Shah wali ullah theory of state

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.Shah wali Ullah Theory of state
A state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a geographic area and
representing a population.A State usually includes ...
EARLY LIFE
Shah Wali Ullah was born on Wednesday, Shawwal 4, 1114 A. H / February 21, 1703 A.D early
in the morning at Phult town Distt Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh India. His comprehensive name
was Shah Wali Ullah Qutb al Din Ahmad.Wali Ullah was his nickname, which means God
Protégé or Close to Allah. While Qutb ul Din Ahmad was his original name .His Father had a
revelation of Hazrat Khawaja Qutb ul Din Bakhtiyar Kaki (RA) that a son would be born to him
and named his son as Qutb al Din Ahmad. Shah Wali Ullah himself wrote his name in his
writing, as Ahmad.His revolutionary name was Qutb ul Din, historical name was Azem Din.in
Some books his name is mentioned as Abd Ullah.According to India office London record his
name was Zaib Anwin.His pen name was Amin.
Shah Wali ullah was also well known as Abu Muhammad the father of Sahbzada Sheikh
Muhammad who was the elder son of Shah Wali ullah.
But he is popularly known by his nickname Wali Ullah given to him by virtue of his goodness
and piety. Shah was his surname. Consequently he is universally known as Shah Wali Ullah. In
the Islamic world Shah Wali Ullah is generally acknowledged as HAKIM-UL-UMAAT (The
Sage of ummah). In religious community his title is Hujjat-ul-Islam (The convincing Proof of
Islam).
His father Shah Abdul Rahim was a great Sufi, theologian and scholar of his time. Shah Abdul
Rahim was born in 1056 A.H /1646 A.D.Shah Abdul Rahim got his education from his elder
brother Sheikh Abdul Rida Muhammad and Mirza Zahid Harawi. After completing education
Shah Abdul Rahim established Madrasah_I_Rahimiyyah (Rahimiyyah School) at Mundihaun old
Delhi.The main objective and endeavor of this Madrasah was to advocate Islam and Islamic
education. Shah Abdul Rahim was associated with the completion of the famous Islamic Legal
text Fatawa_I_Alamgiri (Religious Opinion of Alamgir).
Shah Abdul Rahim remarried in age of 60 year with the daughter of his pupil Sheikh Muhammad
Phulti.Sheikh Muhammad Phulti daughter name was Fakhur Nisa. She hailed from prominent
and respectable Sufi cum soldier’s family. After marriage Shah Abdul Rahim stayed in Phult
western UP India. Fakhur Nisa was the mother of Shah Wali Ullah.She was a religious and Sufi
woman. She had full command over Tafsir, Hadith and mysticism.
FAMILY BACKGROUND
Shah Wali Ullah has Lineage from Arab Quresh Tribe of the holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad
(PBUH). Shah Wali Ullah pedigree from the paternal side goes back to Second Caliph of Islam
Hazrat Omer (R.A). From the maternal side goes back through Hazrat Imam Musa Kazim (R.A)
to Hazrat Ali (R.A) the cousin of the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) and fourth
Caliph of Islam.
Shah Wali Ullah early ancestor left Hajaz for Persia in the early centuries of Islam. On the basis
of his family tree some member of his fifth generation must have settled in Persia because the
Iranian influences their generation names.
The family of Shah Wali Ullah settled in Rahtak in the thirteenth century after the conquest of
Delhi.Rohtak was a city of sayyid and Sheiks. His family was loyal to Mughals.
The Shah Wali Ullah ancestors served as Mufti and Qazi in Delhi Sultans Sheikh Shamas Ul Din
Mufti was first Member of his family who migrated to India.
Sheikh Shams Din Mufti was a religious scholar.

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Kamal al Din
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Qutb al Din
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Abd al Malik
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Qazi Kabir alias Qazi budh
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Qiwam al Din alias Qazi Qadin
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Mahmud
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Ahmad
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Mansur
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Muazzam
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Wajih al Din
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Shah Abdul Rahim
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Shah Wali Ullah (Qutb_al_Din Ahmad)
EDUCATION
Shah Wali Ullah informal education took place at home. His mother was a great Sufi and
scholar. He learned his basic and informal education at home from his mother.
Shah Wali Ullah was interested in education. He was an intelligent student. Shah Wali Ullah
father Shah Abdul Rahim took keen interest in the education and training of his son.
Shah Wali Ullah childhood was not like ordinary children’s. Shah Wali Ullah was admitted at
the age of 5 year to Maktab a traditional school for small children’s. In two years Shah Wali
Ullah completed the reading of the holy Quran.He started regular daily prayer and fasting at the
age of 7 years. At the end of 7 year he memorized the holly Quran.
Shah Wali Ullah started Tahajjud (Night Prayer) at the age of 7 years along with his parents.
Shah Wali Ullah studied Arabic and Persian grammar and Literature for 3 years. At the age of 10
year he studied Sharh_I_Mulla. For Next 5 year he studied Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh, Philosophy,
Logic, tibb, geometry, mysticism and metaphysical literature. He was just 15 when he completed
his formal education and become a graduate.
Shah Wali Ullah father arranged a grand party for friends on the occasion of this happiness.
When Shah Wali Ullah age was 15 years when his father initiated him into the Naqshbandi
School of Sufism. He became the Disciple (Mureed) of his father who gave him spiritual
training. His father also initiated him into another important school of Sufism Qadriiyya and
Chistiyya School of sufisim.but he remained predominantly in a Naqshbandi order of Sufi. After
completing his education shah Wali Ullah became teacher in his father Madrasah.

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When his age was 17 year his father Shah Abdul Rahim became ill and died. After the death of
his father Shah Wali Ullah became the Principle of Madrasah_I_Rahimiyyah.Shah Wali Ullah
busy in teaching for 12 years in the said institute.
Shah wali Ullah was interested in higher education. He was also interested to perform Pilgrimage
in Mecca.So after 12 years teaching in Madrasah –I-Rahimiyyah. He decided to go to Arabia for
Hajj and Higher Education. In 1731 A.C / 1143 A.H he left for Hajaz where he performed Hajj.
After performing Hajj he stayed there for 14 months. He got higher education of Hadith and
Metaphysic there. Shah Wali ullah favorite teacher in Arab was Sheikh Abu Tahir bin Ibrahim of
Madina from whom he obtained the degree in Hadith.other prominent teachers of him in Arab
were Waqfi Ullah Maki and Taj u Din.
Shah Wali ullah attended the lectures of sheikh Taj U Din Qali Hanafi a Mufti of Mecca on
Hadith especially on Bukhari.
Shah wali ullah on 14th August 1731 A.C / 1 Safar 1144 A.H had a dream of Hazrat Hasan (RA)
and Hazrat Hussain (RA) the grandsons of the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat
Hasan (RA) gifted a pen to shah wali ullah while Hazrat Hussain (RA put the green and white
patterned scarf of the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) over the head of Shah Wali
Ullah.
Shah Wali ullah believed that he using the Pen of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). Due to
inspiration from this dream shah Wali ullah wrote Hujjat Allah al Balighah the most valuable
book of Hadith.
During his stay in Arab Shah Wali ullah was blessed with a vision of the holy prophet Hazrat
Muhammad (PBUH). Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) ordered him to go back to India and work for
the organization and reform of the Muslims of the Subcontinent. Therefore he returned to India
on Friday 14 Rajab 1145 A. H /9 July 1732 A.C.
After arrival from Arab Shah Wali Ullah again join the Madrasah-I-Rahimiyyah as a teacher. He
taught Hadith and Metaphysics to his pupils.
When shah wali ullah returned to Delhi he started Practical works. He started training Students in
every discipline and field of Life. Shah Wali ullah ordered them after qualifying to work as a
missionary for the emancipation of the Muslims of subcontinent. The Muslims of the
subcontinents were passing through critical phase of history. Shah Wali Ullah activities were not
only limited to practical work his spiritual work also continued.
MANITAL LIFE
When Shah Wali Ullah age was fourteen years he was married to the daughter of his maternal
uncle Sheikh Abid Ullah Phulti.This was Shah Wali Ullah first Marriage.
Shahbzada Shiekh Muhammad was born to this wife. Shahbzada Sheikh Muhammad was also a
scholar and Sufi.
After the death of his first wife Shah Wali Ullah remarried with the daughter of Sana Ullah Soni
Pathi in 1157 A.H/1744 A.C at the age of 54 year .Her name was Bibi Arada.Shah Wali ullah
four sons and one daughter are from this second wife. The daughter name was Ummat-Ul_Aziz
who was married to Mulvi Muhammad Faiq.
LATER LIFE
Shah Wali Ullah spent his entire life in teaching, writing and spiritualism. Spiritually he became
so powerful that during the daytime Shah Wali ullah received the direct revelation of
God.Through divine inspiration Shah Wali ullah raised to the status of a Mujaddid, awasi, a qutb
and an Imam along with the Sufi path.

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Divine Power appointed him as final spokesman of the last cycle of the World.
He never played any game in his life. He considered it the wasting of time. He never went out of
home for any sort of entertainment. He never attended any party.
Similarly he was very noble in his youth hood. He never told a lie. His character was gorgeous.
Shah Wali Ullah whole life is a model for Muslim Ummah.
Shah Wali Ullah was died at the age of 62 years on 29 Muharram 1176 A.H/ 21 August 1762
A.C.At the time of death his exact age was about 61 year and 4 months.
Shah Wali Ullah was buried in a vast graveyard behind the central jail known as Munhadiyan on
left side of Deli Gate with his father Shah Abdul Rahim.
After the death of Shah Wali Ullah son Shah Abdul Aziz was appointed as his heir.
DESCENDANTS
Shahbzada Sheikh Muhammad was the elder son of shah Wali Ullah.he was a Sufi and religious
scholar. He was from his first wife.He got his education from his great father. Shah Wali Ullah
wrote a Rasala for him. After the Shah Wali Ullah death he migrated to Budhana town. He had
only two daughters. He died in 1208 Ah/1793 AD.
Shah Wali Ullah first son Shah Abdul Aziz was born in 1746 A.C / 1159 A.H.He got his
education from his great father. After the death of his father at the age of 17-year shah Abdul
Aziz was appointed as the successor of his father. He taught for 60 years at his father institute.
The Prominent Students of Shah Abdul Aziz are Shah Rafi U Din, Shah Muhammad Ishaq,
Mufti Sadur Din, Shah Ghulum Ali, Maulana Abdul Hai, Mufti Elahi Bukhas and Maulana Syed
Ahmad Barelvi.He had full command over 150 different discipline of knowledge. Shah Abdul
Aziz had three daughters. He died at the age of 79 year on 7th Shawwal 1238 H / 17 July 1823
A.C.He was awarded the title of “ AYAT ALLAH “the sign of God.
Shah Rafi U Din was the second son of Shah Wali Ullah. He was born in 1163 A. H / 1749 A.C.
He got his education from his great father. He was a religious scholar. He translated the Holly
Quran into the Urdu Language. He died at the age of 70 years on 1233 A. H / 1817 A.C.He had
Four Sons.
Shah Abdul Qadir the third son of Shah Wali Ullah was born in 1167 A. H /1753A.C.After
finishing his education he became Sufi. He also translates the Holly Quran into the Urdu. He
died at the age of 63 years on 1230 A.H / 1814 A.C.
Shah Abdul Ghani was the fourth son of Shah Wali Ullah.he was born in 1171 A. H / 1757 A.C.
Shah Ismail Shahid was his son. Shah Ismail was the great worrier of Islam. He sacrificed his life
for Islam.
ORKS OF SHAH WALI ULLAH
Shah Wali Ullah was a prolific writer who wrote extensively on every topic especially on Quran,
Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh, philosophy, Logic, Sufism, Metaphysics, Poetry and verity of topics both in
Persian as well as in Arabic language. Shah Wali Ullah has left a precious treasure of knowledge.
He contributed in every field of knowledge especially Hadith, Metaphysics, Ijtihad, Social,
Political, Economical and literature.
14 Rajab 1145 / 31 December 1732 to 29 Muharram 1176 / 3 August 1762 till death his life
period was very productive. Shah Wali Ullah completely dedicated his life for the teaching and
literary activities. He was financially poor but he continued his noble mission.
According to Rahim Bakhsh the author of Hayat_I_Wali Shah Wali Ullah wrote forty-Five
books.According to G.N.Jalbani he wrote more than fifty books, which have been
published.While Dr Mazhar Baqa has given a list of seventy books including five collection of

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his letters and epistles.Hafiz Ibrahim Sialkoti claimed that Shah wali ullah wrote above two
hundred books.
The exact number of shah wali ullah books is 51 of which 23 books are in Arabic language and
28 are in Persian language.
Catalog of Shah Wali Ullah books: -
Shah Wali Ullah Arabic books are given below
1: - Hujjat Allah al Balighah.
The title of this book had been taken from the Quran Surah Al Anaam.
It is the most important Arabic book of Shah Wali Ullah.It comprises two Volumes. This book
has been translated into many languages of the World.
The Government of Sudan introduces it in the syllabus of Garden College Khartoum.It consist of
Hadith, Fiqha, Philosophy, Ethics, Language, Logic, Literature and Islamic knowledge. This
book has two protons first proton of the book dealt with metaphysics, theology, and evolution of
the society while the second concerned with Ethics, Politics, Society etc. In this book Shah Wali
ullah Explain that how and why Islam is suitable for all races, cultures and peoples of the
world.Hujjat Allah is universally famous book.
2: -Fyud al-Haramayn.
It was written in 1146 A.H/1733 A.D.It dealt with Spirirualism. In this work Shah wali ullah
discussed the Spiritual benefits which he received during his stay in Arab.
3: - Al-qawl al jamil.
It was written in 1146 A.H/1733 A.D.This work is about Sufism. It discusses the Sufism, Sufi
orders etc.This work has been translated by Khurram Ali into Urdu. The Urdu translation has
been published in 1278 A.H/1861 AD.
4: -Hamaat.
This work is about Sufism. It Urdu translation is published with the name of Nifhat.
5: -A Tayyab al_ Naghm fi Madh – Saiyid al Arab wal-Ajam.
It is an Arabic Ode (Qasida) on holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).It was written in 1150/1737.It
was published in 1308 A.H.
6: - A collection of Arabic poems.
Shah Wali Ullah Collection of Arabic had been published.
7: -The Arabic translation of the Raddi-Rawafid of Mujaddad.
Shah Wali Ullah translated the “Raddi-Rawafid of Mujaddad (R.A) into Arabic Language.
8: -Diwan O Ashar
It is the collection of Shah Wali Ullah poems in Arabic Language. It is a book of Arabic
Poetry.Shah Abdul Aziz collected the poetry of Shah Wali Ullah and Shah Rafi-u-Din
organized.It was Published from Lucknow.
9: -Al-khayr al kathir.
It dealt with Philosophy of religion, God, attributes of God, Revolution, Kalam,
Wahdat ul Wujud etc.It is Combination of Philosophy, Physics, metaphysics, and Sufism .It was
published in 1352 A.H.
10: -Al Bydur al eazighah
This work is a cohort volume of Hujjat-Allah Al Baligha.This dealt with human pre-eminence,
their instinctive characteristics, Soci-ethical factor in the civilization development.This book has
been translated into urdu by Dr.Qazi Mujib-ul-Rahman.It was published in 1354 A.H.

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11: -Satat.
It deals with all aspect of reality. This small treatise deals with mystical philosophy. It has been
translated into English by G.N.jalbani and into Urdu by S.M.Matin Hashimi.It was published in
1939.
12: - Husn Al aqidah.
It dealt with Aqidah (Belif).Shah Wali Ullah discussed the beliefs and its requirement in detail in
this work.
13: -Aqd al –jid fi ahkam al-ijtihad wal-taqlid
It dealt with Ijtihad.It is a small but complete explainatory treaty on Ijtihad.This book has four
chapters. Shah Wali Ullah discussed the Ijtihad, its types and Characteristics of Mujtahid.
14: -Tawil al-ahadith.
It dealt with Prophets.Shah Wali Ullah discussed the prophets from Hazrat Adam to Hazrat
Muhammad (PBUH).It was written in 1744. Shah wali ullah Acedmy Hyderabad (Sindh )
Pakistan published it.
15: -Tarajum abwab al-Bukhari WA sharh tarajum bad abwab.
It is explanatory work of Bukhari Sharif.It is index of Bukhari.Shah Wali Ullah simplify Bukhari
in order to understand by common peoples. It discussed the principles which help in Bukhari
Translation. It was published in 1323 from Hyderabad (Sindh) Pakistan.
16: -al-Musawwa fi ahadith al-muatta
It is the Commentary on the Mutta of Imam Malik in Arabic Language.Shah Wali ullah desired
to bring the Four School of Sunnis into one Fold.It was published from Delhi and Makkha.
17: -Al-Insaf fi bayan-e-ikhtilaf
It dealt with four School of Fiqh.In this work Shah Wali Ullah discussed the history of Fiqh and
Haidth.According to Shah Wali Ullah the legal difference aris in the four school of fiqh due to
misunderstanding the practice of Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).Mulana Muhammad Ihsan
Nanawtvi translated it into Urdu.
18: -Al-Irshad ala Muhimmat ilm al_isnad.
It dealt with chain of transmitters of Hadith.
19: -al-Nawadir min ahadith sayyid al-awail wal-awakhir.
It is Collection of Hadith.
20: -Al- Durr al-thamin fi mubashshirat al-nabi al-amin.
It dealt with Mysticism. Shah Wali Ullah discussed the tiding of his and his family which they
had from Muhammad (PBUH)It was Published in 1391 A.H/1970 A.D.
21: -Al-Fadl al_mubin fi musalsal min hadith al nabi al-amin.
It dealt with Hadith.It is a short collection the Hadith of the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad
(PBUH).
22: -Arba un hadithan:-
It is collection of forty authentic Hadith (traditions) of the holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad
(PBUH).It was Published in 1319 A.H at Lucknow.Maulana Abdul Majid Daryabadi translate it
into Urdu and Published with the name of “Chihl Wali Allahi and Arbian Wali ullahi in 1387
A.H/1967 A.D.
23: -Fath al Wadud fi marifat al junud.
It dealt with Ethics and Sufism.Shah wali ullah discussed the Ethics in detail.
Persian books list are given bellow.

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1: - Anfas al Arifin
It is a biographical work. This work contains biographies of Shah Wali Ullah ancestors, his
father, uncle and teachers. It was published in 1917 AD/1335 Ah.
2: - Surur al-makhzun
It is Persian translation of Sayyid –ul-Nas work “Kitab Nur Ul Uyun.It urdu translation has been
published.
3: - Persian Poems.
It is the collection of shah Wali Ullah Persian poetry.
4: -Qurrat al ayn fi tafdil al shaykhayn.
It dealt with first two Caliph of Islam.Shah Wali ullah discussed Hazrat Abu Baqar(RA) and
Hazrat Omer (RA) and their superiority.
5:-Izalat al-Khilafat al Khulafa
It dealt with Caliphate.It discussed in detail the Caliphs of Islam and different form of Khalifat.It
discussed {Political system of Islam.It is distinguishing work of Shah Wali Ullah.It was first
published in 1286 A.H.
6: -Al-afhimat al-ilahiyyah.
In this Persian book Shah Wali Ullah highlight the Picture of Muslim society. It has two
volumes. He point out defects in the Muslim Society. It dealt with different aspect of
musticsm.Shah Wali ullah also discussed social,Political and ethical thoughts.It was Published in
1355 A.H/ 1936 A.D.
7: -Hawami Sharh hizb al-bahr.
It is a Persian translation of famous invocations.
8: -Kashf al-ghaym an sharh al-ruba iyatayn.
It is a commenter to Khawaja Baqi Biallah work.
9: -Shifa al –Qulub.
It dealt with Mysticism.
10: -Altaf al-quds.
It dealt with Sufism.It is Shah Wali Ullah explainatory work on Sufism.
11: -Al-Muqaddimah fi qawanin al-tarjumah.
It dealt with the principles and rules of the translation of the Quranic text.
12: -Al Fawz al-Kabir fi usal al –Tafsir:-
It deals with Principles and rules of tafsir of the holy Quran.This book has been translated into
many languages of the world including Urdu and Arabic. It is a part of Darsi Nizami Syllabus.
It is distinguishing work of Shah Wali Ullah.This book is classified into four Chapters. It is about
the study and knowledge of Quran.
13: -Al-Fath al-khabir:-
This treatise deals with Quranic study. In this book Shah Wali Ullah explains the difficult terms
in the light of Hadith.It was part of the Syllabus of the Madrasah_i_Rahimiyyah.
14: -Al_Musaffa fi ahadith al Muatta.
It is a Commentary to work on Mutta of imam Malik in Persian Language. It is a part of Shah
Wali Ullah reconciliatory efforts to bring harmony in Four School of Sunni thoughts.
5: -Lamaat.
It deals with Sufism. It discussed the matter of Sufism in depth.It is related to Sufism ,its
different orders and principles of Sufism.
16: -Lamahat.

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It discussed the Metaphysical issue such as God being relation ,being reality,being universe
relation etc.It has been translated into Urdu by Pir Muhammad Hasan.G.N.Jalbani translated it
into English.
17: -Al-Intibah fi salasil awliya allah wa asanid wraith rasul Allah.
It dealt with Sufism and different School of Sufism.It discussed in detail the Sufism and orders
of Sufism.
18: -Fawaz- Ul- kabir
It deals with the principles of Tafsir of the Holy Quran.Shah wali ullah laid down the foundation
of translation of the Holy Quran. This treatise explains the basic principles of Translation ans
Tafsir for the Holy Quran.
19: - Risalh-I-danishmandi.
It dealt with wisdom and principles of teaching. In this work Shah Wali Ullah discussed the
teaching methodology. It is a guide line for the teachers.. It Urdu translation was published in
1964 by Prof.Muhammad Sarwar. Muhammad Ikram Nadvi translates it into Arabic and
published.
20: -Fath-Ur-Rahman.
It is a translation of the Holy Quran in Persian language. This translation was completed in 1151
A.H/1738 A.D. Millions of copies of Fath Ur Rahman have been sold in the whole world. It was
first published in 1743 AD/1156 AH.
21: -Al-Atiya tus Samadiyah fi anfas al-muhammadiyah.
It is biography of Shah Wali ullah maternal grand father Sheikh Muhammad Phalti.
22: -Shawariq_al-Marifat.
It is biography of Sheikh Abu Rida Muhammad.
23: -Zaharwayn.
It is commentary on Surah Baqarah and Surah Imran of the Holy Quran.Shah wali ullah wrote a
explanatory commentary of these two Surah of the holy Quran.
24: -Risalah
It deals with Mysticism. It is reply to the Mystical Issues raised by Sheikh Abdul Razaq.
25: -Sarf-I-mir.
It is a short Treatise of Arabic Grammar. Shah Wali Ullah wrote this work to teach his son
Arabic grammar.Later on this treatise become very popular in educational circle for learning of
Arabic grammar.
26: -Al Imdad –O-fi-Muathiral Ajdad.
This work contains Shah Wali Ullah genealogical table. Shah Wali Ullah discussed in detail
some family members. In this book shah wali ullah discussed the genealogical table of his
family.
27: -Tuhfatul Muwahhidin
It deals with Tauhid.It explains the creed of Tauhid.Maulana Hafiz Rahim Bukhas translated it
into Urdu and published in 1922 Ad/1381 AH
PROFESSION
EDUCATIONIST
Shah Wali Ullah was a great teacher and educationist. He introduced Hadith in syllabus for first
time in Islamic Madrasa.Shah wali ullah prepared a new curriculum for the students of Islamic
institutions. The Students first learn Arabic language. The proficiency in Arabic Language was

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compulsory for Students. When they become skilled at grammar. Then study Quran with
meaning without Tafsir.After qualifying Quran with meaning they should study Muwatta of
Imam Malik.He was teaching at Madarsa_I_ Rahimiyyah which situated in Mohalla Munhadiya
in old Delhi. Shah Wali ullah method of teaching was very exciting and effective. Due to Shah
Wali Ullah eye-catching personality the number of his students increased day by day so the
Madrsa I Rahiyyima premise was inadequate for studies purposes.
On the educational services and contribution the King Muhammad Shah Rangella gifted him a
great Hawali in the center of City. Shah Wali ullah waqaf (trust) this Hawali for learning and
educational purposes and named it as Dar Ul Hadith (Faculty of Specialty in Hadith Science).
This great institute played very significance role in the awaking of Muslims of the subcontinent.
The Muslims of India were backward in the field of education. This institute reactivated the
Muslim of India in the Education field. In 1857 war of independence this great institute was
completely destroyed. Till 1857 war of independence this institute was very active in awaking of
Muslim of Sub continent in every field of life. Now there is a Mohalla, which is known as
Mohalla Madrasah Shah Abdul Aziz. The building of this Madrasa (School) was very beautiful.
It was one of the greatest centers of learning. It was one of the greatest universities of Islamic
education of his time. This candle was lighted by Shah Wali Ullah for the Muslims of India.
After the war of independence the follower of Shah Wali Ullah established Dar al Ulam
Deoband in UP.
MUFSIR QURAN
Shah Wali Ullah translates the Holy Quran into Persian language. Shah Wali Ullah translation of
the holy Quran is known as Fath Al Rahman Fi Trjumat Al Quran. It was first complete
translation of the holy Quran in any foreign language. Berber leader Ibn Tumarth first translates
the holy Quran into Berber language.It was the first Translation of the Holy Quran in any
Foreign Language. Shah Wali Ullah made easy for common peoples to read and understand the
holy Quran because the Persian was a common and official language of India.
MUJTAHID
Shah Wali Ullah was pioneer of the movement in structure of Islam in the subcontinent.
Shah Wail Ullah can be said to have founded modern Islam in India. He himself believed that he
was the faith the inaugurator of a new ear or one whose arrival coincides with a scientific age
and holds the key to mysteries of the coming era.
Shah Wali Ullah asserted his claim as a Mujaddid of his age. Mujaddid is one who presents or
restores the law in a form which remaining in conformity with its original basis is suitable to new
conditions arising from the changes of time.
The Idea of continues change and development or evolution remains the basis of Wali Ullah
discussion. Shah Wali Ullah removed contradiction and conflicts from Islamic interpretation.
Shah Wali Ullah has a credited dynamic and evolutionary approach to the Quran that inevitably
widens the scope of Ijtihad.
Shah Wali Ullah wrote a very useful and informative book on Ijtihad.
Allama Muhammad Iqbal referred to Shah Wali Ullah as the first Muslim who felt the urges of a
new spirit.
Shah Wali Ullah was a Mujtahid.He was against sectatianism. The Muslims were divided into
Hanfis, Shafis, Malkis and Hanbalis sub sects. Shah Wali Ullah after investigate and research to
reconcile on the basis of Ijtihad. The Basic sources of Islamic Law are Quran and Sunnah.All
Sects have one and the same aims and goals. All are one and right ways. There is no difference.

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He was against sectarianism. Taqlid is necessary. Shah Wali Ullah opened the door of Ijtihad for
Muslims.
MUHADITH
Shah Wali Ullah was keenly interested in Hadith the second important source of Islamic law. He
introduced the Hadith into the syllabus of Darse Nizami.
In the daily practice of Islam Shah Wali ullah stressed a renewed study of the Hadith or
authoritative saying of the prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) and preferred that authentic
Hadith should be followed rather than a doubtful ruling by a juris_ consult (Faqih)Shah Wali
Ullah favorite Hadith book was Imam Malik Muwatta.
On the basis of his significance role in the field of Hadith he is known as Muhaddith Delhvi.
SUFI
Shah ali Ullah was a great Sufi and saint. A theologian and a Sufi mystic who claimed that he
was in direct spiritual communication with the prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) who guided
and instructed him.Shah Wali ullah was initiated into fourth order of Sufism. He was interested
in Sufism because his family was a Sufi family. His father, mother and uncle were Sufis. At the
same time he was a follower of four orders of Sufism. He was not follower of any specific order
of Sufism. Shah wali Ullah mission was to reconcile differences between the various Sufi orders
and their teaching and practice. He wanted to make Sufism acceptable to orthodox Sunnis.
Shah Wali ullah divided Islam into two aspects.
1) Exoteric Aspect
2) Esoteric Aspect
Exoteric Aspect: - It concerned with Public good.
Esoteric Aspect: - It concerned with the purification of the heart through Ihsan.Ihsan is worship
of God with such attention that a Sufi believed that Allah is watching him. The Sufi diagnosis the
condition of heart of others.
POET
Shah Wali Ullah was also a poet of Persian and Arabic language. His pen name was Amin. He
was a Sufi poet. His poetry is full of Sufism. Diwan O Ashar is the collection of Shah Wali Ullah
Arabic poems.
SOCIOLOGIST
Shah Wali ullah socio Political principles have a close relation with Psychology and sociology.
His ethics deals with humanity.After studying different societies and cultures he reached this
result that societies change and evolve with the passage of time. System is the main obstacle in
every field of progress and prosperity. Therefore for bringing change in society first we have to
overcome the system.
Roti, Kapra, Makan and Nikah are the basic rights of each and every citizen. Safety of all
citizens without any discrimination of color, sex, age, race and religion is the responsibility of
the state. To strive language and culture is the basic right of society. It is the responsibility of the
state to respect every religion of the world. Shah Wali ullah thought of society in sociological
terms.The purpose of Islamic commandments was social.Shah Wali Ullah was a reformer and
sociologist, he may be considered as the forerunner of Karl Marx. Human being has a lot of
wishes and desires. To fulfill these wises and desires human being acts. For action human beings
need directly or indirectly the help of others. On this way social interaction is established among
the human beings.

12 | P a g e
Language, Agriculture and state are the basic components of the social Syatem.Society passess
through different stages during its developments. These stages are State, Government and
Politics. The Socio-Political system of Shah Wali Ullah will be discussed in detail in the
subsequently chapters.
ECONOMIST
Shah Wali Ullah was considered as proficient of economy system of Islam. The economy system
of Islam is based upon Justice. It provides equal opportunity to the entire citizens. There is no
discrimination between the rich and the poor.
Shah Wali ullah economical system is based on Labour and struggle. Without struggle there is no
wealth. The state through sound economic system can bring social justice, egalitarianism and
glee in society.
METAPHYSICIAN
Shah Wali Ullah was a great metaphysician. There was a debate between the Muslims
metaphysicians. Hazrat Mujaddid Alf Sani (RA) presented the doctrine of Wahdat al Shuhud and
Imam Ibn Arabi (RA) presented the doctrine of Wahdat al Wujud.Wahdat al Wujud unity of
being. God lies in every thing of universe While Wahdat al Shuhud is unity of witness God and
his creation are entirely separate. Shah Wali ullah tried to reconcile these doctrines. Shah Wali
ullah believed that there was no difference between these two doctrines. There is an only verbal
controversy. Shah Wali ullah bring these two doctrines together. Shah Wali Ullah professed that
God had granted him the special gift of creative synthesis or reconciliation. He resolves this
debate with a simple example of wax. We can make any thing from wax. For example we make
horse, dog and cat out of wax. The wax is common to all. Although there forms are different
from one another. These forms are only modes of being and being is nothing but for waxthe
difference between these two is insignificance. Their language is different but the fact is the
same. It is result of ambiguous language. Shah Wali ullah through reason approach and resolve
this dispute between the Muslims metaphysicians. He brings harmony between the two concepts.
Shah Wali ullah wrote about 13 books on metaphysician.
In His books Sataat and Lamahat he discussed in detail the problems of metaphysics, soul, the
relation of universal soul with individual soul, life after death, miracles etc.
MUJAHID
Shah Wali Ullah established a Mujahideen Group in Madrasah-I- Rahimiyyah.
This Mujahideen Group played significance role in the Freedom movement of indo Pak
Subcontinent .The Hazrat sayyid Ahmad Shah Barelvi and Shah Ismail Shahid were the
members of this group who sacrificed there lives for Establishment of Islamic sharia and Islam.
Shah Wali Ullah urged the Muslim rulers to do jihad against the Marathas and Jats enemies of
Islam.He was in favors of practical jihad.
In Short Shah Wali Ullah was a great Philosopher, theologian, Socialist, metaphysician, Sufi,
thinker and Scholar of Islamic world and India. The Islamic world will always be proud of this
great son.

13 | P a g e
Reference:
http://historypak.com/shah-waliullah/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Waliullah_Dehlawi

Shah wali ullah theory of state

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