The document summarizes the common elements aluminum, carbon, chlorine, copper, helium, hydrogen, gold, iron, mercury, neon, nitrogen, sodium, and sulfur. It provides their uses which include making cans, fuels, chemicals, electronics, medical equipment, catalysts, jewelry, construction materials, lighting, and more.

1. Common Elements
and their uses
Group II : Micha Ela Marie Haduca
Marie Vanz Antonette Dacalan
Elijah Collado
Earlson Brylle Valdez
Samuel Piano
Rhevier Von Dexter Caniyas

2. Aluminum / Al
 Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable.
Aluminium is used in a huge variety of products including cans, foils, kitchen
utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aeroplane parts. This is because of
its particular properties.

3. Carbon / C
 Carbon compounds are important in many facets of the
petrotchemicals industry as the feedstock is carbon-
based. Carbon is also the basis of fuels such as coal and
oil since both coal and oil are rich in carbon. Carbonas
graphite is a good lubricant. Carbon is a key component
of steel.

4. CHLORINE / Cl
 Chlorine also has a multitude of industrial uses.
Including making bulk materials like bleached paper
products, plastics such as PVC and the solvents
tetrachloromethane, chloroform and dichloromethane. It
is also used to make dyes, textiles, medicines,
antiseptics, insecticides and paints.

5. COPPER / Cu
 All US coins are now copper alloys, and gun
metals also contain copper. Most copper is used in
electrical equipment such as wiring and motors. This is
because it conducts both heat and electricity very well,
and can be drawn into wires.

6. HELIUM / He Helium is used as a cooling medium for the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and
the superconducting magnets in MRI scanners
and NMR spectrometers. It is also used to keep
satellite instruments cool and was used to cool
the liquid oxygen and hydrogen that powered the
Apollo space vehicles.

7. HYDROGEN / H Some see hydrogen gas as the clean fuel of the future – generated from water and
returning to water when it is oxidised. Hydrogen-powered fuel cells are increasingly
being seen as ‘pollution-free’ sources of energy and are now being used in some buses
and cars.
 Hydrogen also has many other uses. In the chemical industry it is used to make ammonia
for agricultural fertiliser (the Haber process) and cyclohexane and methanol, which are
intermediates in the production of plastics and pharmaceuticals. It is also used to remove
sulfur from fuels during the oil-refining process. Large quantities of hydrogen are used
to hydrogenate oils to form fats, for example to make margarine.
 In the glass industry hydrogen is used as a protective atmosphere for making flat glass
sheets. In the electronics industry it is used as a flushing gas during the manufacture of
silicon chips.
 The low density of hydrogen made it a natural choice for one of its first practical uses –
filling balloons and airships. However, it reacts vigorously with oxygen (to form water)
and its future in filling airships ended when the Hindenburg airship caught fire.

8.  Most central banks hold gold as a reserve asset
 Gold alloys are used in the jewellery industry in the form of
sheet, wire, granules, solders, and discs.
 Gold alloys in jewellery industries are some of the common uses
of gold. Gold is used because it is highly malleable and easy to
manipulate.
 Gold is used in the manufacture of many different types of
jewellery.
 Gold alloy catalysts are used in the production of paints and glue.
 In electronic industries, gold is an irreplaceable substance.
 Now gold became obvious to our medical population that there
are many medicinal uses for gold. Ex. Gold injections are used
to help alleviate the pain of arthritis.
GOLD / Au

9.  The main use for iron ore is in the formation of steel.
Certain other uses for iron include magnets, auto parts,
fertilizer, and pigments
 Cast iron contains 3–5% carbon. It is used for pipes,
valves and pumps. It is not as tough as steel but it is
cheaper. Magnets can be made of iron and its alloys and
compounds.
 Iron catalysts are used in the Haber process for producing
ammonia, and in the Fischer–Tropsch process for
converting syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) into.
liquid fuels.
IRON / Fe

10.  Mercury is used in laboratories for making thermometers,
barometers, diffusion pumps, and many other instruments.
 It is used for mercury switches and other electrical
apparatus. It is used as an electrode in some types of
electrolysis and for making batteries (mercury cells).
 Mercury is important in some types of industry, for
instance for caustic soda and chlorine production.
 Mercury is also the basis of dental amalgams and
preparations.
 It is used for making some pesticides and antifouling paint.
MERCURY / Hg

11.  Used in making neon advertising signs.
 Used to make high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter
tubes, and TV tubes.
 Neon and helium are used in making gas lasers.
 Liquid neon is an economical cryogenic refrigerant.
 It has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity per unit volume than
liquid helium and more than three times that of liquid hydrogen.
 It is compact, inert, and less expensive than helium when it meets
refrigeration requirements.
 It is also used in lightning arresters. Used to shield electrical
equipment from lightning.
 There are also high voltage indicators and vacuum tubes that employ
it.
NEON / Ne

12.  Nitrogen is important to the chemical industry.
 It is used to make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives.
 This element is present in virtually all pharmacological drugs. In the form of nitrous
oxide it is used as an anesthetic.
 Cryopreservation also uses the gas to conserve egg, blood, sperm and other biological
specimens.
 The CPUs in computers use the gas to keep them from heating up. X-ray detectors also
rely on this element.
 These elements have proven to be so effective in this regard they have replaced carbon
dioxide.
 This non-metallic chemical element can be used to fill aircraft and some vehicle tires.
 The same element is found in military aircraft fuel systems to combat fire hazards.
 Other common uses for the element are in steel production and in high voltage
equipment.
 In the latter case, nitrogen is pressurized and dried first. Integrated circuits, diodes,
transistors and other electrical components use it too.
NITROGEN / N

13.  Sodium is an important component in the human body.
 Controlled levels of sodium are highly significant to our nervous system.
 It also helps our brain to work.
 It is important that your sodium levels are regularly checked, to ensure that you will not
incur health and wellness problems in the future.
 It is used as an important seasoning ingredient in every kind of dish imaginable.
 It is also found useful in making the process of curing possible.
 Cured meats and other foods are preserved with the use of a great amount of salt.
 Sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate can be used in many different kinds of functions
and they do not necessarily need to be just within the four walls of the kitchen. Baking
soda, when mixed with vinegar, serves as an effective cleaning solution for just about
anything.
 Sodium fluoride is present in the makings of toothpaste and other dental hygiene products
including mouthwashes. It is also used in water treatment systems.
 It is also used in a handful of industries, including glass frosting, wood preserving and
stainless steel prickling.
SODIUM / Na

14.  Used to make sulfuric acid and some medicines such as pet
powders.
 The element is used in the creation of steel and rubber.
 It is also included in the production of inorganic chemicals, matches,
fumigants and glass.
 It is also used in explosives, cement, animal feed and adhesives.
Fertilizers are also used.
 Producers of slat blocks, soil amendments, petroleum and sugar
refining also use this element.
 It is a vital component in dyes, fungicides and production of
agrichemicals.
 It is also required in mineral extraction and waste water processing.
 Powdered sulfur is found in lotions and skin cream ingredients.
 Burned sulfur helps preserve fruits and bleach paper.
SULFUR / S