1) Colonial New England and Chesapeake Bay societies differed in their economies, community life, and family structures. 2) New England had a more educated population and tighter-knit communities centered around churches, while the Chesapeake relied on the tobacco trade and utilized indentured servants and slaves on large spread-out plantations. 3) Conflicts arose from the different social hierarchies and economic stresses, like Bacon's Rebellion sparked by tensions between indentured servants and landowners. The shift to slave labor in the Chesapeake also fueled the growth of slavery in the colonies.

1. Colonial Society

2. ThemesFamily & community life in New England & Chesapeake Bay

3. Colonial economy & politics

4. History of ideas:

5. Enlightenment & the Great Awakening

6. New England SocietyThomas Smith Self-PortraitSailing scene in the background

7. Skull - Brevity of human life

8. Poem - “The Eternal” would “Crowne me with Glory”New England SocietyEducationTowns with more than 50 households were required to appoint teachers

9. Harvard College was founded in 1636 to train ministersNew England SocietyEducation & LiteracyAbout 90% of adult white men & 40% of adult white women could sign their names

10. No more than 50% in other colonies

11. In England, only about 33% could read & writeNew England SocietyCommunity LifeCentered around the Meeting House

12. Homes were close to one another

13. Led to a high population density in town center

14. Created an atmosphere of “watchfulness”

15. Supported the overall goal of a “city upon a hill” without dissent

16. Easy to help one another & work together

17. New England SocietyFamily LifeFamily Organization

18. Father - Head of the family

19. Mother - Manage the household

20. Children - Provide a labor force

21. Stability

22. 80% of children reach adulthood

23. Life expectancy - Men: 65New England SocietyPunishmentsConvicted criminals were exposed to public ridicule

24. Meant to serve as a warning to others

25. Chesapeake SocietyTobacco cultivation dominated the region

26. Large profits could be made, but prices fluctuated

27. Indentured servants & slaves were common on the plantationsChesapeake SocietyCommunity LifeCentered around large plantation homes

28. Homes were spread out & situated along the banks of rivers or streams

29. Led to a low population density – about 6 people per sq. mile

30. Chesapeake SocietyFamily LifeChaotic

31. 50% of children reach adulthood

32. Life expectancy - Men: 48

33. Complex householdsIndentured ServantsHeadright SystemVirginia Company awarded 50 acres to anyone who paid a servant’s travel costs

34. Between 1630-1700 – 110,000 migrated from England to the Chesapeake Bay

35. Up to 90% were indentured servants