A fantastic PPT on the topic collection of data. The PPT covers the concept of various sources of data and the relevant methods to collect primary and secondary data. It also states the various parameters to be considered while using secondary data.
Introduction To Statistics - Class 11 - CommerceAnjaliKaur3
This PPT explains the chapter 1 of statistics for class 11. It will be helpful for students preparing for exams and for the teachers to use it as a teaching aid.
Data collection - Statistical data are a numerical statement of aggregates. Data, generally, are obtained through properly organized statistical inquiries conducted by the investigators. Data can either be from primary or secondary sources.
A fantastic PPT on the topic collection of data. The PPT covers the concept of various sources of data and the relevant methods to collect primary and secondary data. It also states the various parameters to be considered while using secondary data.
Introduction To Statistics - Class 11 - CommerceAnjaliKaur3
This PPT explains the chapter 1 of statistics for class 11. It will be helpful for students preparing for exams and for the teachers to use it as a teaching aid.
Data collection - Statistical data are a numerical statement of aggregates. Data, generally, are obtained through properly organized statistical inquiries conducted by the investigators. Data can either be from primary or secondary sources.
Data Collection tools: Questionnaire vs ScheduleAmit Uraon
Questionnaire is one of the important method of data collection in which a researcher distributes a questionnaire to the respondents and requests them to fill up the questionnaire and return.
Same way Schedule is also a set of structured questions and the answers in questionnaire is not filled up by respondents themselves but by enumerators.
A fantastic PPT on census and sample methods. The PPT includes a complete understanding of the meaning of census method and sample methods and its various methods of sampling. It also discusses about the types of errors, essentials of a good sample. It also discusses the difference between census and sample methods.
Methods of Data Collection in Quantitative Research (Biostatistik)AKak Long
DEFINITION : Quantitative research, is defined as a the systematic investigation of phenomena by gathering quantifiable data and performing statistical, mathematical or computational techniques.
Quantitative research gathers information from existing and potential customers using sampling methods and sending out online surveys, online polls, questionnaires etc., the results of which can be depicted in the form of numericals.
After careful understanding of these numbers to predict the future of a product or service and make changes accordingly.
Described as the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer research questions, test hypothesis and evaluate outcome.
Importance of data collection:
Helps us search for answers and resolutions
Facilitates and improve decision-making processes and the quality of the decisions made.
#Types of quantitative research.
. Survey research
The collection of data attained by asking individuals questions by either in person, on paper, by phone or online.
2. Correlational research
Measures two variables, understand assess the statistical relationship between them with no influence from any extraneous variable.
3. Casual-comparative research
To find relationship between independent and dependent variables after an action or event has already occurred.
4. Experimental research
Researcher manipulates one variables, and control/randomizes the rest of the variables.
Data Collection tools: Questionnaire vs ScheduleAmit Uraon
Questionnaire is one of the important method of data collection in which a researcher distributes a questionnaire to the respondents and requests them to fill up the questionnaire and return.
Same way Schedule is also a set of structured questions and the answers in questionnaire is not filled up by respondents themselves but by enumerators.
A fantastic PPT on census and sample methods. The PPT includes a complete understanding of the meaning of census method and sample methods and its various methods of sampling. It also discusses about the types of errors, essentials of a good sample. It also discusses the difference between census and sample methods.
Methods of Data Collection in Quantitative Research (Biostatistik)AKak Long
DEFINITION : Quantitative research, is defined as a the systematic investigation of phenomena by gathering quantifiable data and performing statistical, mathematical or computational techniques.
Quantitative research gathers information from existing and potential customers using sampling methods and sending out online surveys, online polls, questionnaires etc., the results of which can be depicted in the form of numericals.
After careful understanding of these numbers to predict the future of a product or service and make changes accordingly.
Described as the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer research questions, test hypothesis and evaluate outcome.
Importance of data collection:
Helps us search for answers and resolutions
Facilitates and improve decision-making processes and the quality of the decisions made.
#Types of quantitative research.
. Survey research
The collection of data attained by asking individuals questions by either in person, on paper, by phone or online.
2. Correlational research
Measures two variables, understand assess the statistical relationship between them with no influence from any extraneous variable.
3. Casual-comparative research
To find relationship between independent and dependent variables after an action or event has already occurred.
4. Experimental research
Researcher manipulates one variables, and control/randomizes the rest of the variables.
concept of sample and sampling, sampling process and problems, types of samples: probability and non probability sampling, determination and sample size, sampling and non sampling errors
Biostatistics Collection of Data and Sampling Techniques SMG.pptxsajigeorge64
Biostatistics : A brief description of collection of data and sampling techniques - Methods of collection of primary and secondary data - census method- sampling methods- merits and demerits of sampling.
In many different types of researches we are interested in learning about large groups of people who all have something in common that is called 'target population' Researchers commonly study traits or characteristics (parameters) of populations in their studies. It is more or less impossible to study the whole population therefore researches need to select a sample or sub-group of the population that is likely to be representative of the target population. Therefore, the researcher would select individuals from which to collect the data which is called sample. Sampling is the method of selecting individuals from the population. The method of sampling is a key factor for generalizing the results of sample into a population. There are two main methods of sampling including probable and non-probable sampling techniques. In probable sampling method the sample, should be as representative as possible of the population which leads to more confident to generalize the results to the target population.
Another important question that must be answered in all sample surveys is "How many participants should be chosen for a survey"? An under-sized study can be a waste of resources since it may not produce useful results while an over-sized study uses more resources than necessary. Determining the sample size should be based on type of research and its objectives as well as required statistical methods. There are different methods for determining the sample size applying various formulas to calculate a sample size.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. NOTE --The purpose of collection of data is to show evidence for reaching a sound and clear solution to an economic problem.
Statistical enquiry :-it means a search conducted by using statistical methods.
Or we can say that statistical enquiry means statistical investigation.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
3. The person who conducts this investigation is called an investigator.
The investigator needs help of enumerator( who collect information).
And respondents( who provide the information) for statistical enquiry.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
4. Sources of Data
External Data
Primary Sources
Secondary
Sources
Internal Data
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
5. Internal sources of Data
oDefinition –information created by the operation of an organization that include sale, profit etc.
oDifferent organisations and government.
oInternal data may be available in the organisation about sale, production, interest etc
oSuch data are compiled and used for future planning.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
6. External sources of Data
Definition –External sources refer to that data collected from outside the organization
Information collected from outside organisations and institutions is called external data.
External data can be obtained by primary and secondary sources.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
7. Primary sources
Meaning-data collected by the investigator for his own purpose , for the first time , from beginning to end , are called primary data.
Methods of collection of primary Data
1.Direct personal investigation
2.Indirect oral investigation
3.Information from local sources
4.Information through filling questionnaires and schedules –
(a)Mailing method
(b)Numerator`s Method
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
8. Secondary Data–These are those which are already in existence. Its also known as second hand data.
Published SourcesUnpublished Sources
a.Government publication
b.Publications of internal bodies
c.Semi-official publication
d.Report of committees and commission
e.Private publication
1. Journals and News paper
2.Research Institutions
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
9. Census and Sampling investigation
Census Method –when a statistical investigation is conducted wherein , the data is collected from each and every element of the population , it is known as census method.
1. This method is generally adopted when area of investigation is limited.
2. High trained investigators are needed to maintain a high degree of accuracy.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
10. Merits and Demerits of Census Method
Merits:
Intensive study of population
High degree of accuracy and reliability
Suitability of the method
Demerits:
Expensive
Need more time and manpower
inapplicability
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
11. Meaning of Sampling Method
Sampling method : When only some representative items of a population are selected and data collected from these items are used for the analysis, the method is known as sampling method
Factors Affecting Size of sample
1. Size of Population
2. Degree of Accuracy Desired
3. Homogeneity of heterogeneity of the population
4. Nature of the study
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
13. Demerits of Sampling Method
Difficulty to achieve cent percent accuracy
Lack of representativeness of sample
Lack of specific or specialized knowledege
Bias in the selection of sample
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
14. Types of sampling
Random sampling
Purposive sampling
Systematic sampling
Quota sampling
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
15. Random Sampling
Meaning :-Method in which each and every item of the universe has an equal chance of being selected in the sample is called Random sampling.
Like as lottery method
Merits: 1) Free from bias
2) Equality
3) Representative of the population
Demerits: 1)Ignores important items
2) No proportionate representative
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
16. Purposive sampling
Method in which the investigator himself collect or chooses the samples from the universe, which in his opinion are the best representatives of the population is purposive or deliberate sampling.
Merits :-1) Flexible
2) Facilitates purpose of study.
3) Simple
Demerits :-1) Biased
2) Not reliable
3) Inaccurate
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
17. Systematic Sampling
Method in which items of the universe are arranged numerically , alphabetically and geographically and every nth items of the numbered items is selected as a sample items is called systematic sampling.
Merits :-1) Simple
2) Not Biased
3) Less time consuming
4) Satisfactory conclusions
Demerits :-1) Unfair
2) Unsuitable if items are homogeneous
3) Unsuitable if size of universe is large
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
18. Quota sampling
Meaning –Method in which population is divided into different groups or classes according to different characteristics of the population, is called Quota sampling.
Merits :-1) Economical
2) Reliable
Demerits :-1) Personal bias
2) Impossible to detect sample error.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
19. Statistical Errors
In the statistical terms, the difference between the collected data and actual value of facts is termed as statistical errors.
In other words , the difference between estimated value and the actual value is called statistical error.
By Devesh Prajapati- deveshprajapatinvs@gmail.com
