Fentahun Yersie presented on wireless body area networks (WBANs) and cloud-based WBANs. The presentation covered what WBANs are, their history and development, typical structures, sensor devices, communication technologies, traffic classification, architectures, energy considerations, applications, limitations, and how cloud-based systems can address those limitations. It concluded that cloud-based WBANs can provide on-demand, remote health monitoring and management without geographical boundaries through collection, storage, and transmission of personal health data to authorized users and doctors.

1. Presented By :
Fentahun Yersie
5/4/2017
Fentahun Yersie ,
Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

2. Presentation Overview
 Introduction
 What WBANs are
 History and Development
 BAN Structure
 Sensor Device
 Communication
Technology
 Extra-BAN
Communication
 WBAN Traffic
Classification
 WBAN Architecture
 Energy in WBAN
 WBAN Applications
 cloud based WBAN
 Conclusion
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

3. Introduction
 WBAN is RF based wireless networking technology that interconnects
tiny nodes with sensors in, on, or around a human body.
 A typical WBAN consists of a number of inexpensive, one or more
physiological sensors like:
 Motion Sensors
 ECG (Electrocardiograms)
 Sp02
 Breathing Sensors
 Blood pressure
 EMG (Electromyograms)
 EEG(Electro-encephalograms)
 Blood Glucose Sensors
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

4. What WBANs are
Subgroup of WPANs
Domain: HealthCare
Enable transfer of vital parameters
Medical Communication
Small intelligent devices
Attached or implanted in the body
Capable of wireless communication
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

5. BAN Structure
 Sensor measuring
Temperature, Heartbeat, ECG etc.
 Actuator delivering
Medication, Electric signals etc.
 PDA processing and transmitting data.
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

6. Sensor Device
 Inertial motion Unit
(Accelerometer and Gyroscope)
 Blood glucose
 Blood Pressure
 CO2 Gas Sensor
 Electrocardiogram (ECG)
 Electroencephalogram (EEG)
 Blood Oxygen
 Electromyography (EMG)
 Humidity and Temperature
Sensors
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

7. Communication Technology
 Intra-body
1-2 m, less researched
WPAN: Bluetooth or IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee)
WLAN: IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)
WMAN: IEEE 802.16 (WiMax)
 Extra-body
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

8. Intra-Body Communication
Technology
 ZigBee
It is a high level specification used to create personal area
networks.
An application framework to develop the complete wireless sensor
network.
It is used in applications that require only a low data rate, long
battery life, and secure networking.
 Wi-Fi
Short for wireless fidelity.
It is a wireless technology that uses radio frequency to transmit data
through the air.
Wi-Fi is based on the 802.11 standard: 802.11a , 802.11b, 802.11g
 Wimax
Wireless communication standards based on the IEEE 802.16 set of
standards
Provide multiple physical layer (PHY) and Media Access Control
(MAC) options. 5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

9. Extra-BAN/Body Communication
Technology
Based on GPRS and UMTS technologies
for wireless broadband data transfer
GPRS (2.5G)
UMTS (3G)
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

10. GPRS & UMTS
 General Packet Radio Services
 Standard for wireless communications
 Packet-based
 Runs at speeds up to 115 kb/s where current
GSM 9.6 kb/s
 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
 Deliver information at speeds up to 2Mbits/sec.
 3G upgraded to 4G
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

11. WBAN Traffic Classification
 Normal traffic: Based on normal operation between
device and coordinator.
 On-demand traffic: Initiated by Coordinator to know
certain information.
 Emergency traffic: In case of critical condition.
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

12. WBAN Architecture
Level 1: Contains in-body and on-body BAN Nodes (BNs)
Level 2: Contains a BAN Network Coordinator (BNC) that
gathers patient’s vital information from the BNs and
communicates with the base-station.
Level 3: Contains a number of remote base-stations that keep
patient’s medical/non-medical records and provides
relevant (diagnostic) recommendations.
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

13. Energy in WBAN
 Battery lifetime is very important
Required Lifetime
 Swallowable Camera Pills : 12 hours
 Cardiac Defibrillators and pacemakers : 5 years
 Reducing the waste of energy can maximize battery
lifetime
 How to improve energy efficiency
 Energy efficient MAC protocol
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

14. WBAN Applications
Remote Health Monitoring
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

15. Eneregy Harvesting
 is the process in
which energy is
captured from an
ambient energy
and converted into
usable electric
power.
 EH can provide
“endless energy”
for the electronics
lifespan.
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

16. WBAN Limitation
 It has limited...
 Memory
 Eneregy
 Computation
 Communication cabability
so to solve thise cloud based WBAN is
introduced .
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

17. Cloud based WBAN
 is cost effective
 is scalable
 is Data driven
since clouds have large necessary
servers
 not necessary to have:-
 large memory cabacity
 cpu speed
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

18. Health Management System
Based on Cloud
 The overall health management system
based on cloud includes three different
logic layers: hardware, software and
services
 The hardware layer has multiple
functionalities: terminal, channel and
cloud.
 Software layer
implemented in two different Operating
Systems: one is conventional desktop
version based on Windows
 and another is mobility version based on
Android. 5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

19. Desktop version
The Cloud health management system
includes six subsystems, which are
 Electronic health records system,
 Health Information Collection System,
 Health risk assessment system,
 Health intervention system,
 Health education system and
Telemedicine system
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

20. Mobility version
 The mobile health management
system running on the intelligent
mobile phone .
 specifically designed for managing
chronic diseases like diabetes and
cardiovascular disease.
Ex health management mob app
 one click call
 location tracking
 one click registration
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

21. Security Requirements
Data confidentiality
 Data integrity
 Data Authentication
 Data freshness
 Secure localization
 Availability
 Secure management
• In WBAN, data confidentiality is
considered to be the most important
issues.
• Protect the data from disclosure.
• Should not leak patient’s vital
information to external or
neighboring networks.
• To solve this security risk public-
key cryptography is too costly.
5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

22. Conclusion
WBAN technology helps collect
health data and deliver them to the
“cloud”.
Cloud based WBAN functionalities inludes
personal health information collection, record,
storage and transmission,
health status real-time monitoring,
personal health assessment, health education,
telemedicine and remote health management.
Autorized users and doctors can access any
where anytime.
Can provide health management services on-
demand, timely, appropriately and without
geographical boundaries, which can benefit to
the health care industry and individuals.5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia

23. 5/4/2017 Fentahun Yersie , Bahir Dar ,Ethiopia