Clinical psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. Common disorders addressed include depression, anxiety, substance abuse, eating disorders, and learning disabilities. Mental health involves well-being, coping with stress, productivity, and community contributions. Mental illness refers to conditions affecting mood, thinking, and behavior. Major approaches to clinical psychology are psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and family systems. Specific learning disabilities can include auditory processing disorder, dysgraphia, dyslexia, and language processing disorder.

1. Clinical Psychology

2. Clinical Psychology
is the psychological specialty that provides continuing and
comprehensive mental and behavioral health care for individuals
is a broad branch of psychology that focuses on diagnosing and
treating mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders

3. Some of the common disorders :
learning disabilities
substance abuse
depression
anxiety
eating disorder

4. Mental Health
is not just the absence of mental illness. It is defined as a
state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or
her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of
life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to
make a contribution to his or her community (WHO, 2007)

5. Mental Health is about :
How we feel about ourselves
How we feel about others
How we are able to meet the demands of life

6. Mental illness
refers to a wide range of mental health conditions —
disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior
refers to the kind of general mental health problems that
we can all experience in certain stressful circumstances

7. Types of mental illnesses
Mood disorders (affective disorders): Depression, mania and bipolar
Anxiety disorders: Generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder,
obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder
Psychotic disorders: schizophrenia
Concurrent disorders: addictions and substance abuse
Personality disorders: antisocial personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive
personality disorder

8. Major Approaches to Clinical Psychology
The Psychodynamic Approach
The Cognitive-Behavioral Approach
The Humanistic Approach
 The Family Systems Approach

9. The Psychodynamic Approach
refers to the theories and therapies developed
by Sigmund Freud and supported by his followers
Jung, Klein and Adler

10. The Psychodynamic Approach
is to understand what is going on in the mind of an
individual or "to get in the head" of a patient to see what
is going on in the unconscious part of the mind

11. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
is a type of talking treatment that focuses on how your
thoughts, beliefs and attitudes affect your feelings and behavior,
and teaches you coping skills for dealing with different problems.
It combines cognitive therapy (examining the things you think)
and behavior therapy (examining the things you do).

14. The Humanistic Approach
is a psychological perspective that emphasizes the study of the
whole person. Humanistic psychologists look at human
behavior not only through the eyes of the observer, but
through the eyes of the person doing the behaving.
Humanistic psychologists believe that an individual's behavior
is connected to his inner feelings and self-image.

15. The Family Systems Approach
is a theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen that suggests that
individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one
another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an
emotional unit. Families are systems of interconnected and
interdependent individuals, none of whom can be understood
in isolation from the system.

16. Learning disability
is a classification that includes several areas of functioning
in which a person has difficulty learning in a typical
manner, usually caused by an unknown factor or factors.

17. The unknown factor is the disorder that affects the brain's ability
to receive and process information.
This disorder can make it problematic for a person to learn as
quickly or in the same way as someone who is not affected by a
learning disability

18. Definitions
In the 1980s, NJCLD (National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities),
therefore, defined the term learning disability as:
a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant
difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing,
reasoning or mathematical abilities.

19. Specific Learning Disabilities

20. Auditory Processing
Disorder (APD)

21. Also known as Central Auditory Processing Disorder, this is a
condition that adversely affects how sound that travels unimpeded
through the ear is processed or interpreted by the brain.
Individuals with APD do not recognize subtle differences between
sounds in words, even when the sounds are loud and clear enough
to be heard. They can also find it difficult to tell where sounds are
coming from, to make sense of the order of sounds, or to block
out competing background noises.

22. Dysgraphia

23. A specific learning disability that affects a person’s handwriting
ability and fine motor skills. Problems may include illegible
handwriting, inconsistent spacing, poor spatial planning on paper,
poor spelling, and difficulty composing writing as well as thinking
and writing at the same time.

24. Dyslexia

25. A specific learning disability that affects reading and related
language-based processing skills. The severity can differ in each
individual but can affect reading fluency, decoding, reading
comprehension, recall, writing, spelling, and sometimes speech
and can exist along with other related disorders. Dyslexia is
sometimes referred to as a Language-Based Learning Disability.

26. Language
Processing Disorder

27. A specific type of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) in
which there is difficulty attaching. meaning to sound groups
that form words, sentences and stories. While an APD affects
the interpretation of all sounds coming into the brain, a
Language Processing Disorder (LPD) relates only to the
processing of language. LPD can affect expressive language
and/or receptive language.

28. Presented to Dr. Josephine Cruz
Presented by: Shiela Rose Magtaos
December 22, 2016