CCAFS aims to help agriculture and food systems adapt to and mitigate climate change through research. It has 4 themes: 1) adaptation to progressive climate change through technologies, practices and policies; 2) adaptation through managing climate risk at farm and food system levels; 3) pro-poor climate change mitigation; and 4) integration for decision making. Research is conducted in 3 focus regions - Indo-Gangetic Plains, West Africa, and East Africa - home to over 1 billion people dependent on agriculture. The goals are to close yield gaps, develop new adaptation strategies, and enable supportive policies and institutions from farm to national levels to strengthen food security under climate change.
Concise Oxford Dictionary defines Resilience as recoiling; springing back; resuming its original shape after bending, stretching, compression etc. With five components of crop production - space, water, energy, light, nutrients- limiting, there are biotic and abiotic stresses on crops to perform at thresh hold inputs yielding optimum output. Droughts and floods, extreme cold and heat waves, forest fires, landslides and mudslips, icestorms, duststorms, hailstorms, thunder clouds associated with lightening and sea level rise are throwing new challenges to farmers and farming. This dangerously narrow level of food base prompts to widen the base of grains, vegetables, fruits, spices, industrial crops, mushrooms and aromatic plants. The emphasis was so far on terrestrial plants, forest plants and lesser on aquatic and lower plants. The aquatic plants- fresh water, brackish water, marine- were not much explored for edible use except by Chinese, Japanese and S.E. Asian nations. Halophytes, ferns and sea weeds are so far climate resilient. The Indo-Burmese Centre of origin (Hindustan centre including North East) is abode of several plants of possible vegetable, fruit and spice values. Eighty thousand plants are reported to be of possible use, about 30,000 plants are found edible in nature and approximately 7,000 plants are cultivated by mankind at one time or another, of which 158 plants are grown by man at some point of time. Among these, 30 crops provide world’s food and only 10 crops supply 75% of the world’s food budget. Out of these only three crops-rice, wheat, maize provide 60% of the world’s food requirement.This dangerously narrow level of food base prompts to widen the base of grains, vegetables, fruits, spices, industrial crops medicinal plants, mushrooms, plantation crops, pulses, fibre crops, oil seeds and aromatic plants.The emphasis so far was more on terrestrial plants, forest plants and lesser on lower plants like lichens, micro algae, fungi and bryophytes. The aquatic plants-fresh, brackish, marine water were not much explored for edible use except by Chinese and Japanese.The food base of people in South East Asia is partly on cacti (dragon fruit), micro-algae (azola) and several leaf vegetables unlike in India.Halophytes, bryophytes, ferns and sea weeds are so far climate resilient and require lesser fresh water and energy. The Indo-Burmese Centre of origin (Hindustan centre including North East) is abode of several plants of possible vegetable, fruit, industrial, energy and spicy value. The projected climate resilient crops are edible chasmophytes, brahmakamal, tropical tuber crops, herbs like broad dhaniya (Burmese coriander) and black caraway, kale, ornamental gingers, speciality mushrooms and leafy vegetables of Mizoram unexploited and underutilized in the main land.
Climate change, its impact on agriculture and mitigation strategiesVasu Dev Meena
According to IPCC (2007) “Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer)”.
Climate change has adverse impacts on agriculture, hydropower, forest management and biodiversity.
In the long run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc.
Climate change directly affect food production across the globe.
Agriculture and fisheries are highly dependent on specific climate conditions. Trying to understand the overall effect of climate change on our food supply can be difficult. Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be beneficial for some crops in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met. Changes in the frequency and severity of droughts and floods could pose challenges for farmers and ranchers. Meanwhile, warmer water temperatures are likely to cause the habitat ranges of many fish and shellfish species to shift, which could disrupt ecosystems. Overall, climate change could make it more difficult to grow crops, raise animals, and catch fish in the same ways and same places as we have done in the past. The effects of climate change also need to be considered along with other evolving factors that affect agricultural production, such as changes in farming practices and technology.
Concise Oxford Dictionary defines Resilience as recoiling; springing back; resuming its original shape after bending, stretching, compression etc. With five components of crop production - space, water, energy, light, nutrients- limiting, there are biotic and abiotic stresses on crops to perform at thresh hold inputs yielding optimum output. Droughts and floods, extreme cold and heat waves, forest fires, landslides and mudslips, icestorms, duststorms, hailstorms, thunder clouds associated with lightening and sea level rise are throwing new challenges to farmers and farming. This dangerously narrow level of food base prompts to widen the base of grains, vegetables, fruits, spices, industrial crops, mushrooms and aromatic plants. The emphasis was so far on terrestrial plants, forest plants and lesser on aquatic and lower plants. The aquatic plants- fresh water, brackish water, marine- were not much explored for edible use except by Chinese, Japanese and S.E. Asian nations. Halophytes, ferns and sea weeds are so far climate resilient. The Indo-Burmese Centre of origin (Hindustan centre including North East) is abode of several plants of possible vegetable, fruit and spice values. Eighty thousand plants are reported to be of possible use, about 30,000 plants are found edible in nature and approximately 7,000 plants are cultivated by mankind at one time or another, of which 158 plants are grown by man at some point of time. Among these, 30 crops provide world’s food and only 10 crops supply 75% of the world’s food budget. Out of these only three crops-rice, wheat, maize provide 60% of the world’s food requirement.This dangerously narrow level of food base prompts to widen the base of grains, vegetables, fruits, spices, industrial crops medicinal plants, mushrooms, plantation crops, pulses, fibre crops, oil seeds and aromatic plants.The emphasis so far was more on terrestrial plants, forest plants and lesser on lower plants like lichens, micro algae, fungi and bryophytes. The aquatic plants-fresh, brackish, marine water were not much explored for edible use except by Chinese and Japanese.The food base of people in South East Asia is partly on cacti (dragon fruit), micro-algae (azola) and several leaf vegetables unlike in India.Halophytes, bryophytes, ferns and sea weeds are so far climate resilient and require lesser fresh water and energy. The Indo-Burmese Centre of origin (Hindustan centre including North East) is abode of several plants of possible vegetable, fruit, industrial, energy and spicy value. The projected climate resilient crops are edible chasmophytes, brahmakamal, tropical tuber crops, herbs like broad dhaniya (Burmese coriander) and black caraway, kale, ornamental gingers, speciality mushrooms and leafy vegetables of Mizoram unexploited and underutilized in the main land.
Climate change, its impact on agriculture and mitigation strategiesVasu Dev Meena
According to IPCC (2007) “Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer)”.
Climate change has adverse impacts on agriculture, hydropower, forest management and biodiversity.
In the long run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc.
Climate change directly affect food production across the globe.
Agriculture and fisheries are highly dependent on specific climate conditions. Trying to understand the overall effect of climate change on our food supply can be difficult. Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be beneficial for some crops in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met. Changes in the frequency and severity of droughts and floods could pose challenges for farmers and ranchers. Meanwhile, warmer water temperatures are likely to cause the habitat ranges of many fish and shellfish species to shift, which could disrupt ecosystems. Overall, climate change could make it more difficult to grow crops, raise animals, and catch fish in the same ways and same places as we have done in the past. The effects of climate change also need to be considered along with other evolving factors that affect agricultural production, such as changes in farming practices and technology.
The presentation has been prepared as part of Final Project Assignment for World bank E learning course on 'Turn down the heat- Why a 4 degree World must be avoided
Global climate change is a change in the long-term weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. The term "weather" refers to the short-term (daily) changes in temperature, wind, and/or precipitation of a region. In the long
run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc. Climate change is likely to directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal
temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence reduce the yield. In areas where temperatures are already close to the physiological maxima for crops, warming will impact yields more immediately (IPCC, 2007). Drivers of climate
change through alterations in atmospheric composition can also influence food production directly by its impacts on plant physiology. The consequences of agriculture’s contribution to climate change, and of climate change’s negative impact on agriculture, are severe which is projected to have a great impact on food production and may threaten the food security and hence, require special agricultural measures to combat with.
Presentation by Mr. Eric Yao, co-ordinator of The Africa Centre, Dublin, and a farmer in Ghana, on the effects that a changing climate has had on his business.
Climate change effect on agricultural sectorAtif Nawaz
Climate change effect badly all kinds of species from last decade. and its going to very keen issue.
its a responsibility of all humanity to care about all issues regarding to climate change.
Economic impacts of climate change in the philippine agriculture sectorCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Mark W. Rosegrant, Nicostrato Perez, Angga Pradesha, Timothy S. Thomas and Mercedita A. Sombilla at “Up and down the scales of time and place: Integrating global trends and local decisions to make the world more food-secure by 2050” Discussion Forum on the first day of the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Economic perspectives on the impact of climate change on agricultureharrison manyumwa
The world's climate is changing, and the growing evidence is that the major drivers are anthropogenic, i.e. caused by humans. While humans are contributing to the changing climates the impacts of climate change on other humans range from minor to severe depending on the region one is located. As such, climate change has been viewed as a problem with a negative exernality. The diverse distributionl impacts have resulted in "winners" and "losers". But what is the way forward. I argue that "winners" should support and help the "losers" regain a normal life, by helping them to be resilient. Enjoy.
Impact of climatic change on agricultureShashi Singh
Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale. Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.
CHALLENGES FACED BY FARMERS DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGESEaseMyTrip.com
One of the major challenges facing human is to provide a good standard of living for present and future generations: proper food, water, energy, safe shelter and a healthy environment. But, global environmental issues such as land degradation, loss of biodiversity, ozone layer depletion along with human-induced climate change, threatens our ability to meet the basic human needs.
Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
The presentation has been prepared as part of Final Project Assignment for World bank E learning course on 'Turn down the heat- Why a 4 degree World must be avoided
Global climate change is a change in the long-term weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. The term "weather" refers to the short-term (daily) changes in temperature, wind, and/or precipitation of a region. In the long
run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc. Climate change is likely to directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal
temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence reduce the yield. In areas where temperatures are already close to the physiological maxima for crops, warming will impact yields more immediately (IPCC, 2007). Drivers of climate
change through alterations in atmospheric composition can also influence food production directly by its impacts on plant physiology. The consequences of agriculture’s contribution to climate change, and of climate change’s negative impact on agriculture, are severe which is projected to have a great impact on food production and may threaten the food security and hence, require special agricultural measures to combat with.
Presentation by Mr. Eric Yao, co-ordinator of The Africa Centre, Dublin, and a farmer in Ghana, on the effects that a changing climate has had on his business.
Climate change effect on agricultural sectorAtif Nawaz
Climate change effect badly all kinds of species from last decade. and its going to very keen issue.
its a responsibility of all humanity to care about all issues regarding to climate change.
Economic impacts of climate change in the philippine agriculture sectorCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Mark W. Rosegrant, Nicostrato Perez, Angga Pradesha, Timothy S. Thomas and Mercedita A. Sombilla at “Up and down the scales of time and place: Integrating global trends and local decisions to make the world more food-secure by 2050” Discussion Forum on the first day of the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Economic perspectives on the impact of climate change on agricultureharrison manyumwa
The world's climate is changing, and the growing evidence is that the major drivers are anthropogenic, i.e. caused by humans. While humans are contributing to the changing climates the impacts of climate change on other humans range from minor to severe depending on the region one is located. As such, climate change has been viewed as a problem with a negative exernality. The diverse distributionl impacts have resulted in "winners" and "losers". But what is the way forward. I argue that "winners" should support and help the "losers" regain a normal life, by helping them to be resilient. Enjoy.
Impact of climatic change on agricultureShashi Singh
Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale. Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.
CHALLENGES FACED BY FARMERS DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGESEaseMyTrip.com
One of the major challenges facing human is to provide a good standard of living for present and future generations: proper food, water, energy, safe shelter and a healthy environment. But, global environmental issues such as land degradation, loss of biodiversity, ozone layer depletion along with human-induced climate change, threatens our ability to meet the basic human needs.
Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
Presented by Andy Jarvis (CCAFS-CIAT, Theme Leader Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change) at the Seminar on CRP7: Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), ILRI, Nairobi, 12 May 2011.
Provides an overview of the CCAFS-CGIAR Research Program with introductions to the themes and horizon for exciting multi-centre science.
Presentation made in CIP (Lima) on a vision for climate smart crops in 2030, focussing on potato. Presented in the Global Crop Diversity Trust and CIP organised meeting on "Expert consultation workshop on the use of crop wild relatives for pre-breeding in potato".
Presentation made in the Side Event on Agriculutral Biodiversity and Climate Change organised by Bioversity International in the context of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (CGRFA) meetings in FAO, July 2011.
By Bruce Campbell, Director, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security. Presented on 25 October 2013 at the Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences (SLU). Watch the recording at http://youtu.be/krBoz2uLUV8
Presentation by Henry Neufeldt at the World Congress on Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest Systems, 3rd international symposium on integrated crop-livestock systems. Brazil, July 2015
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Agriculture Extension and Advisory Services under the New Normal of Climate ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
In the years to come climate change, coupled with population growth, energy and natural resource depletion, will increasingly challenge our continued ability to feed ourselves. As we move forward, persistent problems, past failures and new challenges within Extension change agents and advisory service (EAS) provisioning have the potential to converge in a perfect storm as the scramble to adapt to the new normal of life under climate change intensifies. This presentation outlines the nature of the challenges, identifies past and present points of successful EAS engagement and outlines necessary areas of preparation
Similar to Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security CCAFS CIAT (20)
Durante la Semana de la Agricultura y la Alimentación, el Programa de Investigación del CGIAR en Cambio Climático, Agricultura y Seguridad Alimentaria – CCAFS, la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, FAO, y el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical – CIAT, apoyaron la II Reunión Internacional de Ministros y altas autoridades de agricultura sobre agricultura sostenible y cambio climático con un documento base y su presentación sobre los retos que representa el cambio climático para la agricultura en Latino América y el Caribe.
Taller sobre intervenciones en nutrición, género y agricultura: situación actual y oportunidades futuras’, organizado por el CIAT y HarvestPlus en Ciudad de Guatemala. Leer más: http://ow.ly/XNIv30mGYBv
Impacto de las intervenciones agricolas y de salud para reducir la deficienci...CIAT
Taller sobre intervenciones en nutrición, género y agricultura: situación actual y oportunidades futuras’, organizado por el CIAT y HarvestPlus en Ciudad de Guatemala. Leer más: http://ow.ly/XNIv30mGYBv.
Presentado por Byron Reyes, CIAT/ Harvestplus
Agricultura sensible a la nutrición en el Altiplano. Explorando las perspecti...CIAT
Taller sobre intervenciones en nutrición, género y agricultura: situación actual y oportunidades futuras’, organizado por el CIAT y HarvestPlus en Ciudad de Guatemala. Leer más: http://ow.ly/XNIv30mGYBv
El rol de los padres en la nutrición del hogarCIAT
Taller sobre intervenciones en nutrición, género y agricultura: situación actual y oportunidades futuras’, organizado por el CIAT y HarvestPlus en Ciudad de Guatemala. Leer más: http://ow.ly/XNIv30mGYBv
Jennifer Twyman, Líder de investigación de Género en el CIAT
Scaling up soil carbon enhancement contributing to mitigate climate changeCIAT
The 4 per 1000 Africa Symposium - Building synergies across Africa to advance on soils for food security and climate, Johannesburg, South Africa 24-26 October 2018
Rolf Sommer, Kristin Piikki, Mats Söderström, Sylvia Nyawira, Mayesse da Silva, Wuletawu Abera and
Job Kihara
Impacto del Cambio Climático en la Agricultura de República DominicanaCIAT
El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), con el apoyo de los Programas de Investigación de CGIAR sobre Políticas, Instituciones y Mercados (PIM) y sobre Cambio Climático, Agricultura y Seguridad Alimentaria (CCAFS), se han asociado para comprender, a través de la ciencia, el impacto del cambio climático en cultivos claves y el impacto económico en la productividad de la agricultura en países de ALC.
BioTerra: Nuevo sistema de monitoreo de la biodiversidad en desarrollo por el...CIAT
BioTerra es un sistema innovador de monitoreo de la biodiversidad y sus amenazas desarrollado por el Programa Riqueza Natural de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID), y sus socios locales – el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) y el Instituto Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH) – para apoyar al gobierno colombiano en el cumplimiento de las metas y compromisos de conservación de la biodiversidad. Este sistema busca complementar y aunar esfuerzos existentes de monitoreo de la biodiversidad y sus amenazas, a nivel nacional y regional.
Cacao for Peace Activities for Tackling the Cadmium in Cacao Issue in Colo...CIAT
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
Tackling cadmium in cacao and derived products – from farm to forkCIAT
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
Cadmium bioaccumulation and gastric bioaccessibility in cacao: A field study ...CIAT
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
Geographical Information System Mapping for Optimized Cacao Production in Col...CIAT
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
Técnicas para disminuir la disponibilidad de cadmio en suelos de cacaoterasCIAT
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
6. Food demands will rise In order to meet global demands, we will need 60-70% more food by 2050.
7. “Unchecked climate change will result in a 20% increase in malnourished children by 2050,” relative to the full mitigation scenario. -Gerald Nelson, IFPRI/CCAFS
9. Ecosystem valuation Average price in voluntary carbon markets ($/tCO2e) 2006 2007 2008 Left: Example of a silvo-pastoral system
10. Genetic improvement We can determine the most effective genetic improvement strategyfor each region, and then develop seeds with the appropriate cold, heat, drought, or waterlogging resistance Map showing strategies for adapting beans.
12. CCAFS: the partnership The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) is a strategic collaboration between the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) andtheEarth System Science Partnership (ESSP).
13. The CCAFS Team: Who’s leading the research? T1: Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change Theme Leaders: Andy Jarvis, CIAT; and Andy Challinor, Univ. of Leeds Science Officer: Osana Bonilla-Findji T2: Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk Theme Leader: Jim Hansen Science Officer: Kevin Coffey T3: Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation Theme Leader: LiniWollenberg Science Officer: Michael Misiko T4: Integration for Decision Making Theme Leader: Phil Thornton Science Officer: Wiebke Chaudhury
14. The CCAFS Team: Who’s coordinating the effort? CCAFS Director and Heads Director: Bruce Campbell Head of Research: Sonja Vermeulen Head of Program Coordination and Communications: Torben Timmermann Program & Comm. Support Program Manager: MishaWolsgaard-Iversen Events & Program Support Consultant: RatihSeptivita Communications Consultant: Vanessa Meadu
15. CCAFS Objectives Identify and develop pro-poor adaptation and mitigation practices, technologies and policies for agriculture and food systems. Support the inclusion of agricultural issues in climate change policies, and of climate issues inagricultural policies, at all levels.
16. The CGIAR Research Centers Where is the research being done? >> At our 15 CG centers and ~70 regional offices
17. The Three Focus Regions Indo-Gangetic Plains: Parts of India, Bangladesh, Nepal Regional director: Pramod Aggarwal West Africa: Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Niger Regional director: Robert Zougmoré East Africa: Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, and Ethiopia Regional director: James Kinyangi
18. REGION: West Africa Population High rural poverty rates and large populations dependent on rainfed subsistence agriculture in drylands. Current Climate The climate is characterized by a strong latitudinal rainfall gradient and dramatic fluctuations in precipitation over multi-decadal time scales. The region also suffers from widespread land degradation, particularly in the semi-arid Sudano-Sahelian zone. Water use and population growth are resulting in increasing stresses on existing water sources. Future Climate Due to the extreme variability in the rainfall regime, predictions for rainfall vary for the region. Nevertheless, most models agree that the Sahel will experience shorter growing periods.
19. REGION: East Africa Population High rural poverty rates and large populations dependent on rainfed subsistence agriculture in drylands. Current Climate The region exhibits strong heterogeneity of climate, topography, agro-ecosystems, livelihoods, and environmental challenges. Rainfall is reasonably predictable, and temperature gradients are associated with elevation. Future Climate Climate change will likely intensify surface and groundwater stress.
20. REGION: Indo-Gangetic Plains Population “The Gangetic basin alone is home to 500 million people, about 10% of the total human population in the region” (IPCC 2007). Because of its intensified, irrigated agricultural production systems, it is the “bread basket” of South Asia. Current Climate Agricultural productivity is highly dependent on the timing and strength of northeast and southwest monsoons, which supply ~80% of the region’s total annual rainfall. The area is prone to droughts (west) and flooding (east). Future Climate There is risk of heat stress, melting glaciers, and sea level rise. Some uncertainty exists regarding precipitation, but the general consensus that the intensity and probability of extreme events will increase. The timing of monsoons may become more variable.
23. Refining Frameworks for Policy AnalysisEnhanced adaptive capacity in agricultural, natural resource management, and food systems
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25. Increase the bar: develop new ways to increase agricultural potential
26. Enable policies and institutions, from the farm to national levelProgressive Adaptation
27. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change Objective One: Adapted farming systems via integrated technologies, practices, and policies Objective Two: Breeding strategies to address abiotic and biotic stresses induced by future climates 1one Objective Three: Identification, conservation, and deployment of species and genetic diversity
28. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change Objective One: Adapted farming systems via integrated technologies, practices, and policies 1one Holistic testing of farming options (benchmark sites) Agricultural knowledge transfer from NARS, universities and other CRPs Analysis of policies and institutional mechanisms that enable adaptation
29. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change Objective Two: Breeding strategies to address abiotic and biotic stresses induced by future climates 1one Climate-proofed global and national breeding strategies Regional fora to discuss and set priorities Policies of access for benefit sharing
30. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change Objective Three: Identification, conservation, and deployment of species and genetic diversity 1one Knowledge for enhanced use of germplasm for adaptation On-farm use of diversity to adapt Policies of access for benefit sharing
31. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change >> Spotlight on: The AMKN Platform What is it? Why is it useful? The Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Knowledge Network platform is a portal for accessing and sharing current agricultural adaptation and mitigation knowledge. It brings together farmers’ realities on the ground and links them with promising scientific research outputs, to inspire new ideas and highlight the current challenges that need to be tackled to improve climate change resilience and smallholders’ livelihoods. 1one
33. Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change >> Spotlight on: The Climate Analogue Tool What is it? Why is it useful? The climate analogue tool measures of climatic dissimilarity between a projection of future climate at a user-specified location and current climate globally. The tool is designed to identify areas whose climate today appears as a likely analogue to future projected climate for another user-specified location. The tool will facilitate on-the-ground evaluations of whether adaptation options that appear successful in certain places can be transferred to other areas that may face similar climate conditions in the future. In this way, it promotes knowledge transfer and communal learning. 1one
36. Actions taken now can reduce vulnerability in the short term and enhance resilience in the long term
37. Improving current climate risk management will reduce obstacles to making future structural adaptations.Risk Management
38. Managing Climate Risk Objective One: Building resilient livelihoods (Farm level) Objective Two: Food delivery, trade, and crisis response (Food system level) 2two Objective Three: Enhanced climate information and services
39. Managing Climate Risk Objective One: Building resilient livelihoods (Farm level) 2two Designed diversification Index-based risk transfer Anticipatory management, aided by forecasts and communication (O3) Participatory action research
40. Managing Climate Risk Objective Two: Food delivery, trade, and crisis response (Food system level) 2two Manage price volatility through trade and storage Post-crisis recovery Food security safety nets Improved early warning systems (O3) Platform for coordination
41. Managing Climate Risk Objective Three: Enhanced climate information and services services information 2two Historic data reconstruction Institutional arrangements Downscaled, tailored seasonal forecast predictions Communication processes Monitor and forecast crops, rangelands, pests and diseases Capacity building for providers
42. Managing Climate Risk >> Spotlight on: Participatory action research What is it? Why is it useful? A network of participatory pilot demonstrations will engage rural communities and local stakeholders at benchmark sites to identify, develop and evaluate suites of promising risk management interventions focusing on: (a) designed diversification, (b) index-based financial risk transfer, and (c) adaptive management. Research and informed outside intervention can improve livelihoods where external change: (a) is too rapid for trial-and-error strategies to respond to; (b) have undermined traditional livelihood strategies; or (c) has created new opportunities that require technical support or market development. 2two
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44. Using crop yield predictions to develop robust indices with low basis riskBasing payouts on an objectively-measured index overcomes problems with moral hazard, adverse selection and the high cost of verifying losses. Farmers’ assets are protected from climate shocks, while rural financial services are protected from widespread default. 2two In indexed insurance schemes, payouts are based on a meteorological index (e.g., rainfall) correlated with agricultural losses, rather than on observed losses.
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46. Analysis of impact of food security early response rules on logistical and livelihood costs
47. Analysis of impact of trade informed by early warning on price volatilityRural communities avoid the need to divest productive assets before assistance arrives. Stabilized supplies and prices reduce the need for counterproductive coping strategies by net consumers 2two
48. CHALLENGES Short-term: Identifying options feasible for smallholder mitigation and trade-offs with other outcomes Long-term: Conflict between achieving food security and agricultural mitigation Mitigation
49. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation Objective One: Identify low-carbon agricultural development pathways Objective Two: Develop incentives and institutional arrangements 3three Objective Three: Develop on-farm technological options for mitigation and research landscape implications
50. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation Objective One: Identify low-carbon agricultural development pathways 3three Evaluate lowest carbon footprints for: food production and adaptation, energy production, sustainable intensification, poverty alleviation Assess impacts of current policies Develop coherent visions to guide agricultural development
51. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation Objective Two: Develop incentives and institutional arrangements 3three Test feasibility of carbon market for smallholders, focusing on where mitigation success is most likely (SE Asia, Latin America) Assess potential non-market incentives and institutional arrangements for poor Assess impacts on marginalized groups and women
52. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation Objective Three: Develop on-farm technological options for mitigation and research landscape implications 3three Test technological feasibility of smallholder mitigation on farms for multiple sectors. Develop cost-effective, simple, integrated MRV. Towards that end, establish and improve data and meteorological standards. Assess impacts of all GHG, through their lifecycles.
53. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation >> Spotlight on: Determining mitigation potential What CCAFS outputs? Why is it useful? Using modeling, remote sensing data and data on farmers' management practices, Winrock International and Applied GeoSolutions are estimating current agricultural emissions and generating scenarios of different mitigation strategies consistent with maintaining food supply. Determining the mitigation potential of agricultural practices at country and site levels will facilitate interventions on the ground. 3three
54. Pro-Poor CC Mitigation What CCAFS outputs? Why is it useful? >> Spotlight on: Quantifying agricultural mitigation Two workshops, hosted together with FAO and Duke University, will provide an overview and synthesis of how to quantify emissions for smallholder systems, especially for farm- and landscape level-impacts. Determining the mitigation potential of agricultural practices at country and site levels will facilitate interventions on the ground. 3three
60. T2: Risk Management T3: Pro-poor Mitigation Integration for Decision Making 4four Rural Livelihoods Environment Food Security
61. Integration for Decision Making Objective One: Linking knowledge with action Objective Two: Data and tools for analysis and planning 4four Objective Three: Refining frameworks for policy analysis
62. Integration for Decision Making Objective One: Linking knowledge with action 4four Regional scenarios Vulnerability assessments Approaches to decision making informed by good science Approaches to benefit women and other vulnerable, socially disadvantaged groups
63. Integration for Decision Making Objective Two: Data and tools for analysis and planning 4four Integrated assessment framework, toolkits and databases to assess climate change impacts Baselines, data generation &/or collation, scoping studies and tool development Socially‐differentiated decision aids and information for different stakeholders
64. Integration for Decision Making Objective Three: Refining frameworks for policy analysis 4four Assess CC impacts at global, regional levels on producers, consumers, natural resources, national/regional economies, and international transactions Analyze likely effects of specific adaptation and mitigation options, national policies Analyze differential impacts of options on different social groups
71. ™ MarkSim Integration for Decision Making Select climate model (6 options or their avg) Select emissions scenario (3 options) 4four Select the centre year of the time slice Select the number of years of data desired Select location
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75. 30% of CCAFS research budget will address gender & social differentiation
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82. Develop multi-center programs of work which are embedded in CCAFS strategy
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Editor's Notes
Cambiosobservados de la tendencia
Why focus on Food securityAnd climate change has to be set in the context of growing populations and changing diets60-70% more food will be needed by 2050 because of population growth and changing diets – and this is in a context where climate change will make agriculture more difficult.
Carbon becomes a commodity, and a profitable one at that. Can smallholders get a piece of the action?