Clean coal technologies aim to reduce the environmental impact of coal energy production through methods like chemically washing coal, treating flue gas to reduce emissions, and carbon capture and storage. The presentation overview discusses supercritical technology, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), and magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) power generation. Supercritical plants operate at a higher temperature and pressure above the critical point for steam, improving efficiency by 0.69-1.96% over subcritical plants. IGCC turns coal into gas before combustion to reduce emissions, but has high costs. MHD generation could achieve efficiencies over 60% by using magnets to directly convert the kinetic energy of ionized gas into electricity in an open Bray

1. Clean Coal TechnologiesAn Overview3 February 2010Arnab Mitra (101532) 1

2. 2Major ConcernsTo reduce Environmental impact of coal energy production Chemically washing impurities/minerals from coal.

3. Treating flue gas with steam to reduce SO2, CO2 etc.

4. Improve efficiency.

5. Carbon capture and storage (CSS).3Presentation Overview Supercritical Technology.

6. Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC).

7. Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) Power Generation. 4OUTPUT INCREASEDTemperature ( 0 C )Boiling WaterBCDry Saturated SteamE24’0cFA-2730Entropy KJ / Kg KThe Super Critical CycleCritical Point 225 kg/cm2 , 374.15OC

8. 5Super Critical - Distinguishing FeaturesStructural Differences Evaporator System – Drum less design.

9. Low Load Circulation.

10. Separator.Metallurgical Differences Need for better grade of material.Chemistry Differences Stringent water quality requirements.

11. 100 % flow through CPU.6Super Critical - Evaporator SystemNatural CirculationControlled CirculationSuper Critical

12. 7Super Critical - Spiral Wall Tubing

13. 8Water and Steam Flow

14. 9Super Critical - Separator System Separates steam and water during circulating mode operation.

15. Runs dry during once through mode operation.

16. Smaller in size as compared to the drum in sub critical boilers.Air and Incondensable gasesDry SteamWater + SteamMoisture

17. 10Super Critical - Sliding Pressure Operation

18. 11Super Critical - Plant Cycle

19. 12Thermal Efficiency Improvements % ɳ 4.5600 / 600OC3.3566 / 593OC2.3566 / 566OC1.5538 / 566OC538 / 538OC0.7BASE538 / 538OC169246310Steam Pressure (kg/cm2).

20. 13Super Critical - Improved Efficiency

21. 14Technology Adoption Status

22. 15Super Critical Advantages - SummaryEnhancements Plant efficiency - 0.69 % to 1.96 %

23. Fuel tolerance - more tolerant to coal varietyReductions Coal consumption.

24. Ash production.