This document provides information on citations and how to cite sources. It defines a citation as referencing a source of information by listing the author, date of publication, title, and publisher when citing a book. When citing an article, the citation includes the author, date, article title, journal or periodical, volume, issue, and page numbers. Different citation styles like APA and MLA are used depending on the discipline. Basic elements of a citation for a book, book chapter, and journal article are described. The document explains how to find sources to cite, whether they are books that can be found in the library catalog or articles that can be located through journal title indexes.

1. Understanding and Locating CitationsLibrary Resources 101

2. Questions What is a citation?Why do we cite?

3. In Your Own Words“process of documenting where you found a piece of information”“act of giving credit to a source that you may have used to obtain material for your work”“where it is from”“where the source came from”

4. Concise Dictionary of Library and Information Science (1996)Citation: Reference to a document or part of a document from which a passage is quoted, or to a source regarded as an authority for a statement or proposition.

5. Popular Citation StylesAPAFrom American Psychological AssociationUsed mostly for Social SciencesMLAFrom Modern Language AssociationUsed mostly for the HumanitiesOtherChicagoTurabian……

6. Basic Elements of a Citation(1)Einstein, M. (2004). Media diversity: Economic, ownership, and the FCC.Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.BOOK:Author(s)Year of publication Title of the bookLocation and name of the publisher

7. In Different StylesAPA StyleEinstein, M. (2004). Media diversity: Economic, ownership, and the FCC.Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.MLA StyleEinstein, Mara.Media Diversity: Economic, Ownership, and the FCC. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. Print.

8. Basic Elements of a Citation(2)Bjork, R. A. (1989). Retrieval inhibition as an adaptive mechanism in human memory. In H. L. Roediger III & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.),Varieties of memory & consciousness (pp. 309-330).Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.CHAPTER from EDITED BOOK: Author(s) of the chapterYear of publicationTitle of the chapterEditor(s) of the bookTitle of the bookPage numbers of the chapter in the book Location and name of the publisher

9. Basic Elements of a Citation (3)Albada, K. F. (2000). The public and private dialogue about the American family on television.Journal of Communication, 50, 79-110.ARTICLE:Author(s) of the articleyear (and sometimes date) of publicationTitle of the articleTitle of the journal/magazine/newspaperVolume number(Issue number)Page numbers

10. In Different StylesAPA StyleAlbada, K. F. (2000). The public and private dialogue about the American family on television.Journal of Communication, 50, 79-110.MLA StyleAlbada, K. F. “The Public and Private Dialogue about the American Family on Television.”Journal of Communication 50 (2000): 79-110. Print.

11. APA StyleSee http://library.uwsp.edu/Guides/VRD/APA_2010[1].pdf for common examples. Consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Ref BF76.7.P83 2010) for more information

12. MLA StyleSee http://library.uwsp.edu/Guides/VRD/MLA_2009[1].pdf for common examples Consult MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (Ref PE1478.M57 2009) for more information

13. Now, Books or Articles? That is the question…Book citations always have information on publishers:Einstein, M. (2004). Media diversity: Economic, ownership, and the FCC. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Bjork, R. A. (1989). Retrieval inhibition as an adaptive mechanism in human memory. In H. L. Roediger III & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory & consciousness (pp. 309-330). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Article citations always have numbers (volume & pages) but no information on publishers:Albada, K. F. (2000). Public and private dialogue about the American family on television. Journal of Communication, 50, 79-110.

14. How to find them?Books, book chapters, theses, government publications…Look up (book) title in the Library Catalog (“Find books, videos & more…”) Find the book by call number If necessary, use Universal Borrowing (UB) and then Interlibrary Loan (ILL)ArticlesLook up journal title in Journal titles A-ZGo to the right volume and pages in that journal (could be a hard copy; could be online)If necessary, use Interlibrary Loan (ILL)