This document defines and describes different types of bibliographies. It begins by defining a bibliography as an alphabetized list of sources used in research. It then describes several types of bibliographies including annotated, enumerative, national, international, current, retrospective, serial, analytical, and subject bibliographies. The purpose and uses of bibliographies are also outlined, including giving credit to authors, providing access to information, and indicating a lack of plagiarism. Styles for formatting bibliographies such as APA, MLA, and Chicago are also briefly covered.
What is bibliography? At its most basic sense, it is a list of books. They are helpful tools in libraries and library work. We must be familiar with them.
Review of literature is one of the most important steps in the research process. It is an account of what is already known about a particular phenomenon.
Literature review is a laborious task, but it is essential if the research process is to be successful.
What is bibliography? At its most basic sense, it is a list of books. They are helpful tools in libraries and library work. We must be familiar with them.
Review of literature is one of the most important steps in the research process. It is an account of what is already known about a particular phenomenon.
Literature review is a laborious task, but it is essential if the research process is to be successful.
bibliography and references.
various kind of bibliography and references.
elements of bibliography and references.
sources of bibliography and references.
This presentation is useful for all who are preparing their projects in colleges. This presentation helps you in giving proper reference of data source.
Libraries and social networking: impact and challenges in today's generationFe Angela Verzosa
presented by Fe Angela M. Verzosa at the forum sponsored by St. Thomas of Villanova Main Library, San Sebastian College-Recoletos de Cavite, Cavite City on November 2010
bibliography and references.
various kind of bibliography and references.
elements of bibliography and references.
sources of bibliography and references.
This presentation is useful for all who are preparing their projects in colleges. This presentation helps you in giving proper reference of data source.
Libraries and social networking: impact and challenges in today's generationFe Angela Verzosa
presented by Fe Angela M. Verzosa at the forum sponsored by St. Thomas of Villanova Main Library, San Sebastian College-Recoletos de Cavite, Cavite City on November 2010
The word 'Bibliography' originates from two Greek words, viz., 'Biblion' which means 'Book' and 'graphien' which means 'to write'. The original meaning of 'bibliography' was 'writing of books', Nowadays bibliography means listing of book/documents irrespective of the fact that whether they are available in a library or not.
The word 'Bibliography' originates from two Greek words, viz., 'Biblion' which means 'Book' and 'graphien' which means 'to write'. The original meaning of 'bibliography' was 'writing of books', Nowadays bibliography means listing of book/documents irrespective of the fact that whether they are available in a library or not.
Broadly, a citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source (not always the original source). More precisely, a citation is an abbreviated alphanumeric expression embedded in the body of an intellectual work that denotes an entry in the bibliographic references section of the work for the purpose of acknowledging the relevance of the works of others to the topic of discussion at the spot where the citation appears.
Generally the combination of both the in-body citation and the bibliographic entry constitutes what is commonly thought of as a citation (whereas bibliographic entries by themselves are not).
References to single, machine-readable assertions in electronic scientific articles are known as nano-publications, a form of micro-attribution. Citation has several important purposes: to uphold intellectual honesty (or avoiding plagiarism), to attribute prior or unoriginal work and ideas to the correct sources, to allow the reader to determine independently whether the referenced material supports the author's argument in the claimed way, and to help the reader gauge the strength and validity of the material the author has used.
Here is a presentation that will provide you the important details about bibliography in an APA (American Psychological Association) style format.Thanks.
A literature review is a search and evaluation of the available literature in your given subject or chosen topic area. It documents the state of the art with respect to the subject or topic you are writing about. It surveys the literature in your chosen area of study.
Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation - Final Version - 5.23...John Andrews
SlideShare Description for "Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation"
Title: Chatty Kathy: Enhancing Physical Activity Among Older Adults
Description:
Discover how Chatty Kathy, an innovative project developed at the UNC Bootcamp, aims to tackle the challenge of low physical activity among older adults. Our AI-driven solution uses peer interaction to boost and sustain exercise levels, significantly improving health outcomes. This presentation covers our problem statement, the rationale behind Chatty Kathy, synthetic data and persona creation, model performance metrics, a visual demonstration of the project, and potential future developments. Join us for an insightful Q&A session to explore the potential of this groundbreaking project.
Project Team: Jay Requarth, Jana Avery, John Andrews, Dr. Dick Davis II, Nee Buntoum, Nam Yeongjin & Mat Nicholas
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
2. DEFINITIONS OF A
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A bibliography is an alphabetized list of
sources that have been used to
compile data, typically in an article,
essay or research paper.
Fleming(2017)defines a bibliography
as a list of books, scholarly articles,
speeches and other sources of
information used when researching a
topic and a paper.
3. A bibliography is also known as;
works cited,
Works consulted,
Reference list.
The etymology of the term bibliography can be semantically traced back
to the new Latin Bibliographia. It is a Greek word meaning “ copying of
books”
The bibliography is found at the end of the work and allows the person
reviewing the data to verify the veracity of the statements.
Bibliography means listing all the sources which you have consulted
while writing your essay or research article.
It is a secondary source of information.
4. TYPES OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES
There are many different types of bibliographies, which
include;
Annotated Bibliography
Enumerative / systematic Bibliography
Current Bibliography
Retrospective Bibliography
Serial Bibliography
National Bibliography
International Bibliography
Subject bibliography
Analytical Bibliography
1. Descriptive/ physical bibliography
2. Historical bibliography
3.Textual bibliography
5. Types of bibliographies
Annotated
bibliography
It provides a brief
description or annotation of
the cited sources.
The annotation comprises
of a brief summary of
content a long with a short
analysis or evaluation.
Enumerative / systematic
bibliography
it provides a list of the list of
books according to some
system, common theme to
reference plan and
includes information on; by
author, by subject or by
date
6. Types of bibliographies
National
bibliography
It provides a list of
documents and sources
published in a particular
country and are
produced in a national
or local language of a
country.
International
bibliography
It provides a list of works,
sources, publications,
manuals, books, notes,
articles and websites
collected from world
wide sources.
7. Types of bibliographies
Current bibliography
It provides a list of
published materials and
sources which are
recently published.
The purpose of a current
bibliography is to report
recent literature as soon
as it is published.
Retrospective
bibliography
it provides a list of
documents or parts of
documents or articles
published in previous
years as distinct from a
current bibliography.
8. Types of bibliographies
Subject bibliography
It provides a list of works
and sources related to a
specific subject.
Serial bibliography
It is published over a
period of known and
pre-defined time slots.
Time intervals for serial
bibliographies normally
range from weekly to
annual basis and informs
on he updates of books
and research article
titles.
9. Types of bibliographies
Analytical bibliography:
It refers to the collection of
sources and materials for the
purpose of critical study and
evaluation. It’s categorized into
the following;
Descriptive or physical
bibliography provides a list of
detailed facts for a book analysis
by listing its size, format binding
and publication detailed.
Historical bibliography
provides a list of contextual
factors related to the
production of the book i.e.
printing, details, publishing,
bookselling etc.
Textual bibliography provides
a list of literary materials
concerned with identification
and editing of transcription
errors from manuals,
manuscripts, transcripts,
scribes.
10. PURPOSE AND USE OF
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
To facilitate a researcher to get an overview of the
existing literature.
Using the list of researched topics, one can get a
particular topic.
To give credit to authors whose work has been consulted.
A bibliography provides easy access to information since
relevant information is known.
Using a bibliography saves the time of a user by providing
relevant literature.
A bibliography helps one inquiring for information to know
the available materials on study topics or subject.
11. Purpose and use continued
Bibliographies serve as book selection tools.
It helps one to locate information materials easily.
It informs researchers of current publications e.g.
the current bibliography.
It helps in promoting reading culture by perusing
through them.
Absence of a bibliography indicates that the papers
may be a piece of plagiarism.
It ensures that the information contained in the
research paper is based on logic, truth and facts.
12. HOW TO USE BiBliOgrapHiES
Bibliography means listing all the sources which you have
consulted while writing your essay or research article. The
sources may be in the form of printed and online books,
websites, web documents, web blogs, newspapers,
articles and journals.
Bibliographies are found at the end of the work. So, in
order for one to use them, they should always switch to
the last pages of the book, article or research paper.
Bibliographies must start on a fresh page.
They are either arranged alphabetically or numerically
but not both at the same according to the referencing
format or style used.
Bibliographies consist of the author, date of publication,
place of publication and publisher.
13. Styles used when creating a bibliography
1. When using the following 4 styles, References are
listed alphabetically in the bibliography.
Harvard method
APA ( American Psychological Association) style
MLA ( Modern Language Association) style
Chicago style
2. References in this case are just numbered in the
bibliography.
Vancouver method
14.
15.
16. APA ( American Psychological Association) style
Authors are listed alphabetically.
For a book.
Start with the author’s surname and initials followed by the date of
publication in brackets. Title in italics. Place of publication and the
name of the publisher.
The second and following lines are indented.
E.g.
Patterson. G.L. (2011). Religion and Health. Johannesburg:
Psychology Press.
17. APA ( American Psychological Association) style
Journal article
Follow the same basic format
as books, with the title of the
journal in italics followed by
the volume, number and
pages.
E.g..
Loo, A. Bloor, Chris. and Choi,
Charlie. (2000). Parallel
Computing using Web Servers
and Servlets. Internet Research,
10(2), p160-169
Online sources
Example
Chan, Susan. (20 April 2004). Results
of Anti-Cancer Project. Retrieved from
http: //www.cptr.edu.hk/project.pdf.
18. APA REFERENCE FORMAT- ExAMPlE
APPEARANCE OF ThE
bibliOgRAPhy iN APA sTylE
REFERENCES
Black, James. (2000). Web Site Standards. Hong Kong: Lingnan Publishing Company.
Chan, Susan. (20 April 2004). Results of Anti-Cancer Project. Retrieved from http:
//www.cptr.edu.hk/project.pdf.
Chung, Albert. and Lee, Mary. (2002). Server Technology. Hong Kong: Lingnan
Publishing Company.
Ho, Mary. (23 September 2004). Sharing Music Files. North China Morning Post. C2.
Ho, Paul. (3 April 2001). Anti-Cancer Project. East China Evening Post. A3.
Lee, Alfred. (2002). Peer-to-peer Systems. London: BCA Co.
Lee, Eliza. (5 August 2004). Searching for Extraterrestrial. Hi-Tech Daily p.c5.
Leung, David. (2004). Computer Systems. New York: ABC Co. Ltd.
Loo, A. Bloor, Chris. and Choi, Charlie. (2000). Parallel Computing using Web Servers
and Servlets. Internet Research, 10(2), p160-169
Smith, Chris. (2004). Searching for Power Server. International Journal of Lingnan, 5(3),
p134-145.
Wong, John. (2002). Testing the Web pages. Journal of Internet Testing, 32(3), p23-33.
Zhang, Alfred. (23 November 2002). Accessibility Survey. North China Morning Post. C3.