The document discusses various types of shots used in cinematography including establishing shots to set the location and time, wide shots to show a character's surroundings, medium shots and close-ups of faces or objects to focus on details, and point-of-view shots from one actor's perspective. Other shots mentioned are over the shoulder shots, two shots of two people, shot reverse shot between speakers, low angle shots taken from below to imply importance, and high angle shots taken from above to suggest less power.