This document defines project-based learning as an instructional approach where students gain knowledge and skills by investigating and responding to real-world problems or challenges. It notes that project-based learning promotes 21st century skills like problem-solving, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. The document also states that project-based learning is well-suited for 21st century education because it incorporates technology and prepares students for project-based careers by teaching these important skills through hands-on projects. An example provided is a project where students create robots to enact conflicts from books they have read.