This document provides a humorous summary of key concepts from Chapters 22-23 of a biology textbook. It uses colorful language and crude humor to discuss topics like evolution, natural selection, genetic drift, and genetic variation over multiple generations. The summary touches on major figures like Darwin and Lamarck and their contributions to the theory of evolution through concepts such as adaptation, artificial selection, homologous structures, and convergent evolution.
A Powerpoint presentation about a brief introduction to Plant Evolution and Evolution as a whole. It's definition and how it came to be.
Includes basic apomorphies from the ViridiPlantae up to the Angiosperms...
Hear Duke evolutionary biologist Mohamed Noor discuss the work that made him one of only a dozen scientists honored with the Darwin-Wallace Medal in 2008. This prize is given only once every fifty years to those twelve scientists who have done the most to advance Darwin's thinking.
Although Darwin's book title suggested that he provided us with insights on the origin of species, in fact, he only focused on the process of divergence within species and assumed the same process "eventually" led to something that could be called a new species.
This event was taped live as part of the Periodic Tables: Durham's Science Cafe series at the Broad Street Cafe. Periodic Tables is a Museum of Life and Science program. For more info please visit us at http://www.ncmls.org/periodictables
When I teach On the Origin of Species, I follow a trajectory that is indicated on the powerpoint. I also make sure that students get the background for evolutionary biology. In 2009 to 2010, I used the powerpoint to emphasize the Dialogues with Darwin project that I did along with some IH faculty with the American Philosophical Society. (See preceding powerpoint.)
A Powerpoint presentation about a brief introduction to Plant Evolution and Evolution as a whole. It's definition and how it came to be.
Includes basic apomorphies from the ViridiPlantae up to the Angiosperms...
Hear Duke evolutionary biologist Mohamed Noor discuss the work that made him one of only a dozen scientists honored with the Darwin-Wallace Medal in 2008. This prize is given only once every fifty years to those twelve scientists who have done the most to advance Darwin's thinking.
Although Darwin's book title suggested that he provided us with insights on the origin of species, in fact, he only focused on the process of divergence within species and assumed the same process "eventually" led to something that could be called a new species.
This event was taped live as part of the Periodic Tables: Durham's Science Cafe series at the Broad Street Cafe. Periodic Tables is a Museum of Life and Science program. For more info please visit us at http://www.ncmls.org/periodictables
When I teach On the Origin of Species, I follow a trajectory that is indicated on the powerpoint. I also make sure that students get the background for evolutionary biology. In 2009 to 2010, I used the powerpoint to emphasize the Dialogues with Darwin project that I did along with some IH faculty with the American Philosophical Society. (See preceding powerpoint.)
Charles Darwin - On the origin of species. To understand Eugenics, you have to know where it all began. It all begins with Charles Darwin and this is his first book. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for incredible content.
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• Are differences in performance due to operating conditions or quality of available talent?
• Are boards better at identifying CEO talent than other research generally suggests?
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Charles Darwin - On the origin of species. To understand Eugenics, you have to know where it all began. It all begins with Charles Darwin and this is his first book. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for incredible content.
Succession “Losers”: What Happens to Executives Passed Over for the CEO Job?
By David F. Larcker, Stephen A. Miles, and Brian Tayan
Stanford Closer Look Series
Overview:
Shareholders pay considerable attention to the choice of executive selected as the new CEO whenever a change in leadership takes place. However, without an inside look at the leading candidates to assume the CEO role, it is difficult for shareholders to tell whether the board has made the correct choice. In this Closer Look, we examine CEO succession events among the largest 100 companies over a ten-year period to determine what happens to the executives who were not selected (i.e., the “succession losers”) and how they perform relative to those who were selected (the “succession winners”).
We ask:
• Are the executives selected for the CEO role really better than those passed over?
• What are the implications for understanding the labor market for executive talent?
• Are differences in performance due to operating conditions or quality of available talent?
• Are boards better at identifying CEO talent than other research generally suggests?
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From the impact of Pokemon Go on Silicon Valley to artificial intelligence, futurist Brian Solis talks to Mathew Parsons of World Travel Market about the future of travel, tourism and hospitality.
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Chapters 22 23 study guide
1. Chapters 22-23 Study Guide
SO MUCH FUN ALREADY WOO LIKE
LOOK AT THIS COLOR CHOICE IT
SCREAMS HAPPY YAYOMG
2. Terms n’ Shit
I had to google
feces clip art to
find this
• Evolution (you better fucking know this or else
you’ll die): descent with modification
• Aristotle 384-322BC (was obvi a dumb mother):
viewed species as fixed…aka unchanging…
– Developed scala naturae (foreigny) which arranged
organisms on a scale of increasing complexity
• Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778 (dat sexii ass name
got him many a biatch): sought to classify life’s
diversity developed 2-part naming system
that’s still used today (that BAMF! Sexy and
smart..)
– Differed from scala naturae bc it grouped similar
species into increasingly general categories
3. This
one’s
called
“turd”
by
More Clipart Feces
OCAL
• Strata: superimposed layers of rock (n roll)
• Fossils: dinosaurs lol
• Paleontology: study of fossils…largely developed by Georges Cuvier
(olala tres francais)
– Cuvier noticed that the older the stratum, more dissimilar its fossils were to current life-forms; also
noticed new species appeared while some species disappeared
– Yet Cuvier OPPOSED EVOLUTION (betchur regretting dat one now, eh buddy?)…advocated
catastrophism (principle that events in the past occurred suddenly and were caused by mechanisms
different from those operating in the present…..nice try, bro.)
– Speculated that each boundary b/w strata = catastrophe (ie. Flood)
• James Hutton (1726-1797): proposed that Earth's geologic features
could be explained by gradual mechanisms still working (take that
Cuvier!!)
• Charles Lyell…(rhymes with Niall)…(1797-1875): incorporated
Hutton’s thinking into his principle of uniformitarianism
(mechanisms of change = constant over time)
HUTTON+LYELL=BROMANCE JK I MEAN INFLUENCED DARWIN’S THINKING
4. SO Much Shit At This Point In Thyme
• Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829): Darn maybe
next
time, motherfuq
proposed mechanism for how life changes er
over time…but he was wrong lol.
- Came up with principles of use and
disuse, the idea that parts of the
body that are used extensively
become larger and stronger while
those that are not used deteriorate
5. Cocks*cker Mother F*cker I just got my
puryud stir my coffee with your din-a-ling why don’tya bring on the acne and
mood swings I’m ready biatch
• Charles Darwin (the big kahuna of 1809-1882):
– Adaptations: characteristics of organisms that
enhance their survival/reproduction (sexy sex) in
specific environments
– “Could a new species arise
from an ancestral form by the
gradual accumulation of adaptations
to a different environment?”
• Natural Selection: process in which
individuals w. certain inherited trairs leave
more offspring than individuals w. other traits
6. I Think I Reached My Post-Limit…How
Will I Prevail?
• Artificial Selection (can suck my d(candle
st)ick): selecting and breeding individuals that
possess desired traits Inference #1:
Individuals whose
Observation #1: harry is naked as fuq. Just the inherited traits
way I like him. I mean, wot? Members of a give them higher
population often vary greatly in their traits probability of
Observation #2: Traits are inherited surviving and
from parents to offspring Inference #2: unequal reproducing in
ability given environment
Observation #3: All species are capable of producing survive/reproduce
more offspring than environment can support leads to accumulation
tend leave more
favorable traits in offspring than
Observation #4: Owing to lack of food/resources population over other individuals
many of these offspring do not survive generations
7. How am I still on Chapter 22,
Hazza is not plzd
* We’re gonna basically
skip the rest of this shit
because fuck you that’s why
• Homology: similarity resulting from common ancestry
(think HOMO)
• Homologous Structures:
represent variations on
structural theme that was
present in common
ancestor
• Vestigial Structures: remnants structures that served
important functions in organism’s ancestors
8. • Convergent Evolution: ind. (YES I WILL
ABBRIEVIATE WHATEVER I FKIN WNT)
evolution of sim. Features in diff. lineages
– Share features bc of convergent evolution? You
aren’t homo, that’s analogous!!!!! **sad face**
• Biogeography: geographic distribution of
species
• Endemic: found nowhere else in worls
9. CHAPTER 23, MOTHER FUCKERS
• Discrete characters: classified on either-or basis
– My way or the highway, bitch
– Jk LLN :D (no I’m not)
• Quantitative characters:
vary along a continuum in
a population
Average heterozygosity: average percent of loci that
are hetero(sexual)zygous
10. Brief Fucking Interlude…
• The song I’m listening to just wished
constipation upon me…RUDE
OH SHIT (pun)
IT’S
FLOWING, BO
OK IT
11. I really don’t
I really don’t
I really don’t
• Geographic variation: diff. in genetic comp of separate
pops
• Mutation: ultimate source new alleles
Shame
• THIS IS STARTING TO BE A PIECE O’ DEUCE
• Population: group individuals of same
species that live in same area, interbreed and produce
fertile offspring (SEEEEEEEX)
• Gene Pool: all alleles for all the loci in all individuals of
population
12. Zayn wipe that
MORE?! fucking grin off
your face or it’s
gonna get physical
• Hardy-Weinberg principle: states that frequencies
alleles/genotypes in pop. Will remain constant
generation to generation
– Equilibrium
1. No mutations
2. Random mating
3. No natural selection
4. Extremely large population size
5. No gene flow
13. Anddddd more…
• This shit ain’t funny no more, Campbell Bio Book. Just
think, Sam…Shia’s day is worse. He just discovered he’s
a cannibal :/ awk.
• Genetic Drift: chance events that
cause allele frequencies to fluctuate
unpredictably
- Founder Effect: individuals
isolated from larger population – establish new
pop. Whose gene pool differs from source pop.
- Bottleneck Effect: sudden change in environment
may drasticaly reduce pop. Size – by chance,
certain alleles over/underrepresentated or missing
14. No explanation necessary
just keeping tidy
• Effects of Genetic Drift:
– Significant in small pops
– Can cause allele frequencies change at random
– Lead to loss genetic variation w.in pops
– Can cause harmful alleles become fixed
• Gene Flow: transfer alleles into/out of population
• DIRECTIONal Selection: conditions favor one
extreme of a phenotypic range, thereby shifting
frequency curve for phenotypic character in ONE
DIRECTION or the other
15. • Disruptive selection: conditions favor
individuals at both extremes over
intermediate phenotypes
• Stabilizing Selection: favors intermediate
variants
• (my) Sexual Selection (is 1D): individuals w.
certain inherited characteristics more likely to
obtain mates
16. ALMOST DONE, FUQERS IN MY HEAD
• Sexual dimorphism: difference b/w 2 sexes in
sexual characteristics which aren’t directly
associated with reproduction/survival (SEXXX)
• Intrasexual selection: within same
sex, compete for mates of opposite sex (think:
fangirls)
• Intersexual selection: individuals of one sex
(usually female) are choosy in selecting mates
(think: NOT ME)
17. • Balancing selection: natural selection maintains
2+ forms in population
• Frequency-dependent selection: fitness
phenotype declines if too common in population
• Neutral Variation: noncoding sequences that
appear to have no selective
advantage/disadvantage
• Why Natural Selection Cannot Fashion Perfect
Organisms (LOL is this a joke? ….1D…): selection
can only act on existing variations, limited by
historical restraints, adaptations =
compromises, chance+natural
selection+environment interact