The document discusses bacterial physiology and growth. It covers the following key points:
1) Bacteria require nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus for growth. They also require growth factors and microelements.
2) Environmental factors that affect bacterial growth include temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and water availability.
3) Bacteria are commonly grown in the laboratory using solid or liquid culture media, which must be sterilized to obtain a pure culture and prevent contamination.
4) The bacterial growth curve consists of four phases: lag, log (exponential), stationary, and death phases. The bacteria acclimate, multiply rapidly, stop growing due to lack of nutrients,
Unit 6: Diversity of Microbial Mats
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Definemicrobialmats.Describethe functional guilds of microbes in the different layers, and how they interact.
2. Foreachofthethreephylaof photosynthetic bacteria, contrast how each fixes C and gains energy and reducing equivalents from light.
3. Forthetwothermophilicbacterialphyla, describe their adaptations to life at high
temperature. Explain how they are primitive and deeply-branching.
Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations.
They are a type of extremophile organisms. The name comes from the Greek word for "salt-loving".
While most halophiles are classified into the Archaea domain, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryota, such as the alga Dunaliella salina or fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga
Habitats like soda lakes,
Thalassohaline,
Athalassohaline,
Dead Sea,
Carbonate springs,
Salt lakes,
Alkaline soils and many others favors the existence of halophiles.
Unit 6: Diversity of Microbial Mats
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Definemicrobialmats.Describethe functional guilds of microbes in the different layers, and how they interact.
2. Foreachofthethreephylaof photosynthetic bacteria, contrast how each fixes C and gains energy and reducing equivalents from light.
3. Forthetwothermophilicbacterialphyla, describe their adaptations to life at high
temperature. Explain how they are primitive and deeply-branching.
Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations.
They are a type of extremophile organisms. The name comes from the Greek word for "salt-loving".
While most halophiles are classified into the Archaea domain, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryota, such as the alga Dunaliella salina or fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga
Habitats like soda lakes,
Thalassohaline,
Athalassohaline,
Dead Sea,
Carbonate springs,
Salt lakes,
Alkaline soils and many others favors the existence of halophiles.
Physical conditions for cultivation of bacteriavinaya warad
To understand temperature , gaseous and pH requirement of bacteria
To study effect of physical conditions on growth of microorganisms
To understand concepts of optimum temperature and pH of growth.
Extremophilic organisms are organisms that can survive exremities that are detrimental for other forms of life. Here is a presentation that discuss such microorganisms in detail
The transfer of fish seed from the hatchery or place of collection to the rearing pond is called transport of fish seed. The seed fish include fry and fingerlings.
Contains slides describing essential elements for bacterial growth, bacterial growth curve, mechanism of energy production and metabolism, principle of in-vitro bacterial culture
We are manufacturing Weiber BOD Incubators and Lab Ovens for varied usages in various research and R&D laboratories across India and abroad. We are committed to provide international standard Bacteriological Incubator at reasonable prices, working closely with the industry captains and leading scientists to continuously improve and enhance the quality, reliability and efficiency of our products by incorporating various inputs provided by them, from time to time. For More Information Please Logon http://goo.gl/66xIhr
Physical conditions for cultivation of bacteriavinaya warad
To understand temperature , gaseous and pH requirement of bacteria
To study effect of physical conditions on growth of microorganisms
To understand concepts of optimum temperature and pH of growth.
Extremophilic organisms are organisms that can survive exremities that are detrimental for other forms of life. Here is a presentation that discuss such microorganisms in detail
The transfer of fish seed from the hatchery or place of collection to the rearing pond is called transport of fish seed. The seed fish include fry and fingerlings.
Contains slides describing essential elements for bacterial growth, bacterial growth curve, mechanism of energy production and metabolism, principle of in-vitro bacterial culture
We are manufacturing Weiber BOD Incubators and Lab Ovens for varied usages in various research and R&D laboratories across India and abroad. We are committed to provide international standard Bacteriological Incubator at reasonable prices, working closely with the industry captains and leading scientists to continuously improve and enhance the quality, reliability and efficiency of our products by incorporating various inputs provided by them, from time to time. For More Information Please Logon http://goo.gl/66xIhr
The presentation discusses all about microbial growth, it explains various nutritional and physical requirements of bacteria for growth, it is also illustrated here the standard bacterial growth curve
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
Bacteriology physiology 1-mbbs-y2-5-oct2011---2
1. Bacterial Physiology Medical Microbiology L3 Dr. Saleh M Y OTH PhD Medical Molecular Biotechnology and Infectious Diseases 05/10/2011 MBBS-Phase II-IMS - MSU
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. - Nutritional - Environmental - Pure culture Culture of microorganisms Culture media Dependence on oxygen - Bacterial growth in laboratory conditions Growth curve - Microbial metabolism Factors for microbial growth: Bacterial Growth
8.
9. 1-Nitrogen source; Ammonium (NH 4+ ) is used as the sole N source by most microorganisms. Ammonium could be produced from N 2 by nitrogen fixation, or from reduction of nitrate and nitrite. 2-Sulfur source; Most microorganisms can use sulfate (SO 4 2- ) as the S source. 3-Phosphate source (PO 4 3- ) is usually used as the P source. Bacterial Growth Nutritional factors
10. 4-Mineral source; For most microorganisms, it is necessary to provide sources of K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Fe 2+ , Na + and Cl - . Many other minerals (e.g., Mn 2+ , Mo 2+ , Co 2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ ) can be provided in tap water or as contaminants of other medium ingredients. 5-Growth factors; Compounds that bacteria require but cannot synthesize Bacterial Growth Nutritional factors
11. 1-Temperature Psychrophile (15 o C - 20 o C) Mesophile (30 o C - 37 o C) Thermophile (50 o C - 60 o C) 2-pH Neutrophile (pH 6 - 8) Acidophile (pH 1-5) Alkaliphile (pH 9-11) Environmental factors 3-Oxygen availability Obligate aerobe (O 2 ) Obligate anaerobe (CO 2 ) Facultative anaerobe (O2 /CO 2 ) Microaerophile (5-10% O 2 ) 4-Water availability Osmophile Halophile Bacterial Growth
12. Obligate aerobe Facultative anaerobe Obligate anaerobe Microaerophile 1 2 3 4 O 2 O 2 or Co 2 Co 2 Superoxide dismutase
13. Obtaining a pure culture A solid medium is required for obtaining a pure culture of microorganism. Agar: an algae extract, polysaccharide in nature, which very few bacteria can degrade. The agar plate contains 1.5% of agar. Colony: population of bacterial cells arising from a single cell. Cultivating bacteria on a solid medium (bacterial isolation)
18. Culture of microorganisms Complex (rich) media nutrient agar or broth; blood agar or chocolate agar for more fastidious bacteria. Chemically defined (minimal media) Selective media Inhibitors for organisms other than the one being sought are added. Culture media Differential media Substances that certain bacteria change in a recognizable way are added. Nutrient broth Glucose-salt Peptone Glucose Meat extract Dipotassium phosphate Water Monopotassium phosphate Magnesium sulfate Ammonium sulfate Calcium chloride Iron sulfate Water
20. Principles of bacterial growth -Bacteria multiply by binary fission . -Microbial growth is defined as an increase in the number of cells in a population. Bacterial growth curve Bacterial growth in laboratory conditions Generation time E. coli : 20 min M. tuberculosis : 12-24 h
22. A balance between slow loss of cells through death and the formation of new cells through growth and division. The bacteria die off rapidly, the curve turns downward, and the last cell in the population soon dies. Bacteria synthesize macromolecules required for multiplication. The length of lag phase depends on the conditions in the original culture and the medium into which they are transferred. The doubling time is measured during this period. The bacteria are most susceptible to antibiotics during this time. Bacteria stop growing due to decrease of nutrients and O 2 supply, and accumulation of toxic metabolites.
23. Assimulation (anabolism): energy-requiring Dissimulation (catabolism): energy-acquiring Bacterial Metabolism Focal metabolites: metabolic intermediates that link anabolic and catabolic pathways. Glycolysis Pentose phosphate pathway TCA cycle Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic) Fermentation
24. Saccharomycetes E. coli Clostridium Propionebacterium Enterobacter Streptococcus Lactobacillus
25. Increased CO 2 Candle jar; CO 2 incubator Microaerophilic Culture methods Anaerobic Anaerobic jar; anaerobic chamber; reducing agents
27. Maintaining stock cultures Agar slant Store agar slant cultures in a refrigerator. Stock at –70 to -80 o C Store a pure culture in the presence of 17% glycerol. Lyophilization (freeze drying) Dry a pure culture with a lyophilizer. This can be stored at room temperature for years.
28. Direct cell count Count under a microscope; cell-counting instrument Measuring biomass Turbidity; total weight; chemical constituents Viable cell count Plate counts(MPN); membrane filtration; Detecting cell products Methods to detect and measure bacterial growth
31. Topics for reading: Using of Microscope and its parts Classification of Bacteria Bacterial structure Bacterial multiplication Bacterial genetic
32. Topics for reading: Catabolism and anabolism ATP Generation and energy conservation Fermentation
33. Thank you Study Questions Besides chemical nutrients, what are 4 other factors you would consider when trying to grow a bacterium for the first time? Why do you need to sterilize bacterial media? What are some ways you could do this? What would happen if you didn’t sterilize the media? What are the four phases of growth curve? What is happening in each?