This document discusses good governance. It defines governance as the process by which organizations are directed and held accountable, and distinguishes it from management, administration, and government. Good governance involves addressing public interests through transparent, legitimate, accountable, and responsive decision-making according to the rule of law. It is important because it deals with public money and policy effectiveness, and its absence can have economic, social, and political implications. Challenges to achieving good governance include ineffective enforcement, corruption, lack of ethics, poor human capital, and frequent changes in government.

1. GOOD GOVERNANCE
ADS 452
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2. LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of the learning session, students should be able
to;
1. Define governance and good governance.
2. Distinguish between management, administration and
governance.
3. Identify the essentials of good governance.
4. Discuss the implications on absence of good
governance.
5. Identify the challenges to good governance.
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3. INTRODUCTION
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Governance started in the private sector with the term
‘corporate governance’ referring to the process by
which organizations are directed, controlled and held
to account (ANAO, 1999)
It is a re-evaluation of the role of government in the
society – re define the political-administrative
relationship ensuring greater accountability and
devolution of power to public managers (IFAC, 2001)
Governance is a popular concept relating to power,
authority, politics, policy, administration, government,
steering and management (Kettl, 2015; Fukuyama
2012; Rose Ackerman, 2017).

4. CONCEPTUALISING
GOVERNANCE
Governance is about addressing collective problems and interests ,
possibly by one actor but also by a network of public and private actors
(Huberts, 2018).
It is authoritative in terms of the relation between the governing actors
and the collectivity involved (Huberts, 2018).
Governance refers to how state and society interact (Khan, 2011).
It is a decision-making process by which decision is made, its analysis
focuses on the actors and structures involved in implementing the
decision (ESCAP, 2009).
Governance changes public administration work in terms of (Peters &
Pierre, 1998);
➢ Networks
➢ Control to influence
➢ Blending public and private resources
➢ Usage of multiple instruments
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5. DEFINITION
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‘Governance is the sum of many ways individuals, institutions, public and private,
manage their common affairs. It is a continuing process through which conflicting or
diverse interest may be accommodated and cooperative action may be taken. It
includes formal institutions and regimes empowered to enforce compliance, as well
as informal arrangements that people and institutions either have agreed to or
perceived to be in their interest’ (Commission on Global Governance, 1995).
‘Governance refers to the development of governing styles in which boundaries
between public and private sectors have been blurred. It is also about more than
achieving greater efficiency in the production of public services’ (Stoker, 1998 p.17)
Governance is authoritative policy making on collective problems and interests and
implementation of these policies (Huberts, 2014).

6. PURPOSE OF GOVERNANCE
To guide, steer and regulate citizens activities through the
power of different systems and relations to maximize the
public interest (Yu, 2017).
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7. COMPARISON OF;
GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE
A formal institution having a
legitimate authority to enforce rules
of social conduct and managing the
economy in each geographical area
(Nag, 2018).
Refers to a governing style of a set
of autonomous self-governing
networks of institutions and actors
(Yu, 2017) which has the capacity
to get things done without relying
on the government’s command or
authority (Stoker,1999)
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8. COMPARISON OF;
MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION GOVERNANCE
Makes operational
decisions and policies,
keeps Board informed,
brings well
documented
recommendations and
information to support
decision making and
oversight
responsibilities (Bader,
2008)
Administration is both
intellectual; provide
purpose and made
decisions and
mechanical; execute
tasks and procedures
running a collective
effort (Waldo, 1984)
Exercising authority to
maintain order and
meet the needs of the
public within a certain
range (Yu, 2017)
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9. WHAT IS GOOD
GOVERNANCE?
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In public administration, good governance concerns
with dealing the often-conflicting values on process
(responsiveness, democracy, lawfulness) and outcome
(policy effectiveness & actual societal outcome)
(Huberts, 2018).
Is an adab-oriented-tadbir in which ‘intellectual and
practical process, within the ambit of true and just
system, to obtain good results’ (Zaidi Ismail & Sani
Badron, 2015 p.138).

10. ESSENTIALS OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE (YU, 2017)
Transparency
Legitimacy
Accountability
Rule of
law
Effective
ness
Responsive
ness
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11. IMPORTANCE OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE
(MELOUNEY, 2017)
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Deals with public
money
High level of
transparency
around public
sector
organizations
Uncertainty
associated with
ideas and
strategies in the
government

12. IMPLICATIONS OF ABSENCE OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE
ECONOMIC
ASPECT
SOCIAL
ASPECT
POLITICAL
ASPECT
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13. CHALLENGES TO GOOD
GOVERNANCE
Ineffective
enforcement
of law
Increase
of
corruption
Absence
of ethical
leadership
Quality in
human
capital
Change of
government
Corporate
scandals
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