Chapter 4_Information, Control, and Privacy.pptx

INFORMATION,
CONTROL, AND
PRIVACY
Created by: Norwin C. Adriatico

Who first defined ethics?
Socrates
- was the first to recognized the need to define ethical
concepts and attempt to establish a universal standard.
booksite.elsevier.com
Aristotle
- “One can become virtuous by imitating the acts of
virtuous individuals for we are what we repeatedly do”.
booksite.elsevier.com
Computer Ethics

What are the importance of ethics?
- Ethics is what guides us to tell the truth, keep our
promises, or help someone in need.
- It helps us make decisions that create positive impacts.
- It is responsible for analyzing the moral duties of
computer users and professionals and ethical issues in
public policy. www.scu.edu
Computer Ethics

Computer Ethics
What is computer/technology ethics?
- is a field of applied ethics that addresses ethical issues in
the use, design and management of information
technology and in the formulation of ethical policies for its
regulation in society. www.sciencedirect.com

Let us check our thoughts…
Ethical or not?
1. An organization requires employees to wear
badges that track their whereabouts while at
work.
2. A supervisor reads an employee’s email
message.
3. An employee uses his computer at work to
send email messages to a friend.

Ethical or not?
4. An employee sends an email message to
several co-workers and blind copies his
supervisor.
5. An employee sends an email message to a
third party without permission from the sender.
6. An employee uses her computer at work to
complete a homework assignment for school.

Ethical or not?
7. The vice president of your student government
organization downloads photo from the web
and uses it in a flyer recruiting members.
8. A student copies text from the web and uses it
in a research paper for his English composition
class.
9. An employee sends political campaign material
to individuals on her employer’s mailing list.

Ethical or not?
10. A company requires employees to keep personal
mobile phones in a secure locker and does not permit
employees to view these devices during their shifts.
11. An employee makes a copy of software and installs it
on her home computer. No one uses her home
computer while she is at work, and she uses her home
computer only to finish projects from work.

Ethical or not?
12. An employee who has been laid off installs a
computer virus on his employer’s computer.
13. A person designing a webpage finds one on the
web similar to his requirements, copies it,
modifies it, and publishes it as his own web page.
14. A student researches using only the web to
write report.

Ethical or not?
15. In a society in which all transactions occur online (a
cashless society), the government tracks every
transaction you make and automatically deducts taxes
from your bank account.
16.Someone copies a well-known novel to the web and
encourages other to read it.
17. A person hacks an organization’s network and reports
to the organization any vulnerabilities discovered.

Ethical or not?
18. Your friend uses a neighbor’s wireless network
to connect to the internet and check email.
19. A company uses recycled paper to print a 50-
page employee benefits manual that is
distributed to 425 employees.
20. An employee is fired based on the content of
posts on his or her online social network.

Netiquette
- is a made-up word from the words net and
etiquette. Thus, describe the rules of conduct
for respectful and appropriate communication
on the internet. Kaspersky.com

Netiquette
10 Commandments in computer ethics
1. Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people:
2. Thou shalt not interfere with other people's computer
work:
3. Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's files
4. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal:
5. Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false witness:

Netiquette
6. Thou shalt not use or copy software for which you have
not paid
7. Thou shalt not use other people's computer resources
without authorization:
8. Thou shalt not appropriate other people's intellectual
output:

Netiquette
9. Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the
program you write:
10.Thou shalt use a computer in ways that show
consideration and respect: Computer Ethics Institute

Cybercrime Law
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012
SEC. 4. Cybercrime Offenses. — The following acts
constitute the offense of cybercrime punishable under this
Act:
A. Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and
availability of computer data and systems:

Cybercrime Law
1. Illegal Access - the access to the whole or any part of a
computer system without right.

Cybercrime Law
2. Illegal Interception – The interception made by technical
means without right of any non-public transmission of
computer data to, from, or within a computer system
including electromagnetic emissions from a computer
system carrying such computer data.

Cybercrime Law
3. Data Interference. — The intentional or reckless
alteration, damaging, deletion or deterioration of
computer data, electronic document, or electronic data
message, without right, including the introduction or
transmission of viruses.

Cybercrime Law
4. System Interference. — The intentional alteration or
reckless hindering or interference with the functioning of
a computer or computer network by inputting,
transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering
or suppressing computer data or program, electronic
document, or electronic data message, without right or
authority, including the introduction or transmission of
viruses.

Cybercrime Law
5. Misuse of Devices.
I. The use, production, sale, procurement,
importation, distribution, or otherwise making
available, without right, of:
a) A device, including a computer program, designed or
adapted primarily for the purpose of committing any
of the offenses under this Act;

Cybercrime Law
I. The use, production, sale, procurement,
importation, distribution, or otherwise making
available, without right, of:
b) A computer password, access code, or similar data by
which the whole or any part of a computer system is
capable of being accessed with intent that it be used
for the purpose of committing any of the offenses
under this Act.

Cybercrime Law
II. The possession of an item referred to in
paragraphs 5(i)(a) or (b) above with intent to
use said devices for the purpose of committing
any of the offenses under this section.

Cybercrime Law
6. Cyber-squatting. – The acquisition of a domain name
over the internet in bad faith to profit, mislead, destroy
reputation, and deprive others from registering the
same, if such a domain name is:
I. Similar, identical, or confusingly similar to an existing
trademark registered with the appropriate government
agency at the time of the domain name registration:

Cybercrime Law
II. Identical or in any way similar with the name of a person
other than the registrant, in case of a personal name;

Cybercrime Law
III. Acquired without right or with intellectual property
interests in it.;

Cybercrime Law
B. Computer-related Offenses:
1. Computer-related Forgery.
I. The input, alteration, or deletion of any computer data
without right resulting in inauthentic data with the intent
that it be considered or acted upon for legal purposes as
if it were authentic, regardless whether or not the data is
directly readable and intelligible;

Cybercrime Law
1. Computer-related Forgery.
II. The act of knowingly using computer data which is the
product of computer-related forgery as defined herein,
for the purpose of perpetuating a fraudulent or dishonest
design.

Cybercrime Law
2. Computer-related Fraud - The unauthorized input, alteration,
or deletion of computer data or program or interference in the
functioning of a computer system, causing damage thereby with
fraudulent intent: Provided, that if no damage has yet been caused,
the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree lower.

Cybercrime Law
3. Computer-related Identity theft - The intentional acquisition,
use, misuse, transfer, possession, alteration or deletion of
identifying information belonging to another, whether natural or
juridical, without right: Provided, That if no damage has yet been
caused, the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree lower.

Cybercrime Law
C. Content-related Offenses:
1. Cybersex. — The willful engagement, maintenance,
control, or operation, directly or indirectly, of any
lascivious exhibition of sexual organs or sexual activity,
with the aid of a computer system, for favor or
consideration.

Cybercrime Law
2. Child Pornography. — The unlawful or prohibited acts
defined and punishable by Republic Act No. 9775 or
the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009, committed
through a computer system: Provided, That the penalty
to be imposed shall be (1) one degree higher than that
provided for in Republic Act No. 9775.

Cybercrime Law
3. Unsolicited Commercial Communications. — The
transmission of commercial electronic communication
with the use of computer system which seek to
advertise, sell, or offer for sale products and services.

Cybercrime Law
4. Libel. — The unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as
defined in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code, as
amended, committed through a computer system or
any other similar means which may be devised in the
future.

References
- Discovering Computers 2018, Misty E. Vermaat et. al.
- Cybernetics Morality and Law in Cyberspace, 2021, Richard A. Spinello
- Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, Sept 12, 2012, Officialgazette.gov.ph

Chapter 4_Information, Control, and Privacy.pptx

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