Chapter 4 - Introduction of International Standards
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This is the subject slides for the module MMS2401 - Multimedia System and Communication taught in Shepherd College of Media Technology, Affiliated with Purbanchal University.
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This is the subject slides for the module MMS2401 - Multimedia System and Communication taught in Shepherd College of Media Technology, Affiliated with Purbanchal University.
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This document discusses multimedia information representation and networking. It begins by defining multimedia as using text, graphics, video and sound simultaneously. It describes the different media types used in multimedia - text, images, audio and video. It discusses how these different media types are represented and transmitted digitally and compressed over networks. It also outlines several types of networks used for multimedia communications, including telephone networks, data networks, broadcast networks, integrated services digital networks and broadband networks.
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This is the subject slides for the module MMS2401 - Multimedia System and Communication taught in Shepherd College of Media Technology, Affiliated with Purbanchal University.
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A multimedia networking system allows for the data exchange of discrete and continuous media among computers.
This communication requires proper service and protocols for data transmission.
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This document provides an overview of multimedia services over IP networks and discusses two key protocols used: SIP and H.323. It describes the basics of SIP including session descriptions using SDP, message format, and session initiation. It also discusses SIP applications like IMS including requirements, protocols used, and architecture. For H.323, it outlines the network architecture including terminals, MCUs, gateways, and gatekeepers. It then describes the H.323 signaling protocols including RAS, H.225 call signaling, and H.245 call control.
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This document discusses multimedia over IP networks. It describes how IP is used to transport various types of media such as voice, video and messaging. It also discusses multimedia conferencing using tools like Adobe Connect and Polycom that allow interacting with people worldwide through video and audio. Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) are also described as protocols used for delivering multimedia over IP networks.
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This is the subject slides for the module MMS2401 - Multimedia System and Communication taught in Shepherd College of Media Technology, Affiliated with Purbanchal University.
Mis lecture 1 a
This document discusses multimedia information representation and networking. It begins by defining multimedia as using text, graphics, video and sound simultaneously. It describes the different media types used in multimedia - text, images, audio and video. It discusses how these different media types are represented and transmitted digitally and compressed over networks. It also outlines several types of networks used for multimedia communications, including telephone networks, data networks, broadcast networks, integrated services digital networks and broadband networks.
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Audio and its digitization
Video and its digitization
Bandwidth requirements
Multimedia transmission requirements
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This is the subject slides for the module MMS2401 - Multimedia System and Communication taught in Shepherd College of Media Technology, Affiliated with Purbanchal University.
Multimedia communication networks
A multimedia networking system allows for the data exchange of discrete and continuous media among computers.
This communication requires proper service and protocols for data transmission.
LAYERS: Provide a set of operations to the requesting application. Logically related services are grouped into layers according to the OSI layes.
PROTOCOL: A protocol consists of a set of rules which must be followed by peer layer instances during any communication between these two peers.
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simulation models are designed. Performance metrics such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS), average
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2. In this paper we analyze the different performance parameters, Recent research has focused on simulation studies with non- mobility scenarios to analyze different VoIP codecs with nodes up to 5. We have simulated the different VoIP codecs in non-mobility scenario with nodes up to 300.
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This document discusses and compares VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) and PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) networks. It provides details on the evolution and architecture of PSTN networks and how they facilitate voice communications. It also describes how IP networks were developed for higher speed data and internet access. While most telecom providers built separate networks for voice and data, some now offer VoIP over their IP networks. The document analyzes advantages and disadvantages of carrying voice calls over IP networks versus circuit-switched networks like PSTN. It argues that a mixed network approach using both is most cost effective and ensures quality for real-time communications like voice and video.
Ngn
The document discusses the Next Generation Network (NGN) initiative by some telecom operators to transition from circuit-switched to packet-switched voice networks. It argues that the NGN provides few technical benefits and will require large upfront costs to upgrade infrastructure. The primary beneficiaries would be manufacturers of new network equipment, as the existing infrastructure manufacturers would lose business. Overall, subscribers and telecom providers gain little while facing higher costs, while manufacturers of new equipment push the transition mainly to create new business opportunities. The relevance and need for such a large-scale transition, given its lack of clear benefits, is questioned.
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Presentation given by Aitor Sanchoyerto within called technical seminars: The future of telecommunications networks emergency.
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Network is on tremendous increase due its relief, non-invasive, economicexpansion, low maintenance cost, universal coverage and basic roaming capabilities. However, expansion Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) over Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a challenging task for many network specialist and engineers. Voice codec is one of the most critical components of a VoIP system. In this project, we evaluate
the performance analysis of various codecs such as G.711, G.723 and G.729 over Wi-Fi networks. NS2 WiFi
simulation models are designed. Performance metrics such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS), average
end-to-end latency, and disconcert are evaluated and discussed [13]. 1. In this paper, our area of interest is to compare and study the performance analysis of VoIP codecs in Non-mobility scenarios by changing some parameters and plotting the graphs throughput, End to end Delay, MOS, Packet delivery Ratio, and Jitter by using Network Simulator version.
2. In this paper we analyze the different performance parameters, Recent research has focused on simulation studies with non- mobility scenarios to analyze different VoIP codecs with nodes up to 5. We have simulated the different VoIP codecs in non-mobility scenario with nodes up to 300.
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3 g technology
3G is the third generation of wireless technologies providing enhanced capabilities over previous generations like high-speed data transmission and advanced multimedia access globally. 3G standards allow for peak data rates of at least 200 Kbit/s and provide broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones. The 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) defines the evolution of networks from GSM to UMTS and an all-IP network, introducing new releases that add 3G radios, soft switches, and IP Multimedia services. 3GPP also defines the location services architecture used for locating 3G mobile users.
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This document discusses various topics related to internet and intranet applications including email, internet protocols, multimedia broadcasting, internet relay chat, broadband communication technologies, data centers, e-commerce, and unified messaging. It provides details on email formats, protocols like POP3, IMAP, MAPI. It also explains technologies like DSL, cable internet, VOIP, and protocols like IRC, SIP, and RTP. Further, it summarizes concepts of data warehousing, packet clearing houses, and benefits of unified messaging and e-commerce.
Evolution towards tetra+lte teltronic june2014 pub
Presentation given by Alfredo Calderón within called technical seminars: The future of telecommunications networks emergency.
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This document discusses the evolution of TETRA technology towards a 4G broadband standard called TETRA 3. It proposes that TETRA 3 should be based on LTE but refined for mission critical use with features like secure encryption, high availability, and support for group communications. The document outlines requirements for TETRA 3 such as harmonized broadband spectrum of at least 2x5 MHz, reuse of LTE infrastructure interfaces, new encryption algorithms, and a standardized control room API. It argues that TETRA 3 needs to support migration from existing TETRA 1 and TETRA 2 networks and should be globally harmonized while allowing interworking with other professional mobile radio standards.
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Multimedia
This presentation provides information on Multimedia and also enlightens us about Features of Multimedia
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MMS2401 - Multimedia system and Communication Notes
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Chapter 02 multimedia systems hardware and software
Chapter 02 multimedia systems hardware and software
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QuickTime and MPEG-4: Now Featuring H.264
H.264 video is now included in the MPEG-4 standard, providing high quality video in small file sizes. This revolutionizes applications using video like mobile media and video conferencing. MPEG-4 aims to deliver audio and video seamlessly across networks and devices from phones to TVs. It is based on the proven QuickTime file format for its flexibility and ability to support different media types over time through track types. The inclusion of H.264 in MPEG-4 significantly improves video compression efficiency over prior standards.
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The document discusses several media standards organizations and their work developing standards for digital media ecosystems. It summarizes the goals and activities of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), DVD Forum, Advanced Authoring Format (AAF), and World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Timed Text Working Group in standardizing video codecs, DVD formats, file exchange formats, and timed text/captioning respectively.
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This document summarizes a master's thesis on developing a network service infrastructure for transcoding multimedia streams. The infrastructure includes a service broker that selects appropriate transcoders to convert media streams between different formats based on the source, client capabilities, and available bandwidth. The architecture features service brokering to select transcoders and service chaining to establish connections between servers, transcoders, and clients. The implementation resulted in transcoding test streams to formats matching various client bandwidths.
Audio and video streaming
Check out how does Audio and video streaming work in technology, advantages drawbacks type conversation and more.
New coding techniques, standardisation, and quality metrics
These are the set of slides I presented during a keynote presentation at an event organized by FUB in Italy on November 2008.
Audio formats for phones
Audio file formats for phone systems include PCM (.wav), ADPCM (.wav), Dialogic ADPCM (.vox), G.711 u-law (.wav), MP3 (.mp3), G.729, G.722, G.722.1, and Opus. Key factors that differentiate formats are encoding method, bit depth, sampling rate, bandwidth usage, and support for wideband audio. PCM, G.711 u-law, and ADPCM are common narrowband formats, while G.722, G.722.1 and Opus can provide higher quality wideband audio. System compatibility determines which formats are appropriate.
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The document discusses Android's multimedia framework. It describes key concepts like codecs, file formats, and standards like MPEG. It outlines Android's initial OpenCORE multimedia framework and how it was later replaced by Stagefright. Both frameworks use OpenMAX to interface with codecs and leverage hardware acceleration. The frameworks handle container parsing, decoding, synchronization and output of audio and video streams.
Slide
The document provides an introduction and overview of transcoding including:
- Transcoding converts media formats to facilitate distribution across different platforms and ecosystems.
- Codecs, profiles, containers, and platforms are key terminology. H.264 is a widely used and patented codec.
- Formats combine containers and codecs with parameters for playback.
- Transcoding allows content to be optimized and customized for different destinations and viewer requirements.
Streaming Overview Final.ppt
This document provides an overview of audio and video streaming. It discusses audio file formats like WAV and compressed formats. It describes audio streaming concepts like digitization and compression. Common audio streaming applications and formats like MP3, WMA, and RealAudio are covered. Popular streaming software products from Microsoft like Windows Media and RealNetworks like RealProducer are compared. Video streaming topics like codecs, formats, and products are also summarized.
Streaming Overview Final.ppt
This document provides an overview of audio and video streaming. It discusses audio file formats like WAV and compressed formats. It describes audio streaming concepts like digitization and compression. Common audio streaming applications and formats like MP3, WMA, and RealAudio are also covered. The document then discusses video streaming objectives, architectures involving capture, compression and delivery. Popular streaming products from Microsoft like Windows Media and RealNetworks like RealPlayer are compared.
Streaming Overview Final.ppt
This document provides an overview of audio and video streaming. It discusses audio file formats like WAV and compressed formats. It describes audio streaming concepts like digitization and compression. Common audio streaming applications and formats like MP3, WMA, and RealAudio are covered. Popular streaming software products from Microsoft like Windows Media and RealNetworks are compared, along with their features and advantages. Video streaming is also summarized, including codecs, formats, and demonstrations of streaming with software tools.
Streaming Overview Final.ppt
The document provides an overview of audio and video streaming. It discusses audio file formats like WAV, audio streaming concepts involving digitizing audio into PCM format and compressing it, and advantages of audio streaming like low bandwidth. It also covers common audio streaming applications and formats like MP3, streaming products from Microsoft and RealNetworks, and provides a comparison of their features. For video streaming, it discusses objectives, architecture involving capture, compression and delivery, common formats like AVI and ASF, and codec standards like MPEG. It demonstrates streaming audio and video using software tools.
09a video compstream_intro_trd_23-nov-2005v0_2
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2) It outlines objectives to develop versatile encoder and decoder architectures, efficient compression algorithms, and new concepts for adaptive streaming over IP networks.
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Hw2
The document introduces several MPEG standards for audio and video compression and transmission, including MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-7, and MPEG-21. MPEG-1 was the first standard and defines lossy compression for video and audio. It became the most widely compatible format for these media. MPEG-2 built upon MPEG-1 and is used widely for digital television and DVD formats. MPEG-4 added new features like 3D rendering and interactivity. MPEG-7 defined standards for multimedia content description and MPEG-21 aims to define an open framework for multimedia applications and digital rights management.
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Audio and Video streaming.ppt
This document provides an overview of audio and video streaming. It discusses audio and video file formats, streaming concepts and architectures, popular streaming software like Windows Media Technologies and RealNetworks, and demonstrations of using software to stream and play audio and video files. Key topics covered include audio/video compression, streaming advantages, applications, and products for streaming audio and video over the internet and networks.
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Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
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● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
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For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
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واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Chapter 4 - Introduction of International Standards
- 1. Chapter 4 Introduction of International Standards -PRATIK MAN SINGH PRADHAN (WWW.PMSPRATIK.COM.NP)- MMS2401 – MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS & COMMUNICATIONS (3 CREDITS)
- 2. International Multimedia Standards Modern multimedia devices are designed to support almost every kind of multimedia data out their. They are mostly in form of audio and video. As multimedia content creators we are to follow the set standards according to the target audience we choose.
- 3. Sound Standards Architectural Standards Mono Stereo 2.1 5.1 (Surround Sound) 7.1 (Surround Sound) Format Standards WAV AIFF PCM MP3 AAC Ogg Vorbis WMA M4A
- 4. Video Standards Architectural Standards Mobile SD HD (Level 1, Level 2, Level 3) UHD Interlaced/Progressive Format Standard MPEG MPEG2 MPEG4 H.264 WebM FLV F4V Ogg Theora GIF M4V 3GP
- 5. Reasons for why International Standards are Important Better compatibility Follow current trend and demand Wider reach Better sharing ability Keeping up with the market