Chapter 33
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This document summarizes various vascular disorders including arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disorders like Raynaud's disease, thrombosis, varicose veins, aneurysms, and their associated signs and symptoms, diagnostic findings, and medical, surgical, and nursing management. Risk factors, assessment findings, complications, and nursing diagnoses are discussed for each condition. Treatment includes medications, lifestyle changes, procedures like angioplasty and bypass surgery, and nursing focuses on monitoring, education, and wound or pain management.
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Chapter 33
- 1. CHAPTER 33 Vascular Disorders Aubrey Gynn Gumapac
- 21. Thank You For Listening!
Editor's Notes
- they affect many blood vessels that supply body organs and tissue.they even contribute to several disorders such as MI,CVA, RENAL FAILURE.
- CAD may result in angina pectoris, due to inadequate supply of oxygen in the myocardium. Death of heart muscle does not accompany angina.
- Acrus senilis- opaque white ring about the periphery of cornea Xanthelisma- yellow plaque on the skin of the upper lower eyelids. Poteins transport lipids in the blood. LDL- bad c. because it sticks to arteries. HDL- it carries fats to the liver for removal. Cardiac risk can be estimated by dividing the TSC level by HDL level; a result greater than 5 suggest a potential for CAD. Apolipoproteins-low or absent among clients genetically prone to hyperlipidemia ECG- ST segemnt depression Coronary arteriography- shows narrowing of one or two C arteries Electron- beam computed tomography- detects calcified plaques in 1 or more CA in asymptomatic clients
- Nitrates- helps dilates artery Beta adrenergic blocking agents- dec. consumption of O2 by reducing heart rate Calcium channel blocking agents- Antibiotic – Azithromycin Nicotinic acids- niacin - helps inc. HDL and lower LDL Vit. B 6 and B 12 - Aspirin Percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty (PTCA)- baloon angioplasty use to compress the artherosclerotic plaque against the arterial wall. Coronary Stent-a smaal metal coil with meshlike openings placed in the coronary artery during PTCA. Atherectomy- removal of fatty plaque 4 types 1. Directional Coronary Atherectomy-shaves the plaque from the arterial wall and stores it in the catheter 2. Transluminal extraction- uses cardiac cath. With spinning blade 3. Percutaneous transluminal Cath.- uses rotating bur that spins at 200, 000 rev. per min. 4. Laser angioplasty- uses short pulses of light that vaporize plaque without creating heat.
- Coronary Thrombosis – clot in the coronary artery Once an area of myocardium has been damaged cells in the area lose their special function.thus dysrhytmias and heart failure is the common consequences. Dysrhythmias Cardiogenic shock Ventricular rupture Ventricular aneurysm Arterial embolism Venous thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism Pericarditis Mitral insufficiency
- the only diff.is that the pain cant be relieve with rest
- RAYNAUDS DISEASE- coomon in young women. Most coomon site nose, ears, chin , toes,. Spasm last 15 min. And cause temp. ischemia of the tisue. Laboratory examination- to rule out accompanying tissue disorder. S& Sx Can be relieve by putting the handds in a warm water.
- Uses stocking except when lying helps maintain 40 mmHg venous pressure
- Anything that interferes with venous return .
- Vein ligation- affected veins are tied off. Vein stripping- ligated veins are severed and removed. The Great saphenous veins may be removed.
- Most common anuerysm in the aorta. Most aneurysm enlarge untill rupture. Loss of arterial blood volume may lead to shock and death. Some teras blood into sorrounding cavities, like the thorax ao abdomen.