Conference presented at the 95th Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America. Wilmington NC
Symposium - Breeding for Sustainable Production in a Changing Climate Understanding the Physiological Basis of Genetic and Environmental Interactions
GW Group Technical forestry report astronium Costa Rica GW Group
This is a technical forestry report prepared by the GW Group in specific relation to the establishment of Astronium tree crops in Costa Rica.
The GW Group has substantial forestry investments both in Brazil and Canada and has quickly grown to become a substantial investor within the Brazilian and Canadian forestry and agricultural markets.
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Andrew Paterson (University of Georgia) looking at the characteristics of different varieties of sorghum and research focused on this perennial crop. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
Abstract
More than 300m people below the poverty line in developing countries depend on root, tuber and banana crops for food and income, particularly in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB) is working globally to harness the untapped potential of those crops in order to improve food security, nutrition, income, and climate change and variability resilience of smallholder production systems. RTB is changing the way research centres work and collaborate, creating a more cohesive and multidisciplinary approach to common challenges and goals through knowledge sharing, multidirectional communications, communities of practice, and crosscutting initiatives. Participating centres work with an array of national and international institutions, non-governmental organisations, and stakeholders’ groups. RTB aims to promote greater cooperation among them while strengthening their capacities as key players. Because the impact of RTB research is highly dependent on its adoption by users, the programme’s research options are designed and developed together with partners, clients, and other stakeholders, and are informed by their needs and preferences. Climate change will have multiple impacts on poverty and vulnerability. Recent studies by the World Bank suggest that one of the most significant routes for this impact will be through increased food prices, which may undo progress in poverty reduction and will make achieving Sustainable Development Goals increasingly difficult. This underlines the urgency of investment in mid- to long-term strategic research to improve climate resilience. The presentation looks at progress in understanding the current trends and forecasting the changes that may occur to guide research; it examines some of the critical issues that will face potato and sweetpotato farmers; and ends with a plea for climate-smart research and breeding. And though this includes many of the things we already do, we need to do them faster, better, and smarter.
GW Group Technical forestry report astronium Costa Rica GW Group
This is a technical forestry report prepared by the GW Group in specific relation to the establishment of Astronium tree crops in Costa Rica.
The GW Group has substantial forestry investments both in Brazil and Canada and has quickly grown to become a substantial investor within the Brazilian and Canadian forestry and agricultural markets.
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Andrew Paterson (University of Georgia) looking at the characteristics of different varieties of sorghum and research focused on this perennial crop. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
Abstract
More than 300m people below the poverty line in developing countries depend on root, tuber and banana crops for food and income, particularly in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB) is working globally to harness the untapped potential of those crops in order to improve food security, nutrition, income, and climate change and variability resilience of smallholder production systems. RTB is changing the way research centres work and collaborate, creating a more cohesive and multidisciplinary approach to common challenges and goals through knowledge sharing, multidirectional communications, communities of practice, and crosscutting initiatives. Participating centres work with an array of national and international institutions, non-governmental organisations, and stakeholders’ groups. RTB aims to promote greater cooperation among them while strengthening their capacities as key players. Because the impact of RTB research is highly dependent on its adoption by users, the programme’s research options are designed and developed together with partners, clients, and other stakeholders, and are informed by their needs and preferences. Climate change will have multiple impacts on poverty and vulnerability. Recent studies by the World Bank suggest that one of the most significant routes for this impact will be through increased food prices, which may undo progress in poverty reduction and will make achieving Sustainable Development Goals increasingly difficult. This underlines the urgency of investment in mid- to long-term strategic research to improve climate resilience. The presentation looks at progress in understanding the current trends and forecasting the changes that may occur to guide research; it examines some of the critical issues that will face potato and sweetpotato farmers; and ends with a plea for climate-smart research and breeding. And though this includes many of the things we already do, we need to do them faster, better, and smarter.
Delivery of Hydrologic and Microbial Services by Shrub Rhizospheres to Increase Crop productivity and Stability in the Sahel. Shrubs do hydraulic lift – during night when photosynthesis stops – but water keeps moving up through roots because of low water potential in surface and high water potential in subsoil – so water moves passively through roots because of the structure of roots facilitates faster movement of water then through the soils.
Dr. Warren Dick - Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962John Blue
Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962 - Dr. Warren Dick, OSU-OARDC (retired), from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
Selection of Drought Tolerant Mutant of Amaranthus Cruentus L. in Green HousePremier Publishers
Water deficit is one of the significant environmental factors limiting plant production. This stress occurs during drought period. The aim of this study was to select gamma irradiation-induced drought tolerant mutant drought lines during vegetative stage. Seeds of the reference cultivar were gamma irradiated using the gamma irradiated facility at the IAEA to induce genetic variation. Four selected lines based on their high biomass (L2, L17, L18 and L23) and the reference cultivar (L0) were grown under four irrigation frequencies: 2, 4, 8 and 12 days with 200 ml as standard water regime for 24 days after transplanting. Completely randomized block design with 3 repetitions was applied. Data related to Relative Plant Height Growth, Relative Leaf Number Growth, Relative Shoot Fresh Mass Growth and Relative Root Length Growth were determined. The results indicated a significant effect of water deficit on all considered parameters by limiting the growth. Reduction observed were less accentuated in lines L2. Line L2 showed a significant difference for root growth indicating the adaptability of drought. Based on drought tolerant index, L2 was the most tolerant. At this stage, lines L2 appeared to be the most promising for the creation of new drought-tolerant amaranth varieties.
Selection of Drought Tolerant Mutant of Amaranthus Cruentus L. in Green HousePremier Publishers
Water deficit is one of the significant environmental factors limiting plant production. This stress occurs during drought period. The aim of this study was to select gamma irradiation-induced drought tolerant mutant drought lines during vegetative stage. Seeds of the reference cultivar were gamma irradiated using the gamma irradiated facility at the IAEA to induce genetic variation. Four selected lines based on their high biomass (L2, L17, L18 and L23) and the reference cultivar (L0) were grown under four irrigation frequencies: 2, 4, 8 and 12 days with 200 ml as standard water regime for 24 days after transplanting. Completely randomized block design with 3 repetitions was applied. Data related to Relative Plant Height Growth, Relative Leaf Number Growth, Relative Shoot Fresh Mass Growth and Relative Root Length Growth were determined. The results indicated a significant effect of water deficit on all considered parameters by limiting the growth. Reduction observed were less accentuated in lines L2. Line L2 showed a significant difference for root growth indicating the adaptability of drought. Based on drought tolerant index, L2 was the most tolerant. At this stage, lines L2 appeared to be the most promising for the creation of new drought-tolerant amaranth varieties.
Dr. John Grove - Fifty Years Of No-till Research In KentuckyJohn Blue
Fifty Years Of No-till Research In Kentucky - Dr. John Grove, Univerity of Kentucky, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Alan Sundermeier and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar - Soil biological Response to BMPs John Blue
Soil biological Response to BMPs - Alan Sundermeier, OSU Extension, and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar, USDA-ARS, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Managing vegetation for multiple benefit outcomes – Diagnosis and Prognosis Richard Thackway
A framework for evaluating changes in extent and condition of woody native vegetation communities in the Murray Darling Basin. An approach for developing scenarios for future landscape transformation to enhance native vegetation communities
Dr. Christine Sprunger - The role that roots play in building soil organic ma...John Blue
The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health - Dr. Christine Sprunger, OSU - SENR, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Impact of climate change on crop growth and productivity.pptMadhanaKeerthanaS
Climate change is a significant and lanting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to million of years.
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that plays a major part in shaping the earth’s climate.
Introduction
Causes of Climate Change
Global warming
GHG concentrations
Future Projections of Climate Change
Physical Impact
Biological Impact
Agrobiological Impact
Impact of Climate change on soil
Effect of elevated CO2 in plant growth and development
Effect of high temperature on crop growth and development
Interaction effect of high temperature and CO2 on crop yield
Impact of drought stress on crop growth and yield
Technologies related to adaptation to climate change
Case study
Delivery of Hydrologic and Microbial Services by Shrub Rhizospheres to Increase Crop productivity and Stability in the Sahel. Shrubs do hydraulic lift – during night when photosynthesis stops – but water keeps moving up through roots because of low water potential in surface and high water potential in subsoil – so water moves passively through roots because of the structure of roots facilitates faster movement of water then through the soils.
Dr. Warren Dick - Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962John Blue
Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962 - Dr. Warren Dick, OSU-OARDC (retired), from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
Selection of Drought Tolerant Mutant of Amaranthus Cruentus L. in Green HousePremier Publishers
Water deficit is one of the significant environmental factors limiting plant production. This stress occurs during drought period. The aim of this study was to select gamma irradiation-induced drought tolerant mutant drought lines during vegetative stage. Seeds of the reference cultivar were gamma irradiated using the gamma irradiated facility at the IAEA to induce genetic variation. Four selected lines based on their high biomass (L2, L17, L18 and L23) and the reference cultivar (L0) were grown under four irrigation frequencies: 2, 4, 8 and 12 days with 200 ml as standard water regime for 24 days after transplanting. Completely randomized block design with 3 repetitions was applied. Data related to Relative Plant Height Growth, Relative Leaf Number Growth, Relative Shoot Fresh Mass Growth and Relative Root Length Growth were determined. The results indicated a significant effect of water deficit on all considered parameters by limiting the growth. Reduction observed were less accentuated in lines L2. Line L2 showed a significant difference for root growth indicating the adaptability of drought. Based on drought tolerant index, L2 was the most tolerant. At this stage, lines L2 appeared to be the most promising for the creation of new drought-tolerant amaranth varieties.
Selection of Drought Tolerant Mutant of Amaranthus Cruentus L. in Green HousePremier Publishers
Water deficit is one of the significant environmental factors limiting plant production. This stress occurs during drought period. The aim of this study was to select gamma irradiation-induced drought tolerant mutant drought lines during vegetative stage. Seeds of the reference cultivar were gamma irradiated using the gamma irradiated facility at the IAEA to induce genetic variation. Four selected lines based on their high biomass (L2, L17, L18 and L23) and the reference cultivar (L0) were grown under four irrigation frequencies: 2, 4, 8 and 12 days with 200 ml as standard water regime for 24 days after transplanting. Completely randomized block design with 3 repetitions was applied. Data related to Relative Plant Height Growth, Relative Leaf Number Growth, Relative Shoot Fresh Mass Growth and Relative Root Length Growth were determined. The results indicated a significant effect of water deficit on all considered parameters by limiting the growth. Reduction observed were less accentuated in lines L2. Line L2 showed a significant difference for root growth indicating the adaptability of drought. Based on drought tolerant index, L2 was the most tolerant. At this stage, lines L2 appeared to be the most promising for the creation of new drought-tolerant amaranth varieties.
Dr. John Grove - Fifty Years Of No-till Research In KentuckyJohn Blue
Fifty Years Of No-till Research In Kentucky - Dr. John Grove, Univerity of Kentucky, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Alan Sundermeier and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar - Soil biological Response to BMPs John Blue
Soil biological Response to BMPs - Alan Sundermeier, OSU Extension, and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar, USDA-ARS, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Managing vegetation for multiple benefit outcomes – Diagnosis and Prognosis Richard Thackway
A framework for evaluating changes in extent and condition of woody native vegetation communities in the Murray Darling Basin. An approach for developing scenarios for future landscape transformation to enhance native vegetation communities
Dr. Christine Sprunger - The role that roots play in building soil organic ma...John Blue
The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health - Dr. Christine Sprunger, OSU - SENR, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Impact of climate change on crop growth and productivity.pptMadhanaKeerthanaS
Climate change is a significant and lanting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to million of years.
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that plays a major part in shaping the earth’s climate.
Introduction
Causes of Climate Change
Global warming
GHG concentrations
Future Projections of Climate Change
Physical Impact
Biological Impact
Agrobiological Impact
Impact of Climate change on soil
Effect of elevated CO2 in plant growth and development
Effect of high temperature on crop growth and development
Interaction effect of high temperature and CO2 on crop yield
Impact of drought stress on crop growth and yield
Technologies related to adaptation to climate change
Case study
Presentation made in CIP (Lima) on a vision for climate smart crops in 2030, focussing on potato. Presented in the Global Crop Diversity Trust and CIP organised meeting on "Expert consultation workshop on the use of crop wild relatives for pre-breeding in potato".
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
Climate Change and Agriculture: Change in Yields
in a global CGE MIRAGE-CC
Presented by David Laborde at the AGRODEP Workshop on Analytical Tools for Climate Change Analysis
June 6-7, 2011 • Dakar, Senegal
For more information on the workshop or to see the latest version of this presentation visit: http://www.agrodep.org/first-annual-workshop
Dr Glenn Fitzgerald, from Victoria's Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources explores the potential for opportunity in agriculture moving into an environment with increased carbon dioxide. He looks at different grain varieties and even invites us to see the view from an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Priorities for Public Sector Research on Food Security and Climate Change, Report presentation by Leslie Lipper, FAO and Philip Thornton, ILRI on April 12, 2013 at the Food Security Futures Conference in Dublin, Ireland.
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED.pptxSGowriShankar5
The Earth's climate has varied vastly in the history. Climate change is the change that can be attributed directly or laterally to mortal exertion that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over similar time ages. The climate sensitivity of agriculture is uncertain, as there is regional variation in rainfall, temperature, crops and cropping systems, soils and management practices. Increase in water and air pollution causing migration of birds and animals as well as decrease in drinking water availability. So, Changes occurred in flowering and fruiting time of crops causing scarcity of fodder in area was affected most impact on Climate Change. The crop losses may increase if the predicted climate change increases the climate variability. Climate change will have its impact on the particulars like Vulnerability to Extreme Events, Impacts on Coastal Areas, Impacts on Biodiversity, Impacts on Pest, Impact of Climate Change on Disease and Crop Loss. The intermittent famines hang seriously the livelihood of billions of people who depend on land for utmost of their requirements. Among the greenhouse effects, CO2 is the predominant gas leading to global warming as it traps long surge radiation and emits it back to the earth surface. The global warming is nothing but heating of surface atmosphere due to emission of greenhouse gases, thereby increasing global atmospheric temperature over a long period of time. There is strong evidence of increase in average global air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising of average global sea levels. The policies and the mission should ensure the Sustainability of the agricultural development. The need of the hour is strengthening the agricultural policies and programme to address the issues related to impact of climate change.
Keyword: Climate change, Global warming, Impact in Agriculture.
Basic discussions on how Plant breeding approaches and biotechnology can improve plant characters for increasing efficiency of conversion for bioenergy production
Similar to Challenges to sustainable potato production in a changing climate: A research perspective (20)
Dr Dindo Campilan
Enhancing Famers' Capacity to Link with Markets
Crawford Fund Annual Parliamentary Conferences
Conference 2011. The Supermarket Revolution in Food
International Society for Tropical Root Crops (ISTRC). Tropical roots and tubers in a changing climate: A critical opportunity for the world, program and abstracts of papers. Lima (Peru). International Potato Center (CIP); ISTRC; Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM). 2009. p. 170. AP(SB 209 I59.4 2009) (AN=72635)
Study performed to explore the possibility to increase the production of high quality potato seed (HQS) through massive production with Aeroponics in Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda - Kenya case study
Este libro fue concebido para celebrar dos importantes eventos: la firma del acuerdo en el cual se le otorgó al Centro Internacional de la Papa pleno estatus legal internacional, en noviembre de 1999, y la renovación del acuerdo por el cual el Perú hospeda al Centro, en marzo del 2000.
El propósito es brindar al lector una mayor comprensión acerca de la riqueza de las tradiciones en torno a la papa en su lugar de origen; su intrépido viaje a nuevos hogares en África, las Américas, Asia y Europa, y su enorme potencial para enfrentar las necesidades humanas en las décadas futuras.
Wolfgang Gruneberg
Biofortified Sweetpotato Available Material, Advances, and Selection Limits
Reuión anual de socios y colaboradores de AgroSalud / 2009
M. Bonierbale, E. Mihovilovich, W. Amoros, J. Landeo and M. Orrillo
Sustaining and Projecting Genetic Diversity for Potatoes Adapted To Changing Environments
14th Australasian Plant Breeding and 11th SABRAO Conference, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10-14 August 2009
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Challenges to sustainable potato production in a changing climate: A research perspective
1. Challenges to sustainable potato production
in a changing climate: A research
perspective
R. Quiroz, A. Posadas, C. Yarlequé, H. Heidinger, C. Barreda, R. Raymundo, C.
Gavilán, M. Carbajal, H. Loayza, H. Tonnang, J. Kroschel, G. Forbes, and S. De
Haan.
Centro Internacional de la Papa
August 15th 2011
Conference presented at the 95th Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America. Wilmington NC
Symposium - Breeding for Sustainable Production in a Changing Climate
Understanding the Physiological Basis of Genetic and Environmental Interactions
2. Contents
• Potato in variable environments
• CC-Potato – Literature findings
• Summary of perceived research gaps
• Addressing research gaps at CIP
• Farmers adaptation strategies in the
Andes and tradeoffs
10. It is about climate change w/o
forgetting climate variability
11. The concentration of
GHGs is rising
Long-term implications
for the climate and for
crop suitability
12. Areas where maximum temperature during the primary growing season
is currently < 30°C but will flip to > 30°C by 2050
Areas where rainfall per day decreases by 10 % or more between 2000 and 2050.
13. DIRECT EFFECTS:
elevated levels of Carbon dioxide on potato
crops
Leaf Processes Increased CO2
Photosynthetic rate •When exposed for a short period -
substantial increment
•Down regulation when grown continuously
in elevated CO2
Stomatal conductance •Decreases at elevated CO2
•Expected to increase WUE
Leaf Protein, •Contradictory responses, probably
associated to cultivar differences
Chlorophyll content
Starch / CHO content •Increases with long-term exposure to
elevated CO2
14. Effect of elevated levels of Carbon dioxide on
potato crops
Process Increased CO2
Changes in plant growth •Stimulates both above- and below-ground
biomass (early growing season)
and development •Period of active plant growth ends
prematurely
•Senescence begins earlier
•Limited growth rates towards the end of
growing season
Effects on crop yield •Tuber yield stimulated and magnitude
varies with cultivar and growing conditions
•Increase number of tubers
Effects on tuber quality •Increased tuber DM & starch content
•Reduced tuber N and glycoalkaloid
content
15. Effect of elevated Temperature on potato crops
•Elevated temperatures seems to reduce tuber initiation
•Temperature above the desired ones reduce the photosynthetic efficiency, thus
reducing potato growth
•High temperature may also reduce the ability of the plant to translocate
photosynthates to the tuber
•Elevated temperature increases DM partitioning to stems but reduces root,
stolon, tuber and total DM and total tuber number
•Offset the CO2 fertilization effect
16. INDIRECT EFFECT: potato pests and diseases
Baseline w/o crop protection 75 % of
potato production today would be
lost to pests
Major factors likely to •increased CO2,
influence plant disease •heavy and unseasonal rains,
severity and spread •increased humidity, droughts
and hurricanes,
•warmer winter temperatures
17. Changes in the •alterations in the geographical distribution of
climate are expected species,
to produce •increase overwintering,
•changes in population growth rates,
•increase the number of generations per
season,
•extension of the development season,
•changes in crop-pest synchrony,
•increase risk of invasion by migration pests,
•may cause the appearance of new
thermophilic species,
•changes in the physiology of
pathogens/insects and host plants,
•changes in host plants resistance to
infection/infestation,
•critical temperature/infection threshold,
•modification of pathogen aggressiveness
and/or host susceptibility
18. Knowledge gaps and research priorities:
Experimental analyses and model simulation to quantify:
- Effect of increasing CO2 on crops other than cereals, including
those of importance to the rural poor (e.g. local potato cultivars)
- Interaction between crop yields and other factors of production
(pests, diseases, weeds, etc.) under climate change conditions
- Impact of climate extreme events on crop yields
Reduce and quantify uncertainties of future prediction:
- Generate reliable data to test GCMs through hindcasting
- Improve the spatial resolution of climate predictions
Develop tools to evaluate adaptation strategies at different
spatial levels (cropping, farm, region)
- Link climate-pathogens-hosts interactions across scales
Evaluate actual applicability of adaptation strategies:
- Quality of seeds
- Cost and benefits (economic, social, environmental)
- Role of new technology (e.g. biotechnologies, fertilizers, etc.)
- Tradeoffs analyses
19. CIP advances on potato modeling
S. Tuberosum - tuberosum - andigena S. Ajanhuiri S. juzepczukii
Light
Light
Interception
LUE (—)
DM
PAR
Photosynthetic
Apparatus
Kg DM.ha¨¹.d ¨¹ T GC LAI
Light Reflectance
Tubers
Roots Stems Leaves
27. 20th Century Climate Change in Tropical Andes
Variable Assessment
Temperature Average warming of 0.09–0.15
◦C decade−1; western
slopes>highlands>eastern slopes
Relative humidity (near Increased 0 – 2.5 % decade−1;
surface levels)
Precipitation Little change in the latter half of
20th Century. Some increments in
Ecuador, NW Argentina and
Bolivian lowlands
Source: Vuille et al., 2003
29. Late Blight (LB)
Warmer temperatures with
some humidity in higher
grounds will increase the
presence of potato late blight.
High incidence of LB in the
future (2050) above 3000
masl (highlighted in the map)
where it is virtually absent
today
30. Potato tuber moth (PTM)
PTM is actually present in
interandean valleys and the
coastal areas of the Andes
PTM is expected to climb as
well due to climate change
31. 60
45
Potato species
30
Solanum juzepczukii (juz)
15 Solanum tuberosum ssp. Andigena (and)
Solanum tuberosum ssp. Tuberosum (tub)
0
50 A B C
Solanum phureja (phu)
Solanum acaule (acl)
40
30
Cultivar and progenitors
20
10 (A) Luki
0 juz 100%
A B C (B) Gendarme
50
and 100%
40
(C) Sajama
30 Hybrid
20 and: 25%
tub: 50%
10
50
phu: 12.5%
0 acl 12.5%
40 A B C
30
20
50 Period
10
40
0
1965-1975
30
A B C 1976-1985
20
10
1986-1995
0
B C
1996-2005
A B C
32. As temperature and presence of pest increase in the
Andes Potatoes are planted in higher grounds
1975:
(4000-4150msnm)
2005:
(4150-4300msnm)
S. De Haan & H. Juarez, CIP (2008)
33. Putting pieces together for a hypothetical example:
Changes in potential potato (improved and native) in Peru: 2000-2050
37. Potential loss of soil carbon stocks due to cropping
peatlands and grasslands in Peru & Bolivia
Peatlands to potato
350
300
Gigagrams (10x9)
250
200
150
100
50
0
2000 Scenarios 2050
Bolivia Peru
Grasslands to potato
12000
10000
Gigagrams (10x9)
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
2000 Scenarios 2050
Bolivia Peru
38. The challenge
(Climate smart agriculture)
Potato agriculture that sustainably increases productivity, resilience
(adaptation), reduces/removes greenhouse gases (mitigation), and
enhances achievement of national food security and development
goals.