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Myers’  EXPLORING   PSYCHOLOGY   (6th Ed) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Learning ,[object Object],[object Object]
Association ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Association ,[object Object],Event 1 Event 2 Sea snail associates splash with a tail shock Seal learns to expect a snack for its showy antics
Classical or Pavlovian Conditioning ,[object Object]
Operant Conditioning ,[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pavlov’s Classic Experiment Before Conditioning During Conditioning After Conditioning UCS (food in mouth) Neutral stimulus (tone) No salivation UCR  (salivation) Neutral stimulus (tone) UCS (food in mouth) UCR (salivation) CS (tone) CR (salivation)
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Behaviorism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning UCS (passionate  kiss) UCR (sexual arousal) CS (onion breath) CS (onion  breath) CR (sexual arousal) UCS (passionate  Kiss) UCR (sexual arousal)
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning Strength of CR Pause Acquisition (CS+UCS) Extinction (CS alone) Extinction (CS alone) Spontaneous recovery of CR
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classical Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object]
Generalization Drops of saliva in 30 seconds 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Hind paw Pelvis Shoulder Front paw Thigh Trunk Foreleg Part of body stimulated
Nausea Conditioning in Cancer Patients UCS (drug) UCR (nausea) CS (waiting  room) CS (waiting room) CR (nausea) UCS (drug) UCR (nausea)
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant Chamber ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant Conditioning
Principles of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schedules of Reinforcement Variable Interval Number of  responses 1000 750 500 250 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time (minutes) Fixed Ratio Variable Ratio Fixed Interval Steady responding Rapid responding near time for reinforcement 80
Punishment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Punishment
Cognition and Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cognition and Operant Conditioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operant vs. Classical Conditioning
Observational Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observational Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observational Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observational Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observational Learning ,[object Object]
Television and Observational Learning

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Ch7

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. Pavlov’s Classic Experiment Before Conditioning During Conditioning After Conditioning UCS (food in mouth) Neutral stimulus (tone) No salivation UCR (salivation) Neutral stimulus (tone) UCS (food in mouth) UCR (salivation) CS (tone) CR (salivation)
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Classical Conditioning UCS (passionate kiss) UCR (sexual arousal) CS (onion breath) CS (onion breath) CR (sexual arousal) UCS (passionate Kiss) UCR (sexual arousal)
  • 16.
  • 17. Classical Conditioning Strength of CR Pause Acquisition (CS+UCS) Extinction (CS alone) Extinction (CS alone) Spontaneous recovery of CR
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20. Generalization Drops of saliva in 30 seconds 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Hind paw Pelvis Shoulder Front paw Thigh Trunk Foreleg Part of body stimulated
  • 21. Nausea Conditioning in Cancer Patients UCS (drug) UCR (nausea) CS (waiting room) CS (waiting room) CR (nausea) UCS (drug) UCR (nausea)
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35. Schedules of Reinforcement Variable Interval Number of responses 1000 750 500 250 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time (minutes) Fixed Ratio Variable Ratio Fixed Interval Steady responding Rapid responding near time for reinforcement 80
  • 36.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. Operant vs. Classical Conditioning
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.