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Lesson
1
Copper
TubingThe tubing is considered
the vital part of the
refrigeration system.
Most common
materials in the
refrigeration
piping circuit.
Copper
Tubing
Copper
TubingUsed to connect
the major parts
of the
refrigeration
system.
Copper
TubingMost copper
tubing is available
from 1/8 inch to
¾ inch of a
diameter.
Copper
TubingThe end are capped
or plugged to keep
the inside of the
tubing clean and
dry.
Copper
TubingAvailable in 3 Types:
Type k
Type l
Type m
Type k:
Used for
heavy duty
purpose
because of its
thick wall.
Type l:
Used for six
interior plumbing
and heating. It is
the common
types used in
HVAC system.
Type m:
Used for
light duty
work.
Soft
Copper
Soft
Copper
Used in domestic
and some commercial
refrigeration and air
conditioning work.
Being bendable, this
tubing must be
supported by
suitable brackets or
clamp in installation.
It is sold in rolls
of 1, 35, and
50 ft long.
Hard drawn
Copper
Hard drawn
Copper
Used in commercial
refrigeration and
air conditioning
applications.
Being hard and
stiff, it needs few
clamps to support
it in installation.
It should not be bent
so use straight lengths
and fitting to form
the necessary tube
connection.
Its joints should
be silver brazed
to eliminate
leaks.
SteelSteel tubing
A thin wall tubing
used in refrigeration
and air conditioning
work.
Its size is
practically the
same as that of
copper tubing.
Connections may be
made on steel tubing
by using either flare
joints or silver brazed
joints.
Stainless
Steel
Stainless
Steel
A strong type of
tubing that is
very resistant to
corrosion.
It is easily connected
to fitting by either
flaring or brazing
because of
this qualities.
Often required in food
processing, ice, oven,
manufacture, milk
handling system, and
similar works.
PlasticPlastic
One of the most
common substances
used in the
manufacture of
plastic tubing.
The usual safe temperature is
from 100 degrees centigrade
(oC) to +175 (oC) you
should never use this tubing
where fluid temperature goes
beyond this limit.
Not used in
refrigerating mechanism
but in cold water lines
in water cooled
condensers.
Flexible
Tubing(ho
Flexible
Tubing(ho
Commonly used in
many refrigeration
system and in
commercial air
conditioning application.
It serves to
prevent
vibration in the
mechanism.
A motor vehicle
requires the use of
flexible tubing since
the vehicle is always
moving.
Aluminum
tubing
Aluminum
tubing
Usually used for
evaporating units in air
conditioning for
home and auto-mobile.
It is used for
evaporator (freezer)
of the domestic
refrigerators.
fittings
A device used to
connect tubes of
different widths
and lengths.
Flaring
Tube
Flaring
Tube
Used in flared
type connection
to attach fittings
in copper tubing.
There are many
different fittings
which are hexagonal in
shape for wrench
attachment.
These threaded
fittings must be
carefully handled to
prevent damage.
All fittings
Used are based
on the tubing
size.
Common FlareType
Fittingsused in refrigerationand
airconditioningworks
Common FlareType
Fittingsused in refrigerationand
airconditioningworks
Flare tee
fitting
Flare
union
coupling
Flared
Half-union
coupling
Flared
90
Flare
nut
Flare
cap
Flare
plug
Flare
Hose
Flare
Hose
This includes
assorted nylon
fittings suitable to
refrigerant hoses.
Examples of
Flare Hose Fitting
Examples of
Flare Hose Fitting
Coupling
straight
male 45
flare screw-on
Coupling
straight
male push-on
barb type
Reusable with o-ring
Coupling
straight
male 45 flare
Permanent
crimped-on non-
Coupling
90 male
push-on barb-
type
Coupling
straight
male 45
flare push-on
Soldered or
Brazedtube
Soldered or
Brazedtube
Used in most tubing and
fitting connections that
are either by soldering or
silver brazing.
Soldered joints
are used for
water pipes and
drains.
Silver brazed joints
are used for
refrigerant pipes
and fittings.
Common Fittings which may be
Soldered or Silver Brazed
Common Fittings which may be
Soldered or Silver Brazed
Coupling
with rolled
stop
tee
90
elbow
adapto
Soldered
type filter
drier
Flare
nut
relay
Overload
protector
Thermost
at

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