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Consultative group on International agriculture reseach, is a global partnership that unites international organizations engaged in research about food security. CGIAR research aims to reduce rural poverty, increase food security, improve human health and nutrition, and sustainable management of natural resources.
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THE CGIAR AND AGRICULTURE SECTOR
This document outlines the schedule and content for a global agriculture leadership academy on the CGIAR and the agriculture sector. The schedule covers CGIAR research centers and their role in agriculture, common pool resources, and collective action and property rights. It also profiles the International Rice Research Institute and its contributions to the Green Revolution through the development of high-yielding rice varieties. The agriculture sector relies on common resources like land and water, which present issues due to factors such as heterogeneous and overlapping uses, as well as gender differences in resource dependence.
Nutritional Factors.pptx
this talks about the nutritional factors that are associated with the spawning, maturation growth and reproduction of fishes. and the recently advanced feeds
The CGIAR...
The CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) conducts research on sustainable forest management, agroforestry, and tree genetic resources. It has over 100 partners worldwide and works across six research themes. Key achievements include over 1,300 publications, significant outcomes, strong monitoring and evaluation, gender mainstreaming, capacity building activities, and securing over $45 million in funding. FTA aims to refine its approach based on evaluations and adapt its research themes and focus over subsequent phases to 2025 to maximize impacts.
The new CGIAR: Food security, global change and international agricultural r...
The document discusses the new CGIAR strategy and structure for international agricultural research and development. Key points:
1) The new strategy focuses research on reducing rural poverty, improving food security, nutrition/health, and natural resource management through CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs).
2) CRPs are implemented by research centers and partners to achieve impacts aligned with the strategy. They focus on integration, appropriate partnerships, and impact measurement.
3) Examples include CRP 1.1 on dryland agriculture and CRP 3.7 to increase availability of meat, milk and fish for the poor through value chain approaches.
national agricutural research system
The document discusses the role of global agricultural research systems and partnerships with national agricultural research systems (NARS). It notes that the global system is driven by CGIAR, which focuses on reducing poverty and increasing food security. CGIAR has expanded from 4 centers and 8 members in 1971 to 15 centers and 64 country members today. India has one of the largest agricultural research systems in the world comprising about 30,000 scientists. The system includes the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) at the national level and agricultural universities at the state level. Partnerships between international and national organizations are seen as essential for achieving development goals and project outcomes.
Global agriculture research system
The document discusses the International Agricultural Research System (IARS), specifically the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). It notes that CGIAR was established in 1971 with 4 centers focused on reducing poverty and increasing food security. CGIAR now has 15 centers working with over 100 partners on research programs. Key impacts of CGIAR's research include developing resistant crop varieties, improved livestock/fish practices, and furthering more sustainable natural resource management. Overall, CGIAR research has generated significant economic and social benefits globally.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goals
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
Yield gap analysis
This document discusses methods for analyzing yield gaps in field crops. It begins with definitions of different types of crop yields, including actual, attainable, water-limited, and potential yields. It then discusses scales of yield data collection and sources of data. Several approaches for quantifying yield gaps are presented, including analysis of high-yielding areas, boundary function modeling, crop modeling, and the use of remote sensing. Case studies applying these approaches to various crops and regions are described. The document concludes with recommendations for yield gap analysis.
Recommended
THE CGIAR AND AGRICULTURE SECTOR
This document outlines the schedule and content for a global agriculture leadership academy on the CGIAR and the agriculture sector. The schedule covers CGIAR research centers and their role in agriculture, common pool resources, and collective action and property rights. It also profiles the International Rice Research Institute and its contributions to the Green Revolution through the development of high-yielding rice varieties. The agriculture sector relies on common resources like land and water, which present issues due to factors such as heterogeneous and overlapping uses, as well as gender differences in resource dependence.
Nutritional Factors.pptx
this talks about the nutritional factors that are associated with the spawning, maturation growth and reproduction of fishes. and the recently advanced feeds
The CGIAR...
The CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) conducts research on sustainable forest management, agroforestry, and tree genetic resources. It has over 100 partners worldwide and works across six research themes. Key achievements include over 1,300 publications, significant outcomes, strong monitoring and evaluation, gender mainstreaming, capacity building activities, and securing over $45 million in funding. FTA aims to refine its approach based on evaluations and adapt its research themes and focus over subsequent phases to 2025 to maximize impacts.
The new CGIAR: Food security, global change and international agricultural r...
The document discusses the new CGIAR strategy and structure for international agricultural research and development. Key points:
1) The new strategy focuses research on reducing rural poverty, improving food security, nutrition/health, and natural resource management through CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs).
2) CRPs are implemented by research centers and partners to achieve impacts aligned with the strategy. They focus on integration, appropriate partnerships, and impact measurement.
3) Examples include CRP 1.1 on dryland agriculture and CRP 3.7 to increase availability of meat, milk and fish for the poor through value chain approaches.
national agricutural research system
The document discusses the role of global agricultural research systems and partnerships with national agricultural research systems (NARS). It notes that the global system is driven by CGIAR, which focuses on reducing poverty and increasing food security. CGIAR has expanded from 4 centers and 8 members in 1971 to 15 centers and 64 country members today. India has one of the largest agricultural research systems in the world comprising about 30,000 scientists. The system includes the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) at the national level and agricultural universities at the state level. Partnerships between international and national organizations are seen as essential for achieving development goals and project outcomes.
Global agriculture research system
The document discusses the International Agricultural Research System (IARS), specifically the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). It notes that CGIAR was established in 1971 with 4 centers focused on reducing poverty and increasing food security. CGIAR now has 15 centers working with over 100 partners on research programs. Key impacts of CGIAR's research include developing resistant crop varieties, improved livestock/fish practices, and furthering more sustainable natural resource management. Overall, CGIAR research has generated significant economic and social benefits globally.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goals
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
Yield gap analysis
This document discusses methods for analyzing yield gaps in field crops. It begins with definitions of different types of crop yields, including actual, attainable, water-limited, and potential yields. It then discusses scales of yield data collection and sources of data. Several approaches for quantifying yield gaps are presented, including analysis of high-yielding areas, boundary function modeling, crop modeling, and the use of remote sensing. Case studies applying these approaches to various crops and regions are described. The document concludes with recommendations for yield gap analysis.
National biodiversity protection initiatives
This document discusses biodiversity and conservation efforts in India. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. India is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, home to 7-8% of global species. The document outlines strategies for conserving biodiversity, including protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries, as well as ex situ conservation methods like zoos, botanical gardens, and gene banks. It provides details on India's biodiversity hotspots, legislation, and management authorities like the National Biodiversity Authority.
Participatory technology development
PTD deals with natural resources management by strengthening the local indigenous specialists and their communities to carry out experiments in becoming more sustainable and self reliant through drawing on their local resources.
Integrated fish and poultry farming
This document discusses the benefits of integrated fish and poultry farming. The system creates a mutually beneficial relationship where poultry provide fertilizer for fish ponds through their manure, and the fish consume food waste from the poultry, reducing costs. This integrated approach increases productivity and profit per unit area by optimizing resource use. While fish growth may not be maximized, targeted feeding can address this issue. The document recommends polyculture of different fish species for better utilization of pond resources compared to monoculture.
Role of livestock in national economy
The document summarizes key findings from India's 20th livestock census in 2019. It finds that India's total livestock population is 535.78 million, a 4.6% increase from 2012. Cattle population is 192.49 million (+0.8%) and buffaloes are 109.85 million (+1.0%). Milk production saw the largest increase at 6.0%. Sheep rose 14.1% to 74.26 million while goats increased 10.1% to 148.88 million. Pigs declined 12.03% to 9.06 million. Poultry, including commercial and backyard, increased 16.8% to 851.81 million. Livestock makes up 4.11%
Steps in farmer field school By Allah Dad Khan
The document outlines the key steps in conducting a Farmer Field School (FFS) using the classical approach. It discusses 8 main steps: 1) groundwork activities; 2) training facilitators; 3) establishing and running FFS; 4) evaluating participatory technology developments; 5) field days; 6) graduations; 7) farmer-run FFS; and 8) follow up by facilitators. Each step involves several specific activities like identifying problems, participants, and sites during groundwork. Facilitator training covers production topics, guides, and non-formal education methods. FFS meetings involve experiments, data collection, and special topic discussions.
Integrated farming system
This document discusses integrated farming systems (IFS), which combine various agricultural enterprises like cropping, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry together. IFS aim to maximize production and income while efficiently utilizing resources through recycling waste from one component as inputs for others. Some benefits of IFS include increased profits and sustainability through waste recycling, stable income from multiple enterprises, and better utilization of labor and resources. Common IFS components include crop cultivation combined with livestock, poultry, aquaculture, horticulture, apiculture, or agroforestry systems.
Agroforestry agroecosystem analysis
The document discusses agroecosystems, which involve the biological, physical, and socioeconomic components of farming systems, and provides checklists of factors to consider when analyzing agroecosystems, such as management practices, biophysical structures and processes, and social organization. It also outlines approaches for studying agroecosystems, including participatory rural appraisal, prototyping integrated farming systems, and identifying key relationships and decisions through agroecosystem analysis tools.
A presentation on community forest
Community forests in Nepal cover 25% of the country's forest land and are managed by over 14,000 local community forest user groups (CFUGs) representing 35% of Nepal's population. Under the 1993 Forest Act, national forests are handed over to CFUGs for protection, management, and sustainable use. Since 1978, community forestry has led to increased forest cover, social mobilization, income generation, and institutional development at the local level. However, challenges remain in ensuring disadvantaged groups' access, improving technical forest management, focusing on local needs, and supporting women and the poor through CFUG decision making. Overall, community forestry shows promise for sustainable forest management if democratic processes and people's participation are strengthened
National agricultural research system (NARS) & ICAR, government of india - o...
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Ccrf(code of conduct for responsible fisheries_
The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) was adopted by FAO in 1995 to promote sustainable fishing practices. It provides principles and standards for the conservation, management, and development of fisheries. The CCRF recognizes the importance of fisheries for food, jobs, trade, and economic benefits. It encourages states and fisheries stakeholders to apply the Code to ensure responsible practices now and for future generations. The FAO aims to support implementation through projects, meetings, and calls for collaboration to fully achieve the CCRF's goals.
INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING
The document outlines various initiatives taken by the Indian government to promote organic farming. It discusses schemes run by different government organizations that provide financial assistance for organic production units, certification, and adoption of organic practices. These include the National Horticulture Mission, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, and National Project on Organic Farming. The government also promotes the use of biofertilizers through various programs. NGOs have also supported organic farming in India through conferences, recommendations to policymakers, and promoting traditional knowledge.
Agroecology
- Agroecology is an approach that can increase agricultural productivity and sustainability by optimizing the use of local resources through diversification and minimizing external inputs.
- Key principles of agroecology include recycling nutrients on the farm, integrating crops and livestock, and focusing on interactions across the entire agricultural system.
- Agroecological practices maintain biodiversity through various techniques like crop rotation, cover crops, and agroforestry systems, which improve pest regulation, nutrient recycling, and ecosystem functions to increase yields over the long term in a sustainable way.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.
This document summarizes a student's seminar on the contribution of non-timber forest products to rural food security. It begins with definitions of NTFPs and discusses their classification. It also covers how NTFPs contribute to food security, rural livelihoods, and nutrition. Case studies from India and Laos show how local communities rely on wild edible plants and other NTFPs for household food consumption and income. The document concludes that NTFPs make a significant direct and indirect contribution to rural food security and livelihoods.
farmer field schools
The document describes the history and methodology of farmer field schools (FFS). It notes that FFS were originally developed in Indonesia in the 1980s to address the overuse of toxic pesticides. FFS place control of small-scale agroecosystems in the hands of local farmers through participatory, discovery-based learning over a full growing season. Key aspects of FFS include groups of 25-30 farmers, facilitated discussions and experiments conducted directly in farmers' fields, following the natural crop cycle. The goal is for farmers to gain expertise in sustainable agricultural practices within their local context.
Formation of FPO.pdf
detailed description of formation of FPO/FPC, registration process, information about CBBO and some success stories of FPCs. Thiws presentation will give basic idea abpout formation and working procedure of FPOs/FPCs
Indigenous technical knowledge in fisheries
The document discusses various indigenous technological knowledge practices used by fish farmers in West Bengal, India. It describes techniques for pond construction and maintenance, controlling diseases and parasites, increasing fish production, and harvesting. Some key practices mentioned include using leaves or bamboo poles for shade, applying raw cow dung or cattle urine to increase plankton, and using gunny bags to effectively distribute feed and control argulus. The document provides details on over 20 different indigenous practices and their benefits, which are mostly eco-friendly and economic for small-scale fish farmers. It also notes some limitations to indigenous knowledge practices.
Classification-of-feedstuffs.pdf
This document provides classifications and descriptions of various feedstuffs and roughages. It discusses:
1) Roughages are bulky feeds high in fiber and low in nutrients. They include succulent and dry roughages. Concentrates are higher in energy and nutrients but lower in fiber.
2) Pastures are lands for grazing and their composition varies depending on growth stage, soil, and fertilizer. Cultivated grasses and legumes used as fodder are also described.
3) Various nutritional deficiencies and toxicities associated with feeding grasses are outlined, including nitrates, bloat, phytoestrogens, and goitrogens. Silage making and tree fodders are also summarized
ENHANCING FODDER PRODUCTION
The document discusses strategies for enhancing fodder productivity in India year-round. It notes that India faces significant deficits in green fodder, dry crop residues, and concentrate feeds. To meet growing demand, fodder production and productivity must increase through adopting high-yielding varieties, intensive cropping systems, optimal nutrient, weed, and pest management, and fodder preservation methods like silage and hay. Proper harvesting, residue utilization, and water and seed management are also important to enhance fodder availability throughout the year.
Role of farmer producer organization (fpo)
This document discusses the role of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in promoting inland fisheries in India. It provides background on global and Indian fish consumption trends and production. It outlines the problems small farmers face and how organizing into groups through FPOs can help by providing access to technology, inputs, credit, marketing and more. Examples are given of successful FPO models for aquaculture farmers in India that have improved yields, profits, and market access through group coordination and adoption of better management practices. The document argues that further developing FPOs can help small farmers participate more effectively in domestic and international seafood markets.
Agriculture technology management agency (ATMA)
ATMA (Agriculture Technology Management Agency) is a registered society responsible for agricultural technology dissemination at the district level in Uttar Pradesh. It aims to decentralize decision making, increase farmer input, and improve coordination between research and extension activities. ATMA has a Governing Board that makes policies and a Management Committee responsible for planning and executing activities. It works to strengthen research-farmer linkages, coordinate different agricultural agencies, disseminate new technologies, and increase farmer ownership of the agricultural system. A case study describes how a farmer in Jharkhand increased her paddy yields from 16 to 82 quintals per hectare by adopting improved practices and technologies disseminated through ATMA.
Better lives through livestock: ILRI overview
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the 7th Multi-Stakeholder Partnership Meeting of the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 8–12 May 2017
07 role of cgiar system in the germplasm exchange
The document provides information about the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). It discusses that CGIAR is a global partnership that was formed in 1971 to reduce poverty and hunger through agricultural research. It is made up of 15 research centers that work with hundreds of partners in agricultural research. The centers work on issues like improving food security, nutrition, health, and sustainable management of natural resources. CGIAR research is guided by a Strategy and Results Framework and implemented through CGIAR Research Programs coordinated by the CGIAR Consortium. The impacts of CGIAR's work include the high-yielding varieties that sparked the Green Revolution and continue to increase global food supplies.
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National biodiversity protection initiatives
This document discusses biodiversity and conservation efforts in India. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. India is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, home to 7-8% of global species. The document outlines strategies for conserving biodiversity, including protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries, as well as ex situ conservation methods like zoos, botanical gardens, and gene banks. It provides details on India's biodiversity hotspots, legislation, and management authorities like the National Biodiversity Authority.
Participatory technology development
PTD deals with natural resources management by strengthening the local indigenous specialists and their communities to carry out experiments in becoming more sustainable and self reliant through drawing on their local resources.
Integrated fish and poultry farming
This document discusses the benefits of integrated fish and poultry farming. The system creates a mutually beneficial relationship where poultry provide fertilizer for fish ponds through their manure, and the fish consume food waste from the poultry, reducing costs. This integrated approach increases productivity and profit per unit area by optimizing resource use. While fish growth may not be maximized, targeted feeding can address this issue. The document recommends polyculture of different fish species for better utilization of pond resources compared to monoculture.
Role of livestock in national economy
The document summarizes key findings from India's 20th livestock census in 2019. It finds that India's total livestock population is 535.78 million, a 4.6% increase from 2012. Cattle population is 192.49 million (+0.8%) and buffaloes are 109.85 million (+1.0%). Milk production saw the largest increase at 6.0%. Sheep rose 14.1% to 74.26 million while goats increased 10.1% to 148.88 million. Pigs declined 12.03% to 9.06 million. Poultry, including commercial and backyard, increased 16.8% to 851.81 million. Livestock makes up 4.11%
Steps in farmer field school By Allah Dad Khan
The document outlines the key steps in conducting a Farmer Field School (FFS) using the classical approach. It discusses 8 main steps: 1) groundwork activities; 2) training facilitators; 3) establishing and running FFS; 4) evaluating participatory technology developments; 5) field days; 6) graduations; 7) farmer-run FFS; and 8) follow up by facilitators. Each step involves several specific activities like identifying problems, participants, and sites during groundwork. Facilitator training covers production topics, guides, and non-formal education methods. FFS meetings involve experiments, data collection, and special topic discussions.
Integrated farming system
This document discusses integrated farming systems (IFS), which combine various agricultural enterprises like cropping, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry together. IFS aim to maximize production and income while efficiently utilizing resources through recycling waste from one component as inputs for others. Some benefits of IFS include increased profits and sustainability through waste recycling, stable income from multiple enterprises, and better utilization of labor and resources. Common IFS components include crop cultivation combined with livestock, poultry, aquaculture, horticulture, apiculture, or agroforestry systems.
Agroforestry agroecosystem analysis
The document discusses agroecosystems, which involve the biological, physical, and socioeconomic components of farming systems, and provides checklists of factors to consider when analyzing agroecosystems, such as management practices, biophysical structures and processes, and social organization. It also outlines approaches for studying agroecosystems, including participatory rural appraisal, prototyping integrated farming systems, and identifying key relationships and decisions through agroecosystem analysis tools.
A presentation on community forest
Community forests in Nepal cover 25% of the country's forest land and are managed by over 14,000 local community forest user groups (CFUGs) representing 35% of Nepal's population. Under the 1993 Forest Act, national forests are handed over to CFUGs for protection, management, and sustainable use. Since 1978, community forestry has led to increased forest cover, social mobilization, income generation, and institutional development at the local level. However, challenges remain in ensuring disadvantaged groups' access, improving technical forest management, focusing on local needs, and supporting women and the poor through CFUG decision making. Overall, community forestry shows promise for sustainable forest management if democratic processes and people's participation are strengthened
National agricultural research system (NARS) & ICAR, government of india - o...
Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE) – Started in 1973. ICAR is an autonomous apex body that comes under societies act, responsible for coordinating, guiding, and managing research and education in Agriculture and Horticulture.
Ccrf(code of conduct for responsible fisheries_
The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) was adopted by FAO in 1995 to promote sustainable fishing practices. It provides principles and standards for the conservation, management, and development of fisheries. The CCRF recognizes the importance of fisheries for food, jobs, trade, and economic benefits. It encourages states and fisheries stakeholders to apply the Code to ensure responsible practices now and for future generations. The FAO aims to support implementation through projects, meetings, and calls for collaboration to fully achieve the CCRF's goals.
INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING
The document outlines various initiatives taken by the Indian government to promote organic farming. It discusses schemes run by different government organizations that provide financial assistance for organic production units, certification, and adoption of organic practices. These include the National Horticulture Mission, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, and National Project on Organic Farming. The government also promotes the use of biofertilizers through various programs. NGOs have also supported organic farming in India through conferences, recommendations to policymakers, and promoting traditional knowledge.
Agroecology
- Agroecology is an approach that can increase agricultural productivity and sustainability by optimizing the use of local resources through diversification and minimizing external inputs.
- Key principles of agroecology include recycling nutrients on the farm, integrating crops and livestock, and focusing on interactions across the entire agricultural system.
- Agroecological practices maintain biodiversity through various techniques like crop rotation, cover crops, and agroforestry systems, which improve pest regulation, nutrient recycling, and ecosystem functions to increase yields over the long term in a sustainable way.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.
This document summarizes a student's seminar on the contribution of non-timber forest products to rural food security. It begins with definitions of NTFPs and discusses their classification. It also covers how NTFPs contribute to food security, rural livelihoods, and nutrition. Case studies from India and Laos show how local communities rely on wild edible plants and other NTFPs for household food consumption and income. The document concludes that NTFPs make a significant direct and indirect contribution to rural food security and livelihoods.
farmer field schools
The document describes the history and methodology of farmer field schools (FFS). It notes that FFS were originally developed in Indonesia in the 1980s to address the overuse of toxic pesticides. FFS place control of small-scale agroecosystems in the hands of local farmers through participatory, discovery-based learning over a full growing season. Key aspects of FFS include groups of 25-30 farmers, facilitated discussions and experiments conducted directly in farmers' fields, following the natural crop cycle. The goal is for farmers to gain expertise in sustainable agricultural practices within their local context.
Formation of FPO.pdf
detailed description of formation of FPO/FPC, registration process, information about CBBO and some success stories of FPCs. Thiws presentation will give basic idea abpout formation and working procedure of FPOs/FPCs
Indigenous technical knowledge in fisheries
The document discusses various indigenous technological knowledge practices used by fish farmers in West Bengal, India. It describes techniques for pond construction and maintenance, controlling diseases and parasites, increasing fish production, and harvesting. Some key practices mentioned include using leaves or bamboo poles for shade, applying raw cow dung or cattle urine to increase plankton, and using gunny bags to effectively distribute feed and control argulus. The document provides details on over 20 different indigenous practices and their benefits, which are mostly eco-friendly and economic for small-scale fish farmers. It also notes some limitations to indigenous knowledge practices.
Classification-of-feedstuffs.pdf
This document provides classifications and descriptions of various feedstuffs and roughages. It discusses:
1) Roughages are bulky feeds high in fiber and low in nutrients. They include succulent and dry roughages. Concentrates are higher in energy and nutrients but lower in fiber.
2) Pastures are lands for grazing and their composition varies depending on growth stage, soil, and fertilizer. Cultivated grasses and legumes used as fodder are also described.
3) Various nutritional deficiencies and toxicities associated with feeding grasses are outlined, including nitrates, bloat, phytoestrogens, and goitrogens. Silage making and tree fodders are also summarized
ENHANCING FODDER PRODUCTION
The document discusses strategies for enhancing fodder productivity in India year-round. It notes that India faces significant deficits in green fodder, dry crop residues, and concentrate feeds. To meet growing demand, fodder production and productivity must increase through adopting high-yielding varieties, intensive cropping systems, optimal nutrient, weed, and pest management, and fodder preservation methods like silage and hay. Proper harvesting, residue utilization, and water and seed management are also important to enhance fodder availability throughout the year.
Role of farmer producer organization (fpo)
This document discusses the role of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in promoting inland fisheries in India. It provides background on global and Indian fish consumption trends and production. It outlines the problems small farmers face and how organizing into groups through FPOs can help by providing access to technology, inputs, credit, marketing and more. Examples are given of successful FPO models for aquaculture farmers in India that have improved yields, profits, and market access through group coordination and adoption of better management practices. The document argues that further developing FPOs can help small farmers participate more effectively in domestic and international seafood markets.
Agriculture technology management agency (ATMA)
ATMA (Agriculture Technology Management Agency) is a registered society responsible for agricultural technology dissemination at the district level in Uttar Pradesh. It aims to decentralize decision making, increase farmer input, and improve coordination between research and extension activities. ATMA has a Governing Board that makes policies and a Management Committee responsible for planning and executing activities. It works to strengthen research-farmer linkages, coordinate different agricultural agencies, disseminate new technologies, and increase farmer ownership of the agricultural system. A case study describes how a farmer in Jharkhand increased her paddy yields from 16 to 82 quintals per hectare by adopting improved practices and technologies disseminated through ATMA.
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National agricultural research system (NARS) & ICAR, government of india - o...
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INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING
INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.
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The document provides information about the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). It discusses that CGIAR is a global partnership that was formed in 1971 to reduce poverty and hunger through agricultural research. It is made up of 15 research centers that work with hundreds of partners in agricultural research. The centers work on issues like improving food security, nutrition, health, and sustainable management of natural resources. CGIAR research is guided by a Strategy and Results Framework and implemented through CGIAR Research Programs coordinated by the CGIAR Consortium. The impacts of CGIAR's work include the high-yielding varieties that sparked the Green Revolution and continue to increase global food supplies.
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BotanicalsPesticides
Botanicals:
Toxicants or chemicals derived from plants parts like leaves, stems,
roots, seeds etc which are used in insect pest and disease control
Ex. Neem products, Nicotine, Ryania, Rotenone and Pyrethrum
A botanical pesticide is a type of bio pesticide formulation made up of
crude plant extracts or purified compound of plant species for
managing pest and diseases.
• Extracted from plants
• Broad spectrum pesticides
• Low environmental persistence
• Low residual value
• Degrade very fast under the sunlight
Advantages:
• Do not leave harmful residues
• Cheaper than chemical
• Safe to user, environment and non target sp.
• Safe for insect enemies – predator, parasitoids
• Prevent resistance and resurgence
Disadvantages:
• Not true pesticides
• Readily degraded by UV rays or sunlight
• Slow speed of action
• High specificity
• Effective period is less – low self life
Types of Insect larvae
There are three main types of insects larvae
1. oligopod: Scarabeiform, Campodeiform
2. polypod: Hairy caterpillar, Slug caterpillar, Looper, Semilooper
3. apodous: Euciphalous, Hemicephalous, acephalous
1) OLIGOPOD: a) Campodeiform:
• Have resemblance to the dipluran genus campodea.
• Body is elongate, depressed dorso ventrally and well
sclerotised.
• Head is prognathous.
• Thoracic legs are long.
• A pair of abdominal cerci
is usually present.
• Larvae are generally predators
and are very active.
• Eg: grub of ant lion, grub of lady bird beetle
b) Scarabaeiform:
• Body is ‘C’ shaped, stout and subcylindrical.
• Head is well developed.
• Thoracic legs are short.
• Caudal processes are absent.
• Larva is sluggish, burrowing into wood or
soil.
• Eg: grub of rhinocerous beetle.
Berseem: Fodder Crop
Berseem, or Egyptian clover, is an important winter forage crop grown in northern India. It provides nutritious green forage for livestock for 6-7 months each year through multiple cuttings. Berseem originated in Southwest Asia and was introduced to India in the 19th century. It grows best in a cool climate with temperatures between 25-27°C and adequate rainfall or irrigation. Breeding efforts aim to develop varieties with higher yield, better forage quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further genetic improvement of berseem is limited by its narrow genetic base.
Insect thorax and abdomen
Insect thorax and abdomen are very crucial bearing most important organs of insects helping in various important fuctions and regulations.
Type of Insect head
1. There are three main types of insect heads: prognathous, hypognathous, and opisthognathous. Prognathous insects have a horizontal head axis with forward-facing mouthparts. Hypognathous insects have a vertical head axis perpendicular to the body with downward-facing mouthparts. Opisthognathous insects have a deflexed head with backward-facing mouthparts held between the forelegs.
Modifications in Insect leg
Insect legs are modified for different functions:
1. Saltatorial legs are adapted for jumping with elongated femurs and tibias.
2. Raptorial legs are modified for grasping prey with Mantids and ambush bugs as examples.
3. Fossorial legs are adapted for digging with mole crickets and cicada nymphs as examples.
Insect leg
Insect legs are divided into three pairs - forelegs on the prothorax, midlegs on the mesothorax, and hind legs on the metathorax. Each leg contains six main components: the coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus, and pretarsus. The tarsus can be divided into one to five pseudosegments called tarsomeres. The pretarsus is the terminal segment and can contain claws, an arolium, an empodium, and pulvilli.
Insect antennae and its modifications
Insect antennae have basic segments and function primarily for sensory perception. They have evolved various modifications including aristate (pouch-like with bristle), capitate (clubbed at the end), clavate (gradually clubbed), filiform (thread-like), geniculate (bent like an elbow), lamellate (clubbed with nested plates), moniliform (bead-like), pectinate (comb-like), plumose (feather-like), serrate (saw-toothed), and setaceous (bristle-like). Examples of insects with these antenna modifications include house flies, butterflies, carrion beetles, cockroaches, bees, scar
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
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Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Cgiar
- 1. cgiar Consultative group for international agriculture research Formed on : 1971 HQ: France CGIAR is a global research partnership for a food secure future dedicated to reducing poverty, enhancing food and nutrition security, and improving natural resources.
- 2. Location of international research institutes
- 3. HQ: Patancheru - India
- 4. HQ: Texcoco - Mexico
- 5. International Water Management Institute HQ:Colombo - Sri Lanka
- 6. HQ: Co-hosted by Kenya and Ethiopia
- 7. • Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) HQ: Bogor - Indonesia
- 8. • International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA HQ: Beirut – Lebanon Establishment : 1977
- 9. HQ: Washington DC – USA Establishment: 1975
- 10. HQ: Lima - Peru
- 11. Africa Rice Center HQ: Abidjan - Côte d'Ivoire Founded on: 1971
- 12. • World Agroforestry (ICRAF) HQ: Nairobi - Kenya
- 14. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) HQ: Ibadan – Nigeria Establishment: 1967
- 15. International Rice Research institute HQ: Los Baños – Philippines Established on: 1960
- 16. HQ: Rome, Italy
- 17. Thanks