Downloaded 10 times
Uploaded byLuigi Guarino
Introduction to the Global Crop Diversity Trust
The Global Crop Diversity Trust is an independent international organization established to ensure the long-term conservation of crop diversity globally. It works to build and sustain an efficient global system of crop diversity conservation through activities like regeneration of collections, safety duplication, evaluation of traits, and development of information systems. It also oversees the management and funding of crop collections held by the CGIAR centers to ensure their long-term conservation and availability.
More Related Content
Similar to Introduction to the Global Crop Diversity Trust
Introduction to the Global Crop Diversity Trust
- 1. The Global CropDiversity Trust: a Foundation for Food Security
- 2. What is theTrust ? Independent international organization established by FAO and CGIAR Centres • Established in October 2004 • Secretariat in Bonn from January 2013 Endowment to secure long-term funding for global system • Complementary short-term project funding to overcome key constraints Policy framework of International Treaty on PGRFA • Element of the funding strategy of the Treaty • Priority for crops under Annex 1, collections in Article 15 Governed by Executive Board • Treaty GB, Donors Council, FAO, CGIAR
- 3.
- 4. Goal “to advance anefficient and sustainable global system of ex situ conservation by promoting the rescue, understanding, use and long-term conservation of valuable plant genetic resources”
- 5. Building and sustainingthe Global System Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT
- 6. Ex situ conservation Over 1,700 facilities Holding 7.4m accessions Vital resource for breeding
- 7. Safety duplication Long-term collection On-farm management Breeding/ Workingcollection The “Global System” we have now Conservation Use Distribution
- 8. Global back-up Safety duplicatecollection Long-term international collection National collection Breeding/Working collection On-farm management The “Global System” we need Conservation Use
- 9. National genebankshave intimate knowledge of indigenous experience and wisdom, local conditions and needs • search out, acquire, screen, develop, store and distribute diversity of particular and current relevance to country International genebanks conserve and make available diversity over the long-term Global back-up – Svalbard Global Seed Vault Enabling environment – the Treaty Towards a truly global system
- 10.
- 11. Trust activities Regeneration Conservationresearch Evaluation Permanent backupDuplicationInformation systems
- 12. Wheat 78,375 regenerated 3,675 put in vitro 12,255 not viable Regeneration
- 13. Safety duplication 32,917accessions 43 countries 117 wheat, 615 barley Mongolia, Nepal, Belarus & Armenia 365 Chickpea Georgia & Pakistan 215 faba bean Georgia & Ecuador 157 grasspea Nepal & Pakistan 620 lentil Nepal, Georgia & Pakistan
- 14. Shipping samples 7shipments in 1,340 accessions destroyed or returned many still in quarantine
- 15. 774,601 accessions storedin Svalbard
- 16. Phillippine National Genebank TyphoonXangsane, 2006
- 17.
- 18. Photos International RiceResearch Institute (IRRI); Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice). 2009. 43 projects 59 collections 20 crops 143 traits 58 NARS 8 CGIAR 43 countries Evaluation
- 19. Promoting use: Informationsystems Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT
- 20.
- 21. • Online portalto accession-level information on the world’s genebank holdings • Initially developed as investment from GCDT, Bioversity, and ITPGRFA-Secretariat • Initially encompasses CGIAR/held International Collections, Eurisco and USDA • Searchable on passport, characterization, evaluation and ecogeographic descriptors • Plans for further development and improvement • Expandable to include all genebanks!
- 22.
- 23. • An informationmanagement system for genebanks • The new incarnation of USDA’s Genetic Resources Information System (GRIN) • “Open source” software for continued development and maintenance by the user community
- 24. In Trust forthe International Community Plan and Partnership for Managing and Sustaining CGIAR – held collections of Plant Genetic Resources Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT
- 25. Objective To conserve thediversity of PGR in CGIAR-held collections, to make it available to breeders and researchers in a manner that meets high international scientific standards, is cost efficient, is secure, reliable and sustainable over the long-term and is supportive of and consistent with ITPGRFA
- 26.
- 27. Accessions AfricaRice Rice 20,000 BioversityBanana 1,298 CIAT Beans, Cassava, Tropical forages 65,635 CIMMYT Maize, Wheat 155,129 CIP Potato, Sweet potato, Andean Roots & Tubers 16,495 ICARDA Grain legumes, Wheat, Barley, Forage & range crops 134,160 ICRAF Trees 5,144 ICRISAT Dryland cereals, Grain legumes 156,313 IITA Cowpea, Cassava, Yam, Banana, Misc legumes 28,286 ILRI Tropical forages 18,291 IRRI Rice 110,817 Total 711,568 International collections
- 28. CGIAR Research Programfor Managing and Sustaining Crop Collections 11 Centres 5 year funding plan $20 million/year Routine operations Trust management and oversight Commitment by donors to transition to funding through Trust endowment
- 29. Transition to sustainablefunding
- 30.
- 31. Safe-guarding threatened diversityand promoting use: Collecting, protecting and preparing crop wild relatives Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT
- 32. But why CWR? Hoisingtonet al 1998 Folke 2001
- 33. The Trust’s CWRinitiative • Identify, collect, conserve, document and use key crop wild relative diversity for climate change adaptation (in developing countries) • $50 million over 10 years pledged by Norwegian government, starting 2011 • 26 target crops
- 34. Species Common name Avenasativa Oat Cajanus cajan Pigeonpea lCicer arietinum Chickpea Daucus carota Carrot Eleusine coracana Finger millet Helianthus annuus Sunflower Hordeum vulgare Barley Ipomoea batatas Sweet potato Lathyrus sativus Grass pea/Common chickling Lens culinaris Lentil Malus domestica Apple Medicago sativa Alfalfa/Lucerne Musa acuminata Cavendish banana Musa balbisiana Guangdong plantain Species Common name Oryza glaberrima African rice Oryza sativa Rice Pennisetum glaucum Pearl millet Phaseolus lunatus Butter bean/Lima bean Phaseolus vulgaris Garden bean Pisum sativum Garden pea Secale cereale Rye Solanum melongena Eggplant/Aubergine Solanum tuberosum Potato Sorghum bicolor Sorghum Triticum aestivum Bread wheat Vicia faba Faba bean Vicia sativa Common vetch Vigna subterranea Bambara groundnut Vigna unguiculata Cowpea Crop wild relatives initiative
- 35.
- 36.
- 37.
Editor's Notes
- #11 The Global Crop Diversity Trust to ensure that crop diversity is properly conserved and easily available. It is working worldwide, on a wide range of crops and activities .
- #12 The Trust is also working on a. rescuing threatened collectionsb. researching how to conserve some crops better (particularly difficult-to-conserve crops like cassava, yams and taro)c. evaluating accessions held by genebanks, so that they are better understood and therefore more useful to breedersd. working on information systems to ensure that genebanks are better run, and also that plant breeders can access both information and accessions from genebanks around the worlde. to avoid disasters such as the slide shown earlier from the Philippines, ensuring that collections are duplicated for safety,f. and ensuring that a safety back-up is stored in the safest seed storage on the planet - the Svalbard Global Seed Vault.
- #13 This includes over 10,000 wheat accessions which were threatened with extinction.
- #16 The Vault now contains a large percentage of the world's diversity – as safe as it can possibly be!
- #17 Or very vulnerable
- #21 An information management system for genebanksThe new incarnation of USDA’s Genetic Resources Information System (GRIN)Support to adoption has been provided by Bioversity International“Open source” software for continued development and maintenance by the user communityXx genebanks now trained
- #22 GeneSys is a global platform for the the sharing of data provided by international and national genebanks. This platform is envisioned to meet the needs of data providers to publish their individual genebank data globally. It will meet the needs of a diversity of users to search through this diversity to identify key accessions needed for access. It will also enhance global understanding of the utilization potential and the unique nature of the world’s germplasm. It is one of a number of platforms available but has the potential to link many together
- #24 GeneSys is a global platform for the the sharing of data provided by international and national genebanks. This platform is envisioned to meet the needs of data providers to publish their individual genebank data globally. It will meet the needs of a diversity of users to search through this diversity to identify key accessions needed for access. It will also enhance global understanding of the utilization potential and the unique nature of the world’s germplasm. It is one of a number of platforms available but has the potential to link many together
- #35 Current 10 year initiative is CWR