Cell organisation
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Cell organization describes the differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms. Unicellular organisms like amoebas are small, simple organisms that contain all vital functions within a single cell. They do not have specialized organs or systems. In contrast, multicellular organisms like humans contain many different cell types that are specialized to perform specific functions. During development, a single cell from fertilization grows into an embryo with different cell types such as nerve cells, blood cells, and sperm cells that work together as a system.
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Holozoic nutrition
The document summarizes the process of holozoic nutrition in humans. It involves ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and defecation. Digestion occurs in the alimentary canal which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. Each part has a specific role like mechanical and chemical breakdown of food. Enzymes and secretions from various glands help break down macromolecules into absorbable units that enter bloodstream. Undigested matter is eliminated as feces through the large intestine and anus.
What is holozoic nutrition
Holozoic nutrition involves the ingestion, digestion, absorption and assimilation of liquid or solid organic material by single-celled organisms like amoeba. It follows 5 steps - ingestion through a mouth-like opening, digestion of food particles within a food vacuole using lysosomal enzymes, absorption of digested materials through fine canals, assimilation of nutrients into the cell, and egestion of undigested waste. Amoeba proteus exhibits intracellular digestion, engulfing food through pseudopodia and breaking it down within a food vacuole.
Amoeba
Amoeba are single-celled organisms that move via pseudopods and reproduce through binary fission. They live in water and consume bacteria, algae, and other protozoa using their pseudopods. When an amoeba grows large enough, its nucleus divides and the cell splits into two identical daughter cells, each with their own nucleus. This process of binary fission allows for asexual reproduction to continue the amoeba's lifecycle of eating, growing, and splitting.
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This document discusses different types of appendages used for locomotion in animals. It describes non-jointed appendages such as parapodia in polychaetes that also aid respiration and defense. Gastropods use muscular pedal feet and mucus to move. Cephalopods use tentacles and fins with suckers. Echinoderms use tubefeet connected to their water vascular system. Onychophora use lobopods. Jointed appendages are also discussed but not described. The document provides examples of non-jointed appendages and their functions in different animal phyla.
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The protist kingdom includes unicellular organisms like amoebas and algae. Chlorella is a unicellular green alga that lives in stagnant water, has a cell wall, chloroplast, and nucleus. It feeds through photosynthesis using carbon dioxide and water. Humans consume Chlorella for its protein. Amoebas are also unicellular organisms that live in water and use pseudopodia for movement and feeding. They reproduce through binary fission.
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Digestion presentation
This is the presentation that I gathered information from different sources for my biology class. If the original authers find this presentation, please understand that I do not make it for business. Thank you.
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Holozoic nutrition
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Amoeba
Amoeba are single-celled organisms that move via pseudopods and reproduce through binary fission. They live in water and consume bacteria, algae, and other protozoa using their pseudopods. When an amoeba grows large enough, its nucleus divides and the cell splits into two identical daughter cells, each with their own nucleus. This process of binary fission allows for asexual reproduction to continue the amoeba's lifecycle of eating, growing, and splitting.
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a good source and information about the processes involved in life. A detailed way to learn about the life processes
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YOUTUBE VIDEO:
https://youtu.be/GgV4xo21mFU
GOOGLE FORM WORKSHEET:
https://forms.gle/CqxrYZr1ukewvLhN8
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a good source and information about the processes involved in life. A detailed way to learn about the life processes
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This document discusses various life processes including nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. It provides details on:
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- Respiration being the process by which food is broken down using oxygen to release energy, occurring through cellular respiration in mitochondria.
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IT'S NOT MINE. JUST SHARE IT HERE FOR MY OWN REVISION AND OTHERS.
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This document discusses several key life processes:
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Life processes notes
All living things perform life processes like growth, respiration, excretion and circulation to maintain themselves. There are two main types of nutrition - autotrophic and heterotrophic. Autotrophs like plants perform photosynthesis to produce their own food, using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight. Heterotrophs obtain food externally. Transportation of oxygen, nutrients and wastes is essential and occurs through the circulatory system in humans and xylem and phloem in plants. The excretory system removes nitrogenous wastes from the body through the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. Urine is formed in the nephrons of the kidneys by a process of filtration,
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This document summarizes feeding modes, feeding apparatus, and digestion in eukaryotes. It discusses the four stages of feeding: ingestion, digestion, absorption/assimilation, and egestion. Different types of digestion are described, including intracellular and extracellular digestion. The feeding apparatus and modes of various organisms are also covered, such as herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders, and examples of different feeding mechanisms.
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The document discusses various life processes in living organisms including nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. It provides details on photosynthesis, human digestion, the circulatory and respiratory systems, and the process of excretion in humans and plants. Key life processes include taking in nutrients and excreting waste to survive. Photosynthesis allows plants to produce their own food, while animals rely on ingesting other organisms. Transportation of nutrients, gases, and wastes occurs through circulatory and respiratory systems.
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Annelid worms evelyn
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NUTRITION IN ANIMALS -2 (CLASS-VII) NCERT
YOUTUBE VIDEO:
https://youtu.be/GgV4xo21mFU
GOOGLE FORM WORKSHEET:
https://forms.gle/CqxrYZr1ukewvLhN8
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1. The document discusses several animal-like protists including Euglena, Dinoflagellates, Foraminiferans, Apicomplexa, and Ciliophora.
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This document provides information about the kingdoms of life: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. It summarizes key characteristics of each kingdom. Protists are eukaryotic microscopic organisms that can be single-celled or multi-cellular and obtain energy through photosynthesis or consuming other organisms. Fungi are usually unicellular but some are multicellular, and they are all heterotrophs that absorb nutrients. Plants are usually multicellular and autotrophic, obtaining energy through photosynthesis. Animals are multicellular and heterotrophic, obtaining nutrients by ingesting other organisms.
classification of Protozoa
This document summarizes various protozoan groups. It describes trypanosomes, their life cycle and diseases they cause. It discusses amoeboid protozoans including their locomotion using pseudopodia and important genera like Entamoeba, Arcella and Difflugia. It also covers shelled protozoans like foraminiferans and radiolarians. Important apicomplexan groups discussed are Plasmodium, Toxoplasma and Cryptosporidium. It briefly describes ciliates including their nutrition, reproduction and important symbiotic relationships.
Protozoa
Protozoa are eukaryotic, unicellular microorganisms that occur in almost all habitats. They can live freely or form symbiotic relationships. Their distribution and numbers are affected by factors like light, pH, temperature, and nutrient availability. They exhibit a variety of shapes and structures. Locomotion is achieved through pseudopodia, flagella, or cilia. Reproduction can occur asexually through binary fission or multiple fission, or sexually through syngamy. Protozoa are an important part of aquatic food webs and play a role in waste treatment.
cellular transport.pdf
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through selective permeability. Small, uncharged molecules can pass through the phospholipid bilayer via diffusion. Larger or charged molecules require transport proteins to cross via facilitated diffusion. Water moves in and out of cells through osmosis in order to balance solute concentrations; it will diffuse into areas of higher solute concentration. The membrane also uses active transport and bulk transport like exocytosis and endocytosis to move molecules against gradients or transport larger particles, requiring energy in the form of ATP.
LIFE PROCESS.pptx
The document discusses various life processes including nutrition, respiration, and transportation in living organisms. It provides details on:
- How autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain their nutrition through photosynthesis and consumption of other organisms respectively.
- The process of photosynthesis and the role of chloroplasts, water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight in producing carbohydrates in green plants.
- The human digestive system and how food is broken down mechanically and chemically to be absorbed in the small intestine.
- The pathways of cellular respiration to break down glucose and produce energy through aerobic and anaerobic processes.
- The structure and function of the lungs and alveoli in facilitating gas exchange in human respiration
Cell membrane
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded. Materials move across the membrane through passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, or active transport using protein channels and pumps. Water moves across the membrane through osmosis to equalize its concentration gradient. Large particles enter through endocytosis using vesicles formed from the membrane.
Protist & Fungi
1) Protists and fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular. They include protozoans, algae, and fungus-like organisms.
2) Protozoans are classified based on their methods of movement, which include pseudopods, cilia, and flagella. Pseudopods allow amoebas to move and engulf food, while cilia and flagella provide locomotion for other protozoans like paramecium.
3) Fungi obtain nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into their food through threadlike hyphae structures. They reproduce both sexually through spores and asexually by budding or releasing spores
MOLLUSKS
NATURE IS FULL OF BLOSSOM AND BEAUTY AND IT ATTRACTS EVERY ONE WHO WANNA DIVE INTO IT, ONE OF THE FLOWERS OF NATURE ARE MOLLUSKS WHICH ARE CALLED THE BEAUTY OF THE OCEANS AND THEY ARE PRESENT IN A LARGE VARIETY.
SO, HERE IS SOME CUTE AND INTERESTING INFORMATION ABOUT MOLLUSKS FOR YOU GUYS.
ALIKE WILL BE APPRECIATED.
Ppt ajila.s
This document provides information about the nutrition of amoebas. It discusses that amoebas exhibit holozoic nutrition, feeding on algae, bacteria, and other protozoans. When prey is active, the amoeba forms a food cup around it using pseudopodia, then secretes a sticky, toxic fluid to adhere to and kill the prey through invagination. The food is then transported into a food vacuole and digested through fusion with lysosomes containing enzymes, with undigested waste ejected through exocytosis.
Chpt2 form4
The document summarizes key differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms. Specifically:
- Unicellular organisms like amoebas consist of a single cell and rely on cellular components like organelles for survival. Multicellular organisms are made of multiple cell types that can specialize into tissues and organs.
- Amoebas move using pseudopodia, feed via phagocytosis, reproduce asexually through binary fission, and regulate osmosis using a contractile vacuole.
- Being multicellular allows for division of labor, specialization of cell types, and enables adaptation to diverse environments like terrestrial habitats.
THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
The document discusses the key characteristics and components of cells. It states that the cell is the fundamental unit of life and is the structural and functional basic unit that makes up the whole body. Cells come in both unicellular and multicellular forms. The cell consists of various organelles that allow it to carry out its functions, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Cells can also be categorized as prokaryotic or eukaryotic based on their structure. The document further describes the roles and characteristics of various cell organelles and components like the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cell wall. It also explains
Embryology
Mitosis and meiosis play key roles in development, growth, and reproduction. During development, cell differentiation occurs as gene expression changes, leading cells to take on specialized roles. Life cycles involve both haploid and diploid phases, with an evolutionary trend moving from haploid-dominant to diploid-dominant. In haplontic life cycles like Chlamydomonas, the haploid phase is multicellular and reproduces asexually via mitosis, while the diploid phase is dormant. In alternation of generations seen in Ulva, both phases are multicellular and reproduce via mitosis or meiosis.
Chapter 8 porfera cnardarians
This document summarizes key characteristics of sponges, cnidarians, and comb jellies. Sponges are sessile, multicellular organisms that filter feed and lack tissues. Cnidarians are radially symmetric and have stinging cells, with forms including polyps, jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones. Comb jellies differ in having eight rows of comb plates with cilia for locomotion and lack stinging cells.
General characteristics and classification of phylum Protozoa
The document summarizes the general characteristics, classification, and key features of protozoa. Protozoa are microscopic, eukaryotic, unicellular organisms. They are classified based on their locomotory organelles into four main classes: Flagellata which use flagella for movement; Rhizopoda which use pseudopods; Sporozoa which are exclusively parasitic; and Ciliata which use cilia. Each class has distinguishing characteristics including their locomotion structures, nutrition, reproduction processes, and example genera.
The Fundamental Unit Of Life Class - 9
This PowerPoint Presentation will help the students of Class - 9 to understand that How a Cell Divides and the Organization Of Nucleas and so on. This Slide Presentation will clear your doubts and help you to score good marks in the examinations.
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Syllabus
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
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Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
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Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
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Cell organisation
- 3. Learning outcomes • State the necessity for cell specialisation in multicellular organisms as compared to unicellular organisms • Describe cell specialisation in multicellular organisms
- 4. Unicellular organism • Small and simple organisms • Vital function within a single cell • Depends on cellular component--- organelles • Does not have any organs or systems • Example: Amoeba sp
- 8. Amoeba sp. • Live in freshwater environments and soil water • Have plasma membrane • Changing shape when meets obstacles and responds to stimuli eg acidic water and bright light
- 9. Amoeba’s movement • Extending pseudopodia • Anchoring tips on the ground • Flow of cytoplasm into the projected pseudopodia • Pseudopodia also used for feeding • Feeding by phagocytosis
- 11. Phagocytosis • Extending its pseudopodia • Pseudopodia enclose the food and packaged in a food vacuoles • Food vacuoles fuses with lysosome • Food is digested by enzymes • Absorbed nutrients into the cytoplasm
- 14. Amoeba sp. Feed(makan) -phagocytosis Respire(bernafas) -exchange of gases Excrete(membuang) -waste subtances by Diffusion through plasma membrane Move(gerak) -Pseudopodia Reproduce(membiak) -asexually by binary fission -when environment is favourable
- 16. Multicellular organism • More than one cell eg human Male gamete + Female gamete Zygote 2 identical cells 4 cells 8 cells Embryo White blood cell Nerve cells Red blood cells Sperm cells