Cell Biologyppt
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The document discusses the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus enclosed by membranes and organelles that each perform specific cellular functions. The key differences are that prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or organelles, while eukaryotic cells do have a nucleus surrounded by membranes and organelles within the cell.
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This document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the two main types of cells. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, while eukaryotic cells like plants and animals have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles within membrane boundaries. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.
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This document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It begins with an essential question about what distinguishes these two types of cells if they both contain DNA. It then outlines the lesson objectives and provides an anticipatory video link. The summary describes the main traits of each cell type, noting that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and have fewer organelles while eukaryotes have more complex structures like a nucleus and many membrane-bound organelles. It lists specific organelles found in both cell types and examples of each domain of life. In the end, students are instructed to discuss and summarize the key differences in their own words.
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Prokaryoticandeukaryoticcells
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Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Introduction
# Definition of Prokaryotic Cells
# Definition of Eukaryotic Cells
# Feature of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Common Factor of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Difference Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Cell structure of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
# EXAMPLES OF Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
Differences between an Animal cell and a Plant cell
This PowerPoint presentation shows you the basic differences between a plant and an animal cell. Although they are very similar, the differences aid them in performing different functions.
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Eukaryoticvsprokaryotic
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Pro vs euk
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The document provides an overview of cell biology, describing cell theory which states that all living things are composed of cells, cells provide structure and carry out functions to sustain life, and organisms can be single-celled or multi-cellular. It defines key aspects of cells like the nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membranes, and provides examples of cellular structures and their functions. The document includes interactive questions to test understanding of cell theory.
Prokaryoticandeukaryoticcells
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two basic types of cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus while eukaryotic cells do have a nucleus surrounded by a double membrane. Other differences include that eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex, with organelles that are surrounded by membranes. Both cell types perform similar functions like protein building and have DNA, but eukaryotic DNA is linear while prokaryotic DNA is circular. It is believed that prokaryotes evolved earlier than eukaryotes, around 3.6 billion years ago.
9. the origin of cells
The document discusses the origin of cells. It states that the first cell must have arisen from non-living materials and that all subsequent cells come from pre-existing cells, as demonstrated by Pasteur's experiments. It describes the endosymbiotic theory, which explains the evolution of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells through the engulfment of bacteria that became mitochondria and chloroplasts. Evidence for this includes the similarities in size, structure, DNA, and division of mitochondria and chloroplasts to bacteria.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Introduction
# Definition of Prokaryotic Cells
# Definition of Eukaryotic Cells
# Feature of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Common Factor of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Difference Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
# Cell structure of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
# EXAMPLES OF Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
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This PowerPoint presentation shows you the basic differences between a plant and an animal cell. Although they are very similar, the differences aid them in performing different functions.
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Eukaryotes arose during the Proterozoic eon through endosymbiotic relationships between ancient bacteria and archaea. The nuclear genome is derived from an archaeon that engulfed a bacterium, while the mitochondrial genome comes from alpha-proteobacteria that was engulfed by the nascent eukaryotic cell. Chloroplast genomes originate from cyanobacteria that were engulfed by eukaryotes via endosymbiosis. DNA sequencing supports the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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There are two major kinds of prokaryotes
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The document provides an overview of the history and development of cell theory from its earliest observations in the 1600s to modern understandings. Some key points include:
- Cell theory was first proposed in 1838 by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, stating that cells are the basic unit of life, organisms are made of cells, and cells only come from preexisting cells.
- Modern cell theory has additional components, such as cells containing genetic material that is passed to daughter cells and all cells having similar composition.
- Cells differentiate based on cues or transcription factors, internally or externally, to determine what type of cell they will become. All cells start as stem cells with flexibility before specializing.
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The document outlines the history and development of the cell theory. It discusses early discoveries of cells in the 1600s by Hooke and Leuwenhoek. The cell theory was then developed between 1838-1858 by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, establishing that all organisms are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells only come from preexisting cells. The modern cell theory adds that cells contain DNA, have similar chemical composition and functions, and their activity depends on internal structures. The cell theory is now fundamental to medicine, health research, and understanding that humans are communities of living cells.
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There are two major types of prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea. Prokaryotic cells greatly outnumber eukaryotic cells on Earth. All prokaryotic cells share four main structures - a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and genetic material in the form of DNA and RNA located in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells also sometimes contain other structures like cell walls, pili, and flagella. Despite appearing simpler than eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes display complex behaviors and adaptations that allow them to thrive in diverse environments.
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There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, have circular DNA, and examples include bacteria. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, have linear DNA, and examples include plant, animal, fungus and protist cells. While prokaryotic cells were likely the first to exist on Earth, eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex with internal structures that allow them to perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms.
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The document discusses the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells were the earliest life forms on Earth and lack membrane-bound organelles and nuclei. Eukaryotic cells are more complex, with organelles enclosed in membranes and linear DNA contained within a nucleus. While prokaryotes can only be unicellular, eukaryotes can be either unicellular or multicellular.
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1. The document discusses the cell as the basic unit of life and provides a detailed overview of cell theory and cell structure. It describes key discoveries in cell biology including Hooke's observation of cells in cork and van Leeuwenhoek's discovery of single-celled organisms under the microscope.
2. The three main points of cell theory are presented: all living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure and function, and cells only come from pre-existing cells. Common features of cells like the cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and organelles are also outlined.
3. Modern additions to cell theory are noted including that cells contain DNA, have similar composition and metabolism, and function
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The document discusses innate healing from philosophical, physiological, cellular, and psychological perspectives.
Physiologically, innate healing is known as innate immunity, which includes physical barriers like skin, mucous membranes, and cilia. The innate immune system also contains cells and proteins that fight pathogens.
Cellular aspects of innate healing involve phagocytosis, inflammation, cellular adaptation, and cell death. These processes help clear pathogens and promote healing.
Psychologically, the mind employs defense mechanisms unconsciously to reduce anxiety and maintain homeostasis. Innate healing aims to reconnect the body with its inherent self-healing abilities.
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The document discusses cell theory and provides a brief history and overview of key concepts. It states that all living things are made of cells, which are the smallest units of life. Unicellular organisms consist of single cells, while multicellular organisms have specialized cell types. Cells come only from existing cells through division.
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The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the smallest unit of life, and existing cells come from other cells. Evidence for the cell theory includes observations of organisms under microscopes appearing to be made of cells, Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek's early microscopic observations of cells, cells carrying out functions but components not surviving independently, and all cells undergoing cell division. Unicellular organisms carry out all the functions of life such as metabolism, sensitivity, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, nutrition, and movement within a single cell.
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Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a microscope. The cell theory developed in 1839 states that all living things are composed of cells, cells come from preexisting cells, vital life functions occur within cells, and cells contain the hereditary information to direct their functions. Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago. Animal cells and plant cells have similar components but differ in structures like chloroplasts that allow plant cells to perform photosynthesis. Viruses consist of genetic material inside a protein coat and can only replicate within host cells.
6. stem cells
Stem cells have the ability to divide and differentiate into different cell types, making them useful for research and medical therapies. There are ethical issues surrounding stem cell research, depending on the source of stem cells. Stem cells can be obtained from embryos, umbilical cord blood, and adult tissues, with differing properties and therapeutic potential. While stem cell therapies may help treat currently incurable diseases, the use of embryonic stem cells is controversial due to arguments that the embryo represents nascent human life. The benefits of therapies must be weighed against any risks.
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The document provides an overview of the history and development of cell theory from its earliest observations in the 1600s to modern understandings. Some key points include:
- Cell theory was first proposed in 1838 by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, stating that cells are the basic unit of life, organisms are made of cells, and cells only come from preexisting cells.
- Modern cell theory has additional components, such as cells containing genetic material that is passed to daughter cells and all cells having similar composition.
- Cells differentiate based on cues or transcription factors, internally or externally, to determine what type of cell they will become. All cells start as stem cells with flexibility before specializing.
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There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus and are generally smaller, while eukaryotic cells do have a nucleus and are larger with many specialized organelles. The key difference between the two cell types is whether or not they contain a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cell structure
Eukaryotic cells have organelles that compartmentalize functions. Key organelles include the nucleus, which contains DNA; mitochondria and chloroplasts, which generate energy; and the endomembrane system of ER, Golgi, and vesicles, which modifies and transports proteins. The cytoskeleton, including microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments, maintains cell shape and enables movement. Plant cells have additional structures like cell walls and plasmodesmata between cells.
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This document outlines the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It notes that there are two main types of cells - prokaryotes, which are the simplest life forms and earliest inhabitants of Earth, and eukaryotes, which developed from prokaryotes and include more complex multicellular organisms like animals, plants and fungi. Prokaryotes exist in two kingdoms - bacteria and archaebacteria, which can survive in extreme environments, while eukaryotes are larger and have membrane-bound nuclei and organelles.
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Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Organisms can be either unicellular, consisting of a single cell, or multicellular, composed of many cells. Unicellular organisms have cells that carry out all life functions, while multicellular organisms differentiate cells to take on specialized roles. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells come only from pre-existing cells, and the cell is the basic unit of structure and function.
Stem cells
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Cell theory
The document outlines the key discoveries that led to the development of the cell theory. It states that the cell theory proposes that all living things are made up of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from preexisting cells. It identifies the two main types of cells as prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, and eukaryotes, which are multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles such as plant and animal cells.
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The document discusses the structure and function of mitochondria. Key points include:
- Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse of the cell" as they help process nutrients to release energy. They are found in high concentrations in muscle cells requiring more energy.
- Mitochondria are enclosed in two membranes - an outer membrane and inner membrane, with space between called the intermembrane space.
- The inner membrane is more complex and contains electron transport chain and ATP synthase complexes. It is selectively permeable.
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Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in their complexity. Prokaryotic cells are simpler and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles enclosed within membranes. Key differences include prokaryotes having circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm versus eukaryotes with linear DNA enclosed in a nucleus. Prokaryotes emerged billions of years ago as the first and only form of life for a long time, while eukaryotes developed later and are generally more complex with the potential to be multicellular. Both cell types share some basic components like cell membranes, ribosomes, and DNA.
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- 1. Cell Biology Prokaryotic Vs Eykaryotic!
- 2. Cells: The Building Blocks of Life The CELL THEORY states that all living things are made of cells Cells come from other cells Cells in our world come in two basic types: -Prokaryotic - Eukaryotic
- 3. Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic “Karyose” comes from Greek word for “kernel” and is used in biology to refer to the nucleus of the cell “Pro” means “before” therefore PROkaryotic means before a nucleus (or a cell having no nucleus or a fake nucleus “Eu” means “true” therefore Eukaryotics means possessing a true nucleus
- 5. Differences between the two Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Have NO nucleus enclosed within membranes Have NO organelles enclosed within membranes Have nucleus enclosed within membranes Have organelles enclosed within membranes Each organelle does a specific cell function
- 7. References: College of DuPage(2000) Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. http://www.cod.edu/PEOPLE/FACULTY/FANCHER/ProkEuk.htm Gardiner, L. & Russel, R. (2008) Cells: the building blocks of life. University of Michigan. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Life/cell_intro.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nP9lZG94DO0&feature=related