This document compares and contrasts prokaryote and eukaryote cells. It notes that prokaryotes, like bacteria, are unicellular and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes, which include plant, animal and protist cells, have organelles enclosed within membranes and can be either unicellular or multicellular. The key distinguishing feature between these cell types is that eukaryotes have a cell nucleus containing DNA, while prokaryotes do not. The document also outlines some of the major organelles found in different eukaryotic cell types.
Cell Definition
What is a Cell?
Discovery of Cells
Who discovered cells?
Characteristics of Cells
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Structure
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell Organelles
Functions of Cell
Cell Theory
Cell Definition
What is a Cell?
Discovery of Cells
Who discovered cells?
Characteristics of Cells
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Structure
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell Organelles
Functions of Cell
Cell Theory
In the realm of biology, understanding the cell is akin to unlocking the secrets of life itself. The Class 11 Biology curriculum introduces students to the fascinating world of cells, encapsulating the intricate processes that sustain living organisms. The chapter aptly titled "Cell: The Unit of Life" serves as a foundational cornerstone, laying the groundwork for a comprehensive understanding of biology and the complexity of life.
In the realm of biology, understanding the cell is akin to unlocking the secrets of life itself. The Class 11 Biology curriculum introduces students to the fascinating world of cells, encapsulating the intricate processes that sustain living organisms. The chapter aptly titled "Cell: The Unit of Life" serves as a foundational cornerstone, laying the groundwork for a comprehensive understanding of biology and the complexity of life.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Prokaryote_vs_Eukaryote_Cells.pdf
1. Prokaryote Cell vs Eukaryote Cell
How are these alike? How are they different?
Karen Storey; Kernersville Middle School
September 12, 2014 Cell Diagram: Mariana Ruiz, pub domain
2. What does a cell look like?
• The first person to come up with this word
was Robert Hooke. In 1665 he used a very
simple microscope to look at a piece of
cork. Cork comes from a tree.
• What do you think he saw?
3. 175 years later….
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek became the first
person documented that saw living cells
under the microscope. He called these
cells “animalcules” (little animals)
• What do you think he saw?
4. By 1855, microscope were the
“new way/cool” technology
• Rudolf Virchow actually saw cells
reproducing!
5. The Cellular Level of Organization
Living things are constructed of cells.
Living things may be unicellular or multicellular.
Cell structure is diverse but all cells share common characteristics.
Cells are small so they can exchange materials with their surroundings.
Surface area relative to the volume decreases as size of cell increases.
- limits the size of cells
TEACHER HINT! KNOW THIS….
__________CELL THEORY_______ states:
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms.
3. All cells come only from other cells.
6. Tell me about Prokaryotes…
Diagrams:
Prokaryotic Mariana Ruiz
Binary Fission, JW Schmidt
Prokaryotes are
bacteria.
Unicellular with a
cell wall.
Cell wall can be
stained.
7. Why are these differences
in cell wall structure so
important?
Images: Sources unknown
8. We use the color of the stain to determine what type of antibiotic to
use to eliminate the disease they cause.
Gram-positive (purple) Gram-negative (red)
Prokaryotes - Cell Wall
Images: PHIL Public Health Image Library
9. Ok…so what is Eukaryote Cell?
• (eu-, “true”, karyon,
“nucleus”)
• Genetic material
contained in a nuclear
membrane.
• Membrane bound
organelles.
• Evolved from
prokaryotic cells.
Image: Mariana Ruiz
10. Remember: Plants cells have cell walls. Think about their “box-like”
shape. Animal cells do not! (Remember all the different shapes you
saw??)
ORGANELLES
Animal and plant cells
have organelles.
Organelles
compartmentalize
functions within the
cell.
Image: Mariana Ruiz
13. So there are really two basic types of cells
______Prokaryote : (bacteria)_________
Almost always single-celled
Reproduce by binary fission (another copy by dividing).
No cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles. DNA
travels openly around the cell.
_______Eukaryote : (plant or animal)_______
Most organisms that we can see, such as trees, grass, worms,
flies, mice, humans, mushrooms and yeast are eukaryotes.
Can either be single-celled or multi-celled.
Can reproduce in one of several ways (Ex. meiosis, mitosis).
Have cell nucleus within containing its DNA.
Nucleus most evident distinction between these cell types.
Images: Mariana Ruiz
16. So how are Eukaryotic (Protist, Animal, & Plant) and
Prokaryotic Cells (Bacteria) alike and how are they
different?
Image:
k12station.blogspot.com/2006_08_01_archive.html
17. SUMMARY of North Carolina
Essential Standard7.L.1.2
• All living things are composed of cells,
from just one to many millions, whose
details usually are visible only through a
microscope.
• A cell is the smallest part of any living
thing. There are many parts of a cell.
• Each part of a cell completes a certain
function for the cell.
18. Organelles Found in All
Eukaryotic Cells
• Cell Membrane - forms the outer boundary of
the cell and allows only certain materials to
move into or out of the cell
• Cytoplasm - a gel-like material inside the
cell; it contains water and nutrients for the
cell
• Nucleus - directs the activity of a cell; it
contains chromosomes with the DNA
19. Common Eukaryotic Organelles
Continued
• Nuclear Membrane - separates the
nucleus from the cytoplasm
• Mitochondria - break down food and
release energy to the cell
• Vacuoles - are storage areas for the cell
20. Organelles Only Found in
Plant Cells
• Cell Wall - provides structure to the plant
cell
• Chloroplasts - contain chlorophyll (a
green pigment) used to capture sunlight
and make food for the plant cell