Ceasarean Section
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Caesarean section is the surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. The rate of c-sections has increased in the past 20 years due to factors like previous c-sections and fetal distress. C-sections are indicated for maternal issues like narrow pelvis, as well as fetal issues like distress. The risks of c-section include infection, hemorrhage and injury to nearby organs. Success rates of vaginal birth after c-section are 60-80%, depending on the indication for previous c-sections.
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Ceasarean Section
Caesarean section is the surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. The rate of c-sections has increased in the past 20 years due to factors like previous c-sections and fetal distress. C-sections are indicated for maternal issues like narrow pelvis, or fetal issues like distress or abnormal positioning. Elective c-sections are planned while emergency c-sections are unplanned due to complications. C-sections carry higher risks than vaginal birth, including infection, hemorrhage, and injury. Future pregnancies after a c-section also carry risks of uterine rupture.
Cesearian delivery
This document provides an overview of Caesarean delivery (CD), including its history, indications, types, procedures, complications, and postoperative care. CD is a surgical procedure to deliver babies through incisions in the abdominal wall and uterus. It can be elective or emergency, and indications include fetal distress, abnormal presentation, and maternal conditions. The procedure involves making incisions, delivering the baby, delivering the placenta, and closing incisions. Postoperative care focuses on monitoring for complications like bleeding, infections, and injuries to maternal or neonatal organs. Regional anesthesia like spinal or epidural is preferred over general anesthesia.
Post caeserean pregnancy
This document discusses post-cesarean pregnancy and the risks associated with a previous cesarean delivery. It notes that pregnancy with a prior c-section is now common. A lower segment transverse scar from a c-section generally heals better than a classical or hysterotomy scar. During a subsequent pregnancy and labor, signs of scar rupture include abnormal fetal heart rate, suprapubic or shoulder pain, vaginal bleeding, and loss of station. Early diagnosis is important to reduce mortality and morbidity for both mother and baby. The risks of mortality are higher for rupture of a classical scar compared to a lower segment scar.
Lscs and Vbac
This document discusses caesarean sections and vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC). It outlines the most common indications for caesarean section including previous c-section, dystocia, fetal distress, and breech presentation. It describes the procedure for a lower segment caesarean section and complications that can occur. Finally, it provides guidance on criteria for trial of vaginal delivery and management of a VBAC.
cessrean section
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver fetuses after 28 weeks of gestation through an incision in the abdominal and uterine walls. A primary caesarean section refers to the first operation on a patient, while repeat caesarean sections are performed in subsequent pregnancies. The incidence of caesarean sections is rising due to factors like identifying at-risk fetuses and mothers earlier, and wider use of repeat caesarean sections. Caesarean sections are indicated when vaginal delivery is contraindicated or unsafe for the fetus or mother, with common indications including cephalopelvic disproportion, fetal distress, and previous caesarean delivery.
C section by syed hassnain shah
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It is commonly performed worldwide with main indications including previous C-section, cephalo-pelvic disproportion, fetal distress, malpresentation, and failure to progress in labor. The procedure involves preparing the patient, administering spinal or epidural anesthesia, making a transverse or vertical incision on the lower or upper uterine segment, delivering the baby and placenta, and closing the incisions. Post-operative care focuses on monitoring vitals, bleeding, hydration and pain management during recovery.
Previous cesarean section
The document discusses risks and management considerations for a woman who is pregnant again after a previous Cesarean section. It defines terms like Cesarean section, ERCS, VBAC, and TOLAC. It notes risks in the current pregnancy like abortion, preterm labor, and scar rupture. It explains that classical Cesarean scars are more difficult to appose than lower segment scars. The integrity of the scar must be assessed to determine whether a trial of labor is possible or an elective repeat Cesarean section is required based on factors like the previous surgery, complications, and interval since the last pregnancy. Management includes elective hospitalization from 36 weeks for classical scars or 38 weeks for lower segment sc
Caesarean scar pregnancy.ppt
This case report describes a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy in a 28-year old woman with two previous caesarean deliveries. Ultrasound found the gestational sac located in the lower uterine segment within the region of the previous caesarean scar. 3D imaging confirmed these findings. The differential diagnosis considered cervical ectopic pregnancy and missed abortion but color Doppler showed peripheral flow around the sac, confirming a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. Early detection of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancies by ultrasound is important to reduce risks of complications like hemorrhage which can require emergency hysterectomy.
Recommended
Ceasarean Section
Caesarean section is the surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. The rate of c-sections has increased in the past 20 years due to factors like previous c-sections and fetal distress. C-sections are indicated for maternal issues like narrow pelvis, or fetal issues like distress or abnormal positioning. Elective c-sections are planned while emergency c-sections are unplanned due to complications. C-sections carry higher risks than vaginal birth, including infection, hemorrhage, and injury. Future pregnancies after a c-section also carry risks of uterine rupture.
Cesearian delivery
This document provides an overview of Caesarean delivery (CD), including its history, indications, types, procedures, complications, and postoperative care. CD is a surgical procedure to deliver babies through incisions in the abdominal wall and uterus. It can be elective or emergency, and indications include fetal distress, abnormal presentation, and maternal conditions. The procedure involves making incisions, delivering the baby, delivering the placenta, and closing incisions. Postoperative care focuses on monitoring for complications like bleeding, infections, and injuries to maternal or neonatal organs. Regional anesthesia like spinal or epidural is preferred over general anesthesia.
Post caeserean pregnancy
This document discusses post-cesarean pregnancy and the risks associated with a previous cesarean delivery. It notes that pregnancy with a prior c-section is now common. A lower segment transverse scar from a c-section generally heals better than a classical or hysterotomy scar. During a subsequent pregnancy and labor, signs of scar rupture include abnormal fetal heart rate, suprapubic or shoulder pain, vaginal bleeding, and loss of station. Early diagnosis is important to reduce mortality and morbidity for both mother and baby. The risks of mortality are higher for rupture of a classical scar compared to a lower segment scar.
Lscs and Vbac
This document discusses caesarean sections and vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC). It outlines the most common indications for caesarean section including previous c-section, dystocia, fetal distress, and breech presentation. It describes the procedure for a lower segment caesarean section and complications that can occur. Finally, it provides guidance on criteria for trial of vaginal delivery and management of a VBAC.
cessrean section
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver fetuses after 28 weeks of gestation through an incision in the abdominal and uterine walls. A primary caesarean section refers to the first operation on a patient, while repeat caesarean sections are performed in subsequent pregnancies. The incidence of caesarean sections is rising due to factors like identifying at-risk fetuses and mothers earlier, and wider use of repeat caesarean sections. Caesarean sections are indicated when vaginal delivery is contraindicated or unsafe for the fetus or mother, with common indications including cephalopelvic disproportion, fetal distress, and previous caesarean delivery.
C section by syed hassnain shah
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It is commonly performed worldwide with main indications including previous C-section, cephalo-pelvic disproportion, fetal distress, malpresentation, and failure to progress in labor. The procedure involves preparing the patient, administering spinal or epidural anesthesia, making a transverse or vertical incision on the lower or upper uterine segment, delivering the baby and placenta, and closing the incisions. Post-operative care focuses on monitoring vitals, bleeding, hydration and pain management during recovery.
Previous cesarean section
The document discusses risks and management considerations for a woman who is pregnant again after a previous Cesarean section. It defines terms like Cesarean section, ERCS, VBAC, and TOLAC. It notes risks in the current pregnancy like abortion, preterm labor, and scar rupture. It explains that classical Cesarean scars are more difficult to appose than lower segment scars. The integrity of the scar must be assessed to determine whether a trial of labor is possible or an elective repeat Cesarean section is required based on factors like the previous surgery, complications, and interval since the last pregnancy. Management includes elective hospitalization from 36 weeks for classical scars or 38 weeks for lower segment sc
Caesarean scar pregnancy.ppt
This case report describes a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy in a 28-year old woman with two previous caesarean deliveries. Ultrasound found the gestational sac located in the lower uterine segment within the region of the previous caesarean scar. 3D imaging confirmed these findings. The differential diagnosis considered cervical ectopic pregnancy and missed abortion but color Doppler showed peripheral flow around the sac, confirming a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. Early detection of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancies by ultrasound is important to reduce risks of complications like hemorrhage which can require emergency hysterectomy.
Difficult c section
THIS WAS PRESENTED AT SAFOG MOGS "SMART CONFERENCE "IN MUMBAI
PREPARED WITH HELP OF DR SUCHITRA PANDIT,DR CN PURANDARE AND DR ALPESH GANDHI.....VIDEOS CAN BE SEEN AT U TUBE
C - section complications
its important for everyone to know what is c-section and its complications. feel free to msg me if there are any doubts
The Brief History of Caesarean Section
This document summarizes the history of Caesarean section from ancient times to modern day. It describes how early C-sections were performed on dying or dead women to save infants. Over time, as surgical techniques advanced, the purpose shifted to also saving mothers. Key developments included the first documented surviving mother in the 1580s, improved antiseptic techniques in the late 1800s, and advances like spinal anesthesia in the 1900s that made C-sections much safer. The document traces the evolving name, various ancient and traditional practices, and important figures like Ferdinand Kehrer who introduced modern C-section techniques.
Caesarean section
The document discusses Caesarean section (CS), including its history, types, indications, contraindications, technique, and complications. It defines CS as the delivery of the fetus through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall. The document outlines various types of CS according to timing, gestational age, and uterine incision. It provides detailed lists of maternal, fetal, and fetomaternal indications and contraindications for performing a CS. The step-by-step technique for performing a CS is also described. Potential intra-operative, early postoperative, and long-term complications are discussed.
Tolac trial of labour after section
This document discusses trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC) versus elective repeat cesarean section for women with a prior cesarean delivery. It notes that 60-80% of women who attempt TOLAC will have a successful vaginal birth. The risks of TOLAC include uterine rupture, failed trial of labor requiring emergency cesarean, and slightly increased risk of complications for the baby. The risks of elective repeat cesarean include increased risks for placenta problems and complications in future pregnancies. The document provides an overview of the risks, benefits, and success rates to help women decide which option is safest for their individual situation.
Vbac2
This document discusses vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) and trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). It outlines the risks of uterine rupture and other complications for the mother and fetus. For a woman to be eligible for a VBAC, she must have had only one previous cesarean delivery, provide informed consent, be in spontaneous labor, have an adequate pelvis and favorable fetal position, and have no other medical complications. Close monitoring is needed during a VBAC due to risks of scar dehiscence or a complete uterine rupture.
Post Caesarian Pregnancy
This document discusses the risks associated with pregnancy after a previous caesarean section and the management options. It notes that a lower segment transverse scar usually heals better than a classical/hysterotomy scar. For a pregnancy after a previous c-section, management may involve a trial of vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) or an elective repeat c-section, depending on factors like the type of previous scar and any complications. Careful monitoring during labor is important if attempting a VBAC due to risks like uterine rupture.
Wedding sexua lgenita ltrauma
1) Genital trauma during first intercourse, known as wedding trauma, most commonly causes minor injuries in women such as lacerations or abrasions that typically heal with little or no treatment.
2) Factors that can contribute to genital injuries during intercourse include lack of lubrication, disproportionate genital sizes, forceful or rough thrusting, and certain sexual positions. Younger women and those with infections or other genital abnormalities are also at higher risk.
3) Treatment depends on the severity of the injury. While shallow tears may heal on their own, deep lacerations require sutures. Seeking medical care is advised for bleeding, pain, discharge or fever. Proper diagnosis and repair
Rupture uterus
Uterine rupture is a life-threatening condition where the wall of the uterus tears, potentially exposing the fetus and placenta to the mother's abdominal cavity. It most commonly occurs in women with a previous cesarean section scar. Signs include acute abdominal pain, fetal distress, and hemorrhage. Diagnosis is often made using ultrasound or MRI to detect tears in the uterine wall. Immediate exploratory laparotomy and cesarean delivery is usually required for treatment. Conservative uterine repair may be attempted for some cases but hysterectomy is often necessary due to severe hemorrhage. Prevention focuses on careful management of trial of labor for women with previous scars.
previous caesarean
This document discusses management considerations for pregnancies following previous caesarean sections. It finds that pregnancies after a previous classical/hysterotomy scar carry a higher risk of uterine rupture compared to those with a previous lower segment transverse scar. For classical scars, an elective repeat caesarean is recommended at 38 weeks. Those with a previous lower segment scar can attempt a vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) if certain criteria are met, like a prior nonrecurring indication and adequate monitoring resources. Strict monitoring during labour is needed for all previous scar pregnancies to detect any signs of scar rupture.
Post lscs pregnancy
1. The document discusses post-cesarean pregnancy and management options. Women with a previous cesarean section have an increased risk of complications during subsequent pregnancies like scar rupture or dehiscence.
2. Trial of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) can be attempted if the first cesarean section was low transverse and facilities for emergency cesarean are available. Risk factors like classical or inverted-T incisions or medical complications contraindicate VBAC.
3. Close monitoring during labor is needed for VBAC due to risks of uterine rupture which can be life-threatening for the mother and baby if not recognized promptly. Elective repeat cesarean is recommended if VB
Cesarean section
retract the wound edges laterally using self-retaining
retractors to expose the peritoneal cavity
Operative Techniques
IV.Abdominal wall incision
Sub-umblical vertical midline incision
Disadvantages:
1. Poor cosmetic results
2. Higher incidence of incisional hernia
3. Limited exposure of adnexae
4. More pain in the postoperative period
5. Difficult to close the incision in obese patients
So Pfannenstiel incision is preferred in elective cases and midline
incision in emergency cases or when good exposure is needed.
The choice depends on the obstetrician preference and the
clinical situation.
Vbac
- The patient is a 27-year-old woman (G2P1L1) who is 40 weeks pregnant and has a previous cesarean section 2 years ago for breech presentation.
- She was admitted with oligohydramnios and underwent a prolonged latent phase of labor with delayed interventions.
- The baby was eventually delivered via emergency cesarean section with low Apgar scores and developed profound neurological disabilities.
FIRST TRIMESTER BLEEDING
This document discusses first trimester bleeding, which occurs in 20-40% of pregnancies. The main causes are miscarriage (95%), ectopic pregnancy (2%), hydatidiform mole (<1%), and vanishing twin. Diagnosis involves history, examination, ultrasound to determine if the pregnancy is intrauterine, extrauterine, viable, or nonviable. Common ultrasound findings for miscarriage include no fetal heartbeat, subchorionic bleeding, or an empty gestational sac over 20mm. Ectopic pregnancies may appear as an adnexal mass. Rare causes are molar pregnancies, appearing on ultrasound as a "snowstorm" pattern of cysts in the placenta. First trimester bleeding
Caesarean section - indications and types
Caesarean section is the removal of a child through an incision in the abdominal wall of an intact uterus. The incidence of caesarean sections has increased worldwide in the last 25 years, mainly due to repeat caesareans, dystocia, and fetal distress. Indications for caesarean section include maternal factors like previous c-sections, fetal distress, and fetal-maternal factors. The most common type is a lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) which involves a transverse incision in the lower uterine segment. While caesarean section can be life-saving, it carries more risks than a planned vaginal delivery.
Vaginal Birth after C Section (VBAC)
This document provides information on vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) including definitions, risks, guidelines and a case study. It defines key terms like VBAC, discusses risks to mother and baby like uterine rupture, and outlines factors that increase unsuccessful VBAC rates. Antenatal assessment and counseling guidelines are provided. Intrapartum guidelines include trial of labour duration and signs of complications. A case study describes a uterine rupture during labour and allegations of delayed caesarean section.
ibnu jama CS
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure used to deliver babies through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It was historically performed when the mother had died during late pregnancy to save the baby, and the first one on a living woman was in the 1500s. The incidence of C-sections has increased significantly since the 1970s due to abandoning difficult vaginal deliveries in favor of C-sections. There are various types of C-sections classified by timing, incision site, and number of operations. While generally safe, C-sections do carry higher risks than vaginal births, including infection, bleeding, injury to nearby organs, and complications in future pregnancies.
Cesarean delivery
Cesarean delivery, also known as C-section, is the birth of a baby through surgical openings made in the mother's abdomen and uterus. This document discusses the history, indications, risks and complications of cesarean delivery. It notes that the C-section rate has quadrupled since 1965 due to various factors like older maternal age, obesity, litigation concerns and increased use of electronic fetal monitoring. The risks of a C-section include infection, hemorrhage, injury to organs and increased risks with additional C-sections like placenta accreta. The document provides an in-depth overview of cesarean delivery.
Techniques of lscs a review
The document discusses techniques for lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). It summarizes the evolution of cesarean section over time and reviews evidence and recommendations from studies and guidelines on various aspects of performing LSCS, including skin preparation, abdominal entry, uterine incision, placental delivery, wound closure, and thromboprophylaxis. Large trials have compared techniques such as single versus double layer uterine closure, and closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum.
Difficult lscs
LSCS is the most common obstetric procedure but it can be very difficult to manage in cases of previous LSCS, low lying placenta, and PPH. please check out the youtube links to the videos embedded in this PPT.
ADHESIOLYSIS DURING LSCS https://youtu.be/2Hv80v3yu20
BLADDER DISSECTION https://youtu.be/6qsaTJ1yRUY
RECTUS SHEATH ADHESIOLYSIS https://youtu.be/SryJHjuGsME
VECTIS IN FLOATING HEAD DURING LSCS https://youtu.be/3PECperU8Cw
BREECH DELIVERY https://youtu.be/i-LcmTNNVvU
TRANSVERSE LIE WITH IUFD https://youtu.be/hG28uqpkdpU
CONJOINT TWINS https://youtu.be/KLR7D6wkf38
LSCS IN PLACENTA PREVIA https://youtu.be/dNKQwt4KhVY
SYSTEMATIC PELVIC DEVASCULARISATION https://youtu.be/UwSH6V6GBVw
Operative obstetrics by Dr muhammad bilal
This document discusses various operative obstetric procedures including operative vaginal deliveries, cesarean sections, and episiotomy. Operative vaginal deliveries involve using forceps or vacuum extraction to assist with vaginal birth and may be indicated for prolonged labor, fetal compromise, or maternal benefit. Cesarean sections are performed by making incisions in the abdominal and uterine walls to deliver the fetus and may be indicated for dystocia, abnormal fetal position, or fetal distress. Episiotomy involves surgically enlarging the vaginal opening during birth to prevent tearing, facilitate delivery, and reduce birth time. Complications of these procedures include lacerations, infections, hemorrhage, and injury to the mother
C section
Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver babies through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. It was first performed on mothers who died during childbirth to save the baby. The C-section rate in India has increased from 8.5% in 2005-06 to around 17.2% in 2015-16. Indications for C-section include fetal distress, breech positioning, and medical risks in the mother like hypertension or previous C-section. While reducing some risks to mother and baby, C-sections also carry risks of infection, bleeding, pain, and complications in future pregnancies.
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Difficult c section
THIS WAS PRESENTED AT SAFOG MOGS "SMART CONFERENCE "IN MUMBAI
PREPARED WITH HELP OF DR SUCHITRA PANDIT,DR CN PURANDARE AND DR ALPESH GANDHI.....VIDEOS CAN BE SEEN AT U TUBE
C - section complications
its important for everyone to know what is c-section and its complications. feel free to msg me if there are any doubts
The Brief History of Caesarean Section
This document summarizes the history of Caesarean section from ancient times to modern day. It describes how early C-sections were performed on dying or dead women to save infants. Over time, as surgical techniques advanced, the purpose shifted to also saving mothers. Key developments included the first documented surviving mother in the 1580s, improved antiseptic techniques in the late 1800s, and advances like spinal anesthesia in the 1900s that made C-sections much safer. The document traces the evolving name, various ancient and traditional practices, and important figures like Ferdinand Kehrer who introduced modern C-section techniques.
Caesarean section
The document discusses Caesarean section (CS), including its history, types, indications, contraindications, technique, and complications. It defines CS as the delivery of the fetus through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall. The document outlines various types of CS according to timing, gestational age, and uterine incision. It provides detailed lists of maternal, fetal, and fetomaternal indications and contraindications for performing a CS. The step-by-step technique for performing a CS is also described. Potential intra-operative, early postoperative, and long-term complications are discussed.
Tolac trial of labour after section
This document discusses trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC) versus elective repeat cesarean section for women with a prior cesarean delivery. It notes that 60-80% of women who attempt TOLAC will have a successful vaginal birth. The risks of TOLAC include uterine rupture, failed trial of labor requiring emergency cesarean, and slightly increased risk of complications for the baby. The risks of elective repeat cesarean include increased risks for placenta problems and complications in future pregnancies. The document provides an overview of the risks, benefits, and success rates to help women decide which option is safest for their individual situation.
Vbac2
This document discusses vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) and trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). It outlines the risks of uterine rupture and other complications for the mother and fetus. For a woman to be eligible for a VBAC, she must have had only one previous cesarean delivery, provide informed consent, be in spontaneous labor, have an adequate pelvis and favorable fetal position, and have no other medical complications. Close monitoring is needed during a VBAC due to risks of scar dehiscence or a complete uterine rupture.
Post Caesarian Pregnancy
This document discusses the risks associated with pregnancy after a previous caesarean section and the management options. It notes that a lower segment transverse scar usually heals better than a classical/hysterotomy scar. For a pregnancy after a previous c-section, management may involve a trial of vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) or an elective repeat c-section, depending on factors like the type of previous scar and any complications. Careful monitoring during labor is important if attempting a VBAC due to risks like uterine rupture.
Wedding sexua lgenita ltrauma
1) Genital trauma during first intercourse, known as wedding trauma, most commonly causes minor injuries in women such as lacerations or abrasions that typically heal with little or no treatment.
2) Factors that can contribute to genital injuries during intercourse include lack of lubrication, disproportionate genital sizes, forceful or rough thrusting, and certain sexual positions. Younger women and those with infections or other genital abnormalities are also at higher risk.
3) Treatment depends on the severity of the injury. While shallow tears may heal on their own, deep lacerations require sutures. Seeking medical care is advised for bleeding, pain, discharge or fever. Proper diagnosis and repair
Rupture uterus
Uterine rupture is a life-threatening condition where the wall of the uterus tears, potentially exposing the fetus and placenta to the mother's abdominal cavity. It most commonly occurs in women with a previous cesarean section scar. Signs include acute abdominal pain, fetal distress, and hemorrhage. Diagnosis is often made using ultrasound or MRI to detect tears in the uterine wall. Immediate exploratory laparotomy and cesarean delivery is usually required for treatment. Conservative uterine repair may be attempted for some cases but hysterectomy is often necessary due to severe hemorrhage. Prevention focuses on careful management of trial of labor for women with previous scars.
previous caesarean
This document discusses management considerations for pregnancies following previous caesarean sections. It finds that pregnancies after a previous classical/hysterotomy scar carry a higher risk of uterine rupture compared to those with a previous lower segment transverse scar. For classical scars, an elective repeat caesarean is recommended at 38 weeks. Those with a previous lower segment scar can attempt a vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) if certain criteria are met, like a prior nonrecurring indication and adequate monitoring resources. Strict monitoring during labour is needed for all previous scar pregnancies to detect any signs of scar rupture.
Post lscs pregnancy
1. The document discusses post-cesarean pregnancy and management options. Women with a previous cesarean section have an increased risk of complications during subsequent pregnancies like scar rupture or dehiscence.
2. Trial of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) can be attempted if the first cesarean section was low transverse and facilities for emergency cesarean are available. Risk factors like classical or inverted-T incisions or medical complications contraindicate VBAC.
3. Close monitoring during labor is needed for VBAC due to risks of uterine rupture which can be life-threatening for the mother and baby if not recognized promptly. Elective repeat cesarean is recommended if VB
Cesarean section
retract the wound edges laterally using self-retaining
retractors to expose the peritoneal cavity
Operative Techniques
IV.Abdominal wall incision
Sub-umblical vertical midline incision
Disadvantages:
1. Poor cosmetic results
2. Higher incidence of incisional hernia
3. Limited exposure of adnexae
4. More pain in the postoperative period
5. Difficult to close the incision in obese patients
So Pfannenstiel incision is preferred in elective cases and midline
incision in emergency cases or when good exposure is needed.
The choice depends on the obstetrician preference and the
clinical situation.
Vbac
- The patient is a 27-year-old woman (G2P1L1) who is 40 weeks pregnant and has a previous cesarean section 2 years ago for breech presentation.
- She was admitted with oligohydramnios and underwent a prolonged latent phase of labor with delayed interventions.
- The baby was eventually delivered via emergency cesarean section with low Apgar scores and developed profound neurological disabilities.
FIRST TRIMESTER BLEEDING
This document discusses first trimester bleeding, which occurs in 20-40% of pregnancies. The main causes are miscarriage (95%), ectopic pregnancy (2%), hydatidiform mole (<1%), and vanishing twin. Diagnosis involves history, examination, ultrasound to determine if the pregnancy is intrauterine, extrauterine, viable, or nonviable. Common ultrasound findings for miscarriage include no fetal heartbeat, subchorionic bleeding, or an empty gestational sac over 20mm. Ectopic pregnancies may appear as an adnexal mass. Rare causes are molar pregnancies, appearing on ultrasound as a "snowstorm" pattern of cysts in the placenta. First trimester bleeding
Caesarean section - indications and types
Caesarean section is the removal of a child through an incision in the abdominal wall of an intact uterus. The incidence of caesarean sections has increased worldwide in the last 25 years, mainly due to repeat caesareans, dystocia, and fetal distress. Indications for caesarean section include maternal factors like previous c-sections, fetal distress, and fetal-maternal factors. The most common type is a lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) which involves a transverse incision in the lower uterine segment. While caesarean section can be life-saving, it carries more risks than a planned vaginal delivery.
Vaginal Birth after C Section (VBAC)
This document provides information on vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) including definitions, risks, guidelines and a case study. It defines key terms like VBAC, discusses risks to mother and baby like uterine rupture, and outlines factors that increase unsuccessful VBAC rates. Antenatal assessment and counseling guidelines are provided. Intrapartum guidelines include trial of labour duration and signs of complications. A case study describes a uterine rupture during labour and allegations of delayed caesarean section.
ibnu jama CS
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure used to deliver babies through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It was historically performed when the mother had died during late pregnancy to save the baby, and the first one on a living woman was in the 1500s. The incidence of C-sections has increased significantly since the 1970s due to abandoning difficult vaginal deliveries in favor of C-sections. There are various types of C-sections classified by timing, incision site, and number of operations. While generally safe, C-sections do carry higher risks than vaginal births, including infection, bleeding, injury to nearby organs, and complications in future pregnancies.
Cesarean delivery
Cesarean delivery, also known as C-section, is the birth of a baby through surgical openings made in the mother's abdomen and uterus. This document discusses the history, indications, risks and complications of cesarean delivery. It notes that the C-section rate has quadrupled since 1965 due to various factors like older maternal age, obesity, litigation concerns and increased use of electronic fetal monitoring. The risks of a C-section include infection, hemorrhage, injury to organs and increased risks with additional C-sections like placenta accreta. The document provides an in-depth overview of cesarean delivery.
Techniques of lscs a review
The document discusses techniques for lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). It summarizes the evolution of cesarean section over time and reviews evidence and recommendations from studies and guidelines on various aspects of performing LSCS, including skin preparation, abdominal entry, uterine incision, placental delivery, wound closure, and thromboprophylaxis. Large trials have compared techniques such as single versus double layer uterine closure, and closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum.
Difficult lscs
LSCS is the most common obstetric procedure but it can be very difficult to manage in cases of previous LSCS, low lying placenta, and PPH. please check out the youtube links to the videos embedded in this PPT.
ADHESIOLYSIS DURING LSCS https://youtu.be/2Hv80v3yu20
BLADDER DISSECTION https://youtu.be/6qsaTJ1yRUY
RECTUS SHEATH ADHESIOLYSIS https://youtu.be/SryJHjuGsME
VECTIS IN FLOATING HEAD DURING LSCS https://youtu.be/3PECperU8Cw
BREECH DELIVERY https://youtu.be/i-LcmTNNVvU
TRANSVERSE LIE WITH IUFD https://youtu.be/hG28uqpkdpU
CONJOINT TWINS https://youtu.be/KLR7D6wkf38
LSCS IN PLACENTA PREVIA https://youtu.be/dNKQwt4KhVY
SYSTEMATIC PELVIC DEVASCULARISATION https://youtu.be/UwSH6V6GBVw
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Similar to Ceasarean Section
Operative obstetrics by Dr muhammad bilal
This document discusses various operative obstetric procedures including operative vaginal deliveries, cesarean sections, and episiotomy. Operative vaginal deliveries involve using forceps or vacuum extraction to assist with vaginal birth and may be indicated for prolonged labor, fetal compromise, or maternal benefit. Cesarean sections are performed by making incisions in the abdominal and uterine walls to deliver the fetus and may be indicated for dystocia, abnormal fetal position, or fetal distress. Episiotomy involves surgically enlarging the vaginal opening during birth to prevent tearing, facilitate delivery, and reduce birth time. Complications of these procedures include lacerations, infections, hemorrhage, and injury to the mother
C section
Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver babies through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. It was first performed on mothers who died during childbirth to save the baby. The C-section rate in India has increased from 8.5% in 2005-06 to around 17.2% in 2015-16. Indications for C-section include fetal distress, breech positioning, and medical risks in the mother like hypertension or previous C-section. While reducing some risks to mother and baby, C-sections also carry risks of infection, bleeding, pain, and complications in future pregnancies.
Caesarean section.ppt
This document discusses caesarean section, including its definition as delivery of the fetus through abdominal and uterine incisions after fetal viability. It provides caesarean section rates ranging from 5% to 40% in different countries. The main indications for caesarean section are labor abnormalities related to the passage or passenger, as well as pregnancy diseases. There are two main types - classical involving a vertical uterine incision, and lower segment involving a transverse incision. Complications can occur during or after the operation and include hemorrhage, infection, and wound issues.
_M3S1 Doc Duncan ( MT - Cesarean Section ) Lect 4 @part 2 Oct 21.pptx
Cesarean section (CS) is the delivery of a fetus through an abdominal incision followed by incision of the uterine wall. Reasons for increasing CS rates include the safety of the operation, delivery of breech babies by CS, and fear of uterine rupture after a previous CS. Local indications for CS in the Philippines include obstructed labor, hemorrhagic complications, abnormal labor patterns, fetal distress, and previous CS, which accounts for 34% of cases. The vertical incision begins above the pubic bone and the fascia and muscles are separated to access the peritoneal cavity. A hysterotomy is then performed, usually transverse or vertical. Maternal mortality from CS is low except in cases of infection,
Antepartum hemorrhage
The document discusses bleeding in late pregnancy or antepartum hemorrhage, which occurs within the third trimester and is a serious complication associated with maternal and fetal risks. The most common causes of antepartum hemorrhage are placenta previa, placenta abruption, and vasa previa. It provides details on the definition, incidence, causes, diagnosis, management, complications and nursing care for each of these conditions.
Cesarean section
This document provides an overview of cesarean section (C-section). It defines a C-section as a surgical procedure to deliver babies through incisions in the abdominal and uterine walls after 28 weeks of gestation. The C-section rate in the US has risen from 5% in 1970 to 31.9% in 2016. While it poses risks, C-section can be the safest delivery method for some women and babies. The document then describes the personnel, procedures, types, indications, risks, and postoperative care of C-sections.
L28 Obstetric emergencies
This document summarizes several obstetric emergencies including maternal collapse, sepsis, hemorrhage, eclampsia, amniotic fluid embolism, umbilical cord prolapse, shoulder dystocia, uterine inversion, uterine rupture, and head impaction during cesarean section. For each emergency, it outlines risk factors, warning signs, management principles, and prevention strategies. The document provides concise yet comprehensive guidance on recognizing and responding to critical situations that can arise during pregnancy and childbirth.
Csection.pptx
1. Caesarean section is a surgical procedure where the fetus, placenta, and membranes are delivered through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterus.
2. The incidence of caesarean sections has risen 2-3 times over the last decade due to improved safety, availability of blood transfusions and antibiotics, and increased awareness of fetal well-being.
3. Common indications for caesarean sections include cephalopelvic disproportion, previous uterine scars, fetal distress, malpresentations, and antepartum hemorrhage.
Csection.pptx
1. Caesarean section is a surgical procedure where the fetus, placenta, and membranes are delivered through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterus.
2. The incidence of caesarean sections has risen 2-3 times over the last decade due to improved safety, availability of blood transfusions and antibiotics, and increased awareness of fetal well-being.
3. Common indications for caesarean sections include cephalopelvic disproportion, previous uterine scars, fetal distress, malpresentations, and antepartum hemorrhage.
Caesareansection best
The document provides details about Caesarean delivery including:
- Caesarean section is the delivery of a fetus through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterus after 28 weeks of gestation.
- WHO recommends an ideal C-section rate of 15-20%.
- Reasons for the increasing rates of C-sections include improved safety, increased diagnosis of fetal distress, repeat C-sections, and client demand.
- The most common type is lower segment C-section which has a transverse incision in the lower uterine segment.
7c9a4939-6417-49a7-b59b-9fd5d6488627-151028203353-lva1-app6891 (1).pptx
Placenta previa is an abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower uterus near or over the cervical os. Risk factors include prior c-sections and advanced maternal age. A client with placenta previa may present with painless vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound is used to diagnose placenta previa. Management involves expectant care like bed rest or active management with cesarean delivery.
Obstructed labor and uterine rupture
This document discusses obstructed labor and uterine rupture. It defines obstructed labor as when the fetus cannot progress through the birth canal despite strong contractions due to an insurmountable barrier. Causes include cephalopelvic disproportion and pelvic abnormalities. Uterine rupture is a full thickness tear of the uterus, which can occur in women with prior uterine scars. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, management including emergency surgery, and complications are described for both conditions. Prevention focuses on antenatal care, monitoring labor, and avoiding risky practices like fundal pressure.
Lecture 16 APH.pptx. power point lecture
This document discusses several causes of antepartum hemorrhage including placental and non-placental causes. It provides details on abruption placenta including risk factors, types, presentation, classification, complications, diagnosis and management. It also discusses placenta previa including types, clinical presentation, investigations, complications and management. Finally, it briefly mentions vasa previa and uterine rupture as additional causes of antepartum hemorrhage.
Pregnancy with previous cesarean section
This document provides information on pregnancy with a previous cesarean section. It defines a cesarean section and lists common indications. It discusses the types of uterine incisions and risks of a post-cesarean pregnancy like scar rupture and morbidly adherent placenta. It provides details on the management of a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) versus elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS). Key points include eligibility criteria for TOLAC, contraindications, and success rates of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC).
Ca cervix
cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer in females and death by its meglancy, there are many female who are unaware of this cancer and its treatment, early detection and its treatment can help females in good prognosis and speedly recovery and can be refer by all nursing student for their knowledge, study, improving skills and application in their clinical practices
Obg seminar
This document discusses bleeding disorders in late pregnancy such as antepartum haemorrhage and its causes including placenta previa and abruption placentae. It describes the diagnosis, management and nursing considerations for women experiencing bleeding in the second half of pregnancy. Complications for both mother and baby are explained. The prognosis is generally good when cases are diagnosed early and properly managed in well-equipped hospitals with blood transfusion facilities and skilled practitioners.
Lower segment cesarean section powe point presention
The document provides information about Caesarean section (C-section), including:
1. C-section is a surgical procedure to deliver babies through an incision in the mother's abdomen if vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk.
2. The incidence of C-section is rising due to various factors like identification of at-risk fetuses/mothers, repeat C-sections, and decline in difficult vaginal deliveries.
3. Common indications for C-section include cephalo-pelvic disproportion, previous C-section, fetal distress, and breech presentation.
4. The procedure involves making an incision through skin, muscles and uterus to deliver the
placenta Previa (APHge).pdf
Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is defined as bleeding from or into the genital tract, occurring from 24+0 weeks of pregnancy and before the birth of the baby. The most important causes of APH are placenta praevia and placental abruption
BLEEDING DISORDERS IN LATE PREGNANCY-Renjini.R....pptx
1) Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, either partially or fully covering the cervix. This can cause bleeding in the second half of pregnancy.
2) Diagnosis is usually made using ultrasound and confirmed during delivery. Management depends on gestational age and involves either expectant monitoring with bed rest or active management through delivery, usually by caesarean section.
3) Complications of placenta previa include bleeding, preterm birth, fetal distress, and increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Prognosis has improved due to early diagnosis, availability of blood transfusions, and caesarean delivery when needed.
Aph Antepartum hemorrhage
The document discusses two conditions that can cause bleeding in late pregnancy - abruptio placenta and placenta previa. Abruptio placenta involves the separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to delivery and common risk factors include hypertension and trauma. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment over the cervical os. Management of both conditions involves monitoring for maternal and fetal stability and either emergency c-section or planned c-section depending on gestational age and severity of bleeding. Complications can include disseminated intravascular coagulation for abruptio placenta or placenta accreta if placenta previa occurs over a previous c-section
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_M3S1 Doc Duncan ( MT - Cesarean Section ) Lect 4 @part 2 Oct 21.pptx
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Ceasarean Section
- 1. CAESAREAN SECTION Dr. Anuradha SRM Medical College & Research center
- 2. •Definition: Caesarean section is the removal of a child through an incision in the abdominal wall of an intact uterus. •Incidence:Increased during last 20 years. Due to: Rpt caesarean deliveries. dystocia. fetal distress.
- 3. •INDICATIONS: Maternal, fetal, fetomaternal. 1.Maternal: CPD and contracted pelvis. 2. Inadequate uterine forces 3. Previous classical cesarean section 4. Previous LSCS 5. Placenta previa 6. Eclampsia or preeclampsia 7. Dystocia due to soft parts 8. Ca Cx
- 4. •FETAL INDICATIONS 1.Fetal distress 2.Prolapse of the umbilical cord 3.Malpresentation 4.BOH & habitual IUD of fetus 5.Abruptio placentae 6.Multiple pregnancy 7.Maternal HIV infection
- 5. Elective caesarian section (Planned operation) Advantages are:- Patient with empty stomach and surgeon usually with full breakfast Best anesthetist available at that time Best assistant and nursing staff. Disadvantages are :- If wrong judgment, premature child may be born. Cervix may not be dilated and hence poor drainage of lochia Lower segment is not formed and hence uterine incision in lower part of upper segment.
- 6. Emergency caesarian section (Unplanned) Working under adverse circumstances:- Patient may be with full stomach and surgeon may be with empty belly Odd working hours either of day or night Anesthetist, assistant and nursing staff may not be of your choice Advantage is :- Mature child as patient is in labor Cervix is open, better drainage of lochia. Lower segment is well formed
- 7. •PROCEDURE: PRE OP PREPARATION: 1.Antacids to reduce the risk of aspiration of acid gastric contents 2. Abd preparation 3. Catheter the bladder 4. Moderate Trendelenburg position with 15 degrees left lateral tilt to prevent supine hypotension
- 8. •ABDOMINAL INCISION 1.Transverse incision: Adv : Excellent functional & cosmetic results. Dis adv : Slower to performmore liable to hematoma formation 2. Vertical incision: Lower segment unapproachable because of fibroids or intraabdominal adhesion
- 9. 1 UTERINE INCISION: Lower segment uterine incision: Adv Better approximation Better healing Rupture in subsequent Pregnancy and labour Is less frequent Convalescence is also smoother ` Difficulty in reflection the rectus sheath from the muscle during next surgery
- 10. •2. CLASSICAL UTERINE INCISION: DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED DURING CS: 1.Floating head 2.Deeply engaged head 3.Impacted shoulder presentation 4.Dilated blood vessels in the lower segment 5.Excessive bleeding 6.Bladder injury
- 11. •Complications of Cs 1.Bleeding 2.Wound infection 3.Urinary tract infection 4.Paralytic ileus 5.Scar rupture
- 12. •MATERNAL MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY Seven times higher at caesarean section than vaginal delivery. Morbidity:Infection, hemorrhage, UTI & thromboembolism
- 13. PREGNANCY FOLLOWING CAESAREAN SECTION RISK OF RUPTURE OF CAESAREAN SECTION SCAR 1.Type of previous uterine incision 0.3-2% -LSCS Classical Cs –9% 2. No of Prev.Cs. 3. Post op period, convalescence and use of oxytocin and prostaglandins to induce or augment labour.
- 14. CHANCE OF A SUCCESSFUL VAGINAL DELIVERY 60 TO 80% 1.Indication of Prev. Cs.: 90% non-recurring indication: Breech, fetal distress, placenta previa, abruption/ maternal bleeding. 60% -recurring indication like dystocia 2. Prev. vaginal delivery 3. Clinically adequate pelvis
- 15. MANAGEMENT OF LABOUR FOLLOWING CS: (VBAC) 1.Careful monitoring 2.Sedation 3.FHR & Maternal pulse –every 15 minutes 4.Signs of commencing rupture. Maternal pulse rate tenderness over the hypogastrium Irregularities of the fetal heart vaginal bleeding / bld stained urine 5. Head on perineum, delivery may be completed by outlet forceps.
- 16. 6. Delay in separation of placenta heavy bld loss evidence of rupture Uterus is explored Cs: Unsatisfactory progress PROM, unengaged head inefficient uterine action Operation theater must be ready for Emerg. Section bld kept ready.
- 17. •TIMING OF ELECTIVE Rpt LSCS: GA : 39 weeks by UPT/FHS/USG in first trimester If GA not confirmed –await spontaneous onset of labour. Confirm fetal maturity by amniotic fluid surfactant assessment
- 18. •PERIPARTUM HYSTERECTOMY Hysterectomy done following vaginal delivery / after Cs delivery INDICATIONS: Rupture of uterus PPH Placenta accreta Ca Cx