This document summarizes various casting processes and their requirements. It describes sand casting, die casting, shell mould casting, investment casting, and centrifugal casting. For each process, it provides an overview and the main steps. Some key points include that sand casting uses sand as the mold material and accounts for over 70% of metal castings. Die casting forces molten metal under high pressure into tool steel dies. Shell mould casting uses a resin-covered sand to form expendable molds. Investment casting is also called lost-wax casting, one of the oldest metal forming techniques. Videos are also included to demonstrate each casting process. Mold cavity, melting, pouring, solidification, mold removal, and cleaning are identified

2. Presented by:
M.Bilal
Yousaf
12-MT-17

3. PRESENTED TO
DR AMJAD
AHMED

4. CASTING, IT’S TYPES AND
REQUIREMENTS

5. CASTING
 Process of making parts of our desired shapes by pouring
molten metal into a prepared mould and after pouring we have
to allow the molten metal to cool or solidify.

6. MOULD:
• A mold or mould is a hollowed-out block that is filled with a
molten material. The liquid hardens or sets inside the mold,
adopting its shape.

7. TYPES OF CASTING:
• Sand Casting.
• Die Casting.
• Shell Mould Casting.
• Investment Casting.
• Centrifugal Casting

8. SAND CASTING:
• Sand casting, is a process characterized by using sand as
the mold material. The term "sand casting" can also refer to an object
produced via the sand casting process. Sand castings are produced in
specialized factories called foundries. Over 70% of all metal castings are
produced via a sand casting process.

9. STEPS OF SAND CASTING PROCESS
There are five steps in this process:
I. Place a pattern in sand to create a mold.
II. After the formation of Mould remove the pattern.
III. Fill the mold cavity with molten metal.
IV. Allow the metal to cool.
V. Break away the sand mold and remove the casting

11. VIDEO OF SAND CASTING

12. DIE CASTING:
• It is a metal casting process that is characterized by
forcing molten metal under high pressure into a
prepared mould. The mould cavity is created using two
hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape.

13. STEPS OF DIE CASTING PROCESS:
There are four steps of Die Casting Process.
I. Preparation of Die.
II. Inserting of molten metal into Die.
III. Allowing the molten metal into Die.
IV. Ejection of Casted part from Die.

14. DIE CASTING PROCESS

15. VIDEO OF DIE CASTING:

16. SHELL MOULD CASTING:
• Shell molding, also known as shell-mold casting, is an
expendable mold casting process that uses
a resin covered sand to form the mold.

17. STEPS OF SHELL MOULD CASTING PROCESS:
There are following steps of shell mould casting process.
I. Attachment of heated pattern with sump box.
II. Inversion of sump box along with pattern.
III. Removal of Sump box.
IV. Heating of pattern along with attached mould.
V. Separation of Pattern and mould.
VI. Joining of more than one mould pieces
VII. Pouring of molten metal into mould.
VIII. Solidification of casting.
IX. Get finished parts.

19. VIDEO OF SHELL MOULD CASTING:

20. INVESTMENT CASTING
Investment casting is an industrial process based on and also called lost-wax
casting, one of the oldest known metal-forming techniques .From 5,000 years
ago, when bees wax.
The process is generally used for small castings, but has been used to produce
complete aircraft door frames, steel castings of up to 300 kg.

21. STEPS OF INVESTMENT CASTING PROCESS:
These are the steps of processing of Investment casting
1. Produce the wax patterns.
2. Assemble the wax patterns.
3. Investment.
4. De wax.
5. Burnout & preheating.
6. Pouring.
7. Removal.

22. VIDEO OF INVESTMENT CASTING:

23. CENTRIFUGAL CASTING
• Centrifugal casting is a casting technique that is typically used to
cast thin-walled cylinders of hollow shape.

24. VIDEO OF CENTRIFUGAL CASTING:

25. REQUIREMENTS:
1. Mold Cavity
2. Melting Process
3. Pouring Techniques
4. Solidification Process
5. Mold Removal
6. Cleaning, Finishing and Inspection

26. • Any Query?