Here you get to know about the Types of Casting process and advantages and disadvantages of it with Application.

1. TYPES OF CASTING
Their Advantages, Disadvantages
and Applications
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2. TYPES OF CASTING
Casting can be of many types, some of them
are:
 Investment casting
 Sand casting
 Die casting
 Centrifugal casting
 Plaster casting
 Permanent mold casting
To be discussed:-
 Investment casting
 Sand casting
 Die casting

3. Investment casting is a centuries-old casting process also known as lost-
wax casting. It involves coating a wax mold with a liquid material. As the wax
heats up, it begins to melt off. Molten metal is then poured into the mold's
cavity, essentially replacing the cavity's wax with metal.
INVESTMENT
CASTING

4. INVESTMENT
CASTING

5.  It is able to deliver close dimensional tolerances.
 Both ferrous and non-ferrous metals can be casted using investment casting.
 It delivers a good as-cast finish.
 With investment casting, complex shapes, intricate core sections, finer details and thinner walls are
possible.
 It offers a flexibility in design and is a useful process for casting alloys that are difficult to machine.
Advantages

6.  Investment casting has a higher cost associated with it.
 When compared to other types of casting processes, investment casting needs a
longer product-cycle time.
 There is a limitation on the size of parts that can be casted.
Disadvantages

7. Applications
Investment casting is used in the aerospace and power generation industries to produce turbine
blades with complex shapes or cooling systems
Investment casting is also widely used by firearms manufacturers to fabricate firearm receivers,
triggers, hammers, and other precision parts at low cost.
Other industries that use standard investment-cast parts include military, aerospace, medical,
jewellery, airline, automotive and golf clubs especially since the start of 3D printing technology.

8. Sand Casting
Sand casting, also known as sand molded casting, is a metal casting process characterized by
using sand as the mold material. The term "sand casting" can also refer to an object produced
via the sand casting process. Sand castings are produced in
specialized factories called foundries. Over 60% of all metal castings are produced via sand
casting process.

9. Sand Casting

10. Advantages
This is the least expensive process when producing small quantities (normally less than 100) and also
boasts with the least expensive tooling.
With sand casting, manufacturers are able to cast very large parts.
Both ferrous and non-ferrous metals can be casted using this process.
A low post-casting tooling cost.

11.  Sand casting's dimensional accuracy is less than that delivered by other processes.
 This process requires large tolerances.
 The surface finish for ferrous casts delivered by this process usually exceeds 125 RMS.
 Castings produced with this proceed usually exceeds the calculated weight.
Disadvantages

12. Advantages
Sand casting is used for a variety of applications to produce a wide range of parts
including:
 air compressor pistons
 bearings
 blowers & impellers
 bushings
 cams
 electronic equipment
 engine crankcases
 engine oil pans
 fittings
 flywheel castings
 truck chassis parts
 valves
Applications
 gas and oil tanks
 gears
 hardware
 low-pressure valves
 machine parts
 mining machine parts
 oil pans
 printing press
 pump bodies
 pump pistons
 screw nuts
 trailer parts
 worm gears

13. Die Casting
Die casting is a metal casting process that is characterized by
forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity. The mold cavity is
created using two hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape and
work similarly to an injection mold during the process.

14. Die Casting

15. Advantages
 Die casting is able to deliver parts that has a good dimensional tolerance.
 Parts produced using die casting require a minimal amount of post machining.
 It is a cost effective process when used for a high volume production run.
 This process is suitable for metals with a relatively low melting point, such as aluminium, lead,
magnesium, zinc and some copper alloys.

16.  This process is only an economically sound option for a large production quantity, as the tooling costs for
die casting are expensive.
 In this process, it is difficult to guarantee minimum mechanical properties and is thus do not function as
structural parts.
 This process is also not recommended for hydrostatic pressure applications.
 There is a limit on the size of parts that can be casted. It is a suitable process for castings of about up to
75 pounds.
Disadvantages

17. Applications
Die-casting is the largest casting technique that
is used to manufacture consumer, commercial
and industrial products like automobiles, toys,
parts of sink faucet, connector housing, gears,
etc.