The document discusses cascara, a dried bark from the Rhamnus Purshiana de Candolle tree that is used as a purgative. It describes cascara's biological source, family, geographical sources, macroscopic characteristics including color, odor, taste and size/shape. The document also outlines cascara's main chemical constituents including anthranol derivatives and four primary glycosides called cascarasides A, B, C and D. Cascara is used in small doses as a bitter tonic and in larger doses as a purgative.

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2. CASCARA
 Synonyms : Cascara Bark , Cascara Sagrada.
 Biological Source : Cascara is the dried bark of Rhamnus
Purshiana de Candolle .
 Family : Rhamnaceae .
 Geographical Source : It is obtain both from wild and
cultivated small trees in north Carolina , united state . It is also cultivated in western Kanada.

3. Macroscopic Character
 Colour : It is purplish-brown externally and reddish brown internally .
 Odour : Characteristic nauseous.
 Taste : Bitter.
 Size : About 1 to 4 mm is thickness with varying size.
 Shape : Usually, in the broken pieces which are small and flat .

4. Chemical Constituents
The freshly collected Cascara bark contains anthranol derivatives which cause
gripping and emetic effect.
Cascara contain both o-glycoside and c-glycoside . It is contain four primary
glycosides which is also called as cascarasides A, B, C and D .
Anthranol
Use : In small doses it is used as bitter Stomachic and tonic larger doses as purgative .