Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Some of his key contributions include the concepts of archetypes, the collective unconscious, complex, and synchronicity. Jung proposed that archetypes are innate universal prototypes for ideas and may be found in myths, religion, and dreams. The collective unconscious consists of structures common to mankind, structured around archetypes. Jung identified 12 primary archetypes representing basic human motivations and personality traits. He also studied the anima/animus archetypes and the self archetype. Jung's work significantly influenced fields such as psychology, philosophy, and religion.

1. S
Carl Gustav
Jung
Born:
July 26, 1875
Kesswil Thurgau Switzerland
Died:
June 6, 1961
Kusnacht, Zurich Switzerland
Residence: Switzerland
Citizenship: Swiss
Nationality: Swiss
Fields: Psychiatry,
Psychology,
Psychotherapy,
Analytical Psychology

3. Institutions: Burgholzli, Swiss Army ( as a commissioned
officer in World War I)
Alma Mater: University of Basel
Influences
Eugen Bleuler, Freud, Nietzsche Schopenhauer
Influenced:
Joseph Campbell, Hermann Hesse, Erich Neumann,
Ross Nichols, Alan Watts
Spouse: Emma Jung
They had five children:
Agathe, Gret, Franz, Marianne, and Helene.
The marriage lasted until Emma's death in 1955.

5. Antonia Anna "Toni" Wolff
Sabina Spielrein

7. S The term "archetype" has its origins in ancient Greek. The root
words are archein, which means "original or old"; and typos,
which means "pattern, model or type". The combined meaning
is an "original pattern" of which all other similar persons,
objects, or concepts are derived, copied, modeled, or emulated.
S Jung Defined twelve primary types that symbolize basic human
motivations. Each types has it own set of values, meanings and
personality traits.
S The twelve types are divided into three sets of four, namely Ego,
Soul and Self.

8. The term Archetypes can be applied to:
1. An Image
2. A Theme
3. A Symbol
4. An Idea
5. A Character Type
6. A Plot Pattern

9. Archetypes can be express in:
1. Myths
2. Dreams
3. Literature
4. Religion
5. Fantasies
6. Folklore

10. The Ego Types
1. The Innocent
Motto: Free to be you and me
Core desire: to get to paradise
Goal: to be happy
Greatest fear: to be punished for doing something
bad or wrong
Strategy: to do things right
Weakness: boring for all their naive innocence
Talent: faith and optimism
The Innocent is also known as: Utopian,
traditionalist, naive, mystic, saint, romantic, dreamer.

11. 2. The Orphan/Regular Guy or Gal
Motto: All men and women are created equal
Core Desire: connecting with others
Goal: to belong
Greatest fear: to be left out or to stand out from the
crowd
Strategy: develop ordinary solid virtues, be down to
earth, the common touch
Weakness: losing one's own self in an effort to blend
in or for the sake of superficial relationships
Talent: realism, empathy, lack of pretense
The Regular Person is also known as: The good old
boy, everyman, the person next door, the realist, the
working stiff, the solid citizen, the good neighbor, the
silent majority.

12. 3. The Hero
Motto: Where there's a will, there's a way
Core desire: to prove one's worth through
courageous acts
Goal: expert mastery in a way that improves
the world
Greatest fear: weakness, vulnerability, being
a "chicken"
Strategy: to be as strong and competent as
possible
Weakness: arrogance, always needing
another battle to fight
Talent: competence and courage
The Hero is also known as: The warrior,
crusader, rescuer, superhero, the soldier,
dragon slayer, the winner and the team
player.

13. 4. The Caregiver
Motto: Love your neighbor as yourself
Core desire: to protect and care for
others
Goal: to help others
Greatest fear: selfishness and
ingratitude
Strategy: doing things for others
Weakness: martyrdom and being
exploited
Talent: compassion, generosity
The Caregiver is also known as: The
saint, altruist, parent, helper, supporter.

14. The Soul Type
5. The Explorer
Motto: Don't fence me in
Core desire: the freedom to find out who you are
through exploring the world
Goal: to experience a better, more authentic, more
fulfilling life
Biggest fear: getting trapped, conformity, and inner
emptiness
Strategy: journey, seeking out and experiencing new
things, escape from boredom
Weakness: aimless wandering, becoming a misfit
Talent: autonomy, ambition, being true to one's soul
The explorer is also known as: The seeker, iconoclast,
wanderer, individualist, pilgrim

15. 6. The Rebel
Motto: Rules are made to be broken
Core desire: revenge or revolution
Goal: to overturn what isn't working
Greatest fear: to be powerless or
ineffectual
Strategy: disrupt, destroy, or shock
Weakness: crossing over to the dark side,
crime
Talent: outrageousness, radical freedom
The Outlaw is also known as: The rebel,
revolutionary, wild man, the misfit, or
iconoclast.

16. 7. The Lover
Motto: You're the only one
Core desire: intimacy and experience
Goal: being in a relationship with the people, work
and surroundings they love
Greatest fear: being alone, a wallflower, unwanted,
unloved
Strategy: to become more and more physically and
emotionally attractive
Weakness: outward-directed desire to please
others at risk of losing own identity
Talent: passion, gratitude, appreciation, and
commitment
The Lover is also known as: The partner, friend,
intimate, enthusiast, sensualist, spouse, team-
builder.

17. 8. The Creator
Motto: If you can imagine it, it can be done
Core desire: to create things of enduring
value
Goal: to realize a vision
Greatest fear: mediocre vision or execution
Strategy: develop artistic control and skill
Task: to create culture, express own vision
Weakness: perfectionism, bad solutions
Talent: creativity and imagination
The Creator is also known as: The artist,
inventor, innovator, musician, writer or
dreamer.

18. The Self Type
9. The Jester
Motto: You only live once
Core desire: to live in the moment with full
enjoyment
Goal: to have a great time and lighten up the world
Greatest fear: being bored or boring others
Strategy: play, make jokes, be funny
Weakness: frivolity, wasting time
Talent: joy
The Jester is also known as: The fool, trickster,
joker, practical joker or comedian.

19. 10. The Sage
Motto: The truth will set you free
Core desire: to find the truth.
Goal: to use intelligence and analysis to understand
the world.
Biggest fear: being duped, misled—or ignorance.
Strategy: seeking out information and knowledge; self-
reflection and understanding thought processes.
Weakness: can study details forever and never act.
Talent: wisdom, intelligence.
The Sage is also known as: The expert, scholar,
detective, advisor, thinker, philosopher, academic
researcher, thinker, planner, professional, mentor,
teacher, contemplative.

20. 11. The Magician
Motto: I make things happen.
Core desire: understanding the fundamental
laws of the universe
Goal: to make dreams come true
Greatest fear: unintended negative
consequences
Strategy: develop a vision and live by it
Weakness: becoming manipulative
Talent: finding win-win solutions
The Magician is also known as: The visionary,
catalyst, inventor, charismatic leader, shaman,
healer, medicine man.

21. 12. The Ruler
Motto: Power isn't everything, it's the only
thing.
Core desire: control
Goal: create a prosperous, successful family
or community
Strategy: exercise power
Greatest fear: chaos, being overthrown
Weakness: being authoritarian, unable to
delegate
Talent: responsibility, leadership
The Ruler is also known as: The boss, leader,
aristocrat, king, queen, politician, role model,
manager or administrator.

22. Three main forms of
Archetypes:
1.The Shadow
2. The Anima /Animus
4. The Self

23. The Shadow
It is, by its name, dark, shadowy, unknown and potentially troubling. It
embodies chaos and wildness of character. The shadow thus tends not
to obey rules, and in doing so may discover new lands or plunge things
into chaos and battle. It has a sense of the exotic and can be disturbingly
fascinating. In myth, it appears as the wild man, spider-people,
mysterious fighters and dark enemies.
We may see the shadow in others and, if we dare, know it in ourselves.
Mostly, however, we deny it in ourselves and project it onto others. It can
also have a life of its own, as the Other. A powerful goal that some
undertake is to re-integrate the shadow, the dark side, and the light of the
'real' self. If this can be done effectively, then we can become 'whole'
once again, bringing together that which was once split from us.
Our shadow may appear in dreams, hallucinations and musings, often as
something or someone who is bad, fearsome or despicable in some way.
It may seduce through false friendship or threaten with callous
disregard. Encounters with it, as an aspect of the subconscious, may
reveal deeper thoughts and fears. It may also take over direct physical
action when the person is confused, dazed or drugged.

25. The Anima and Animus
The second most prevalent pattern is that of the Anima (female) / Animus
(male), or, more simply, the Soul, and is the route to communication with the
collective unconscious. The anima/animus represents our true self, as
opposed to the masks we wear every day and is the source of our creativity.
These archetypes may appear as someone exotic or unusual in some way,
perhaps with amazing skills and powers. In fiction, heroes, super-heroes and
gods may represent these powerful beings and awaken in us the sense of
omnipotence that we knew in that very early neonatal phase.
Anima and Animus are female and male principles that represent this deep
difference. Whilst men have a fundamental animus and women an anima,
each may also have the other, just as men have a feminine side and women a
masculine. Jung saw men as having one dominant anima, contributed to by
female members of his family, whilst women have a more complex, variable
animus, perhaps made of several parts.
Jung theorized the development of the anima/animus as beginning with
infant projection onto the mother, then projecting onto prospective partners
until a lasting relationship can be found.

27. The Syzygy (the divine couple)
In combination, the anima and animus are known as syzygy (a
word also used to denote alignment of planets), representing
wholeness and completion. This combining brings great power
and can be found in religious combinations such as the Christian
Holy Trinity (Father, Son and Holy ghost).
A perfect partnership between man and woman can occur when
not only are our physical forms compatible but also the anima and
animus. Thus you might find your soul-mate. Finding our
matching other half is a lifetime of search for many of us, and few
of us succeed in this quest. Love of another indicates an actual,
perceived or hoped-for close match.

29. The Self
For Jung, the self is not just 'me' but God. It is the
spirit that connects and is part of the universe. It is
the coherent whole that unifies both consciousness
and unconsciousness. It may be found elsewhere
in such principles as nirvana and ecstatic harmony.
It is perhaps what we called 'the real'.
Jung described creation of the self as a process of
individuation, where all aspects are brought
together as one. Thus 're-birth' is returning to the
wholeness of birth, before we start to split our
selves into many parts.

31. Other archetypes
Jung said that there are a large number of archetypes. These are often
linked to the main archetypes and may represent aspects of them. They also
overlap and many can appear in the same person. For example:
Family archetypes
The father: Stern, powerful, controlling
The mother: Feeding, nurturing, soothing
The child: Birth, beginnings, salvation
Story archetypes
The hero: Rescuer, champion
The maiden: Purity, desire
The wise old man: Knowledge, guidance
The magician: Mysterious, powerful
The earth mother: Nature
The witch or sorceress: Dangerous
The trickster: Deceiving, hidden
Animal archetypes
The faithful dog: Unquestioning loyalty
The enduring horse: Never giving up
The devious cat: Self-serving

32. Concept of Collective Unconscious at
Jung
• Jung concept of collective unconscious is based on
his experiences with schizophrenic persons since he
worked in the Burgholzli psychiatric hospital.
• Archetypes constitute the structure of the collective
unconscious - they are psychic innate dispositions
to experience and represent basic human behavior
and situations. Thus mother-child relationship is
governed by the mother archetype. Father-child - by
the father archetype. Birth, death, power and failure
are controlled by archetypes. The religious and
mystique experiences are also governed by
archetypes.
• The most important of all is the Self, which is the
archetype of the Center of the psychic person,
his/her process.

33. Archetypes manifest themselves through archetypal images (in all the
cultures and religious doctrines), in dreams and visions. Therefore a
great deal of Jungian interest in psyche focuses on dreams and
symbols interpretation in order to discover the compensation induced
by archetypes as marks of psyche transformation.
The collective unconscious is an universal datum, that is, every
human being is endowed with this psychic archetype-layer since
his/her birth. One can not acquire this strata by education or other
conscious effort because it is innate.
We may also describe it as a universal library of human knowledge, or
the sage in man, the very transcendental wisdom that guides
mankind.
Jung stated that the religious experience must be linked with the
experience of the archetypes of the collective unconscious. Thus,
God himself is lived like a psychic experience of the path that leads
one to the realization of his/her psychic wholeness.

34. THE COMPLEX
a core pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes
in the personal unconscious organized around a common theme,
such as power or status. Primarily a psychoanalytic term, it is
found extensively in the works of Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud.
An example of a complex would be as follows: if you had a leg
amputated when you were a child, this would influence your life
in profound ways, even if you were wonderfully successful in
overcoming the handicap. You might have many thoughts,
emotions, memories, feelings of inferiority, triumphs, bitterness
and determinations centering on that one aspect of your life. If
these thoughts troubled you, Jung would say you had a complex
about the leg (Dewey, 2007).
Complex existence is widely agreed upon in the area of depth
psychology. It assumes the most important factors influencing
your personality are deep in the unconscious (Dewey, 2007).
They are generally a way of mapping the psyche, and are crucial
theoretical items of common reference to be found in therapy.
Complexes are believed by Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud to
influence the individual's attitude and behavior.

35. The Synchronicity
Personality theorists have argued for many years about whether
psychological processes function in terms of mechanism or teleology.
Mechanism is the idea that things work in through cause and effect: One
thing leads to another which leads to another, so that the past
determines the present.
Teleology is the idea that we are lead on by our ideas about a future
state, by things like purposes, meanings, values, and so on. Mechanism
is linked with determinism and with the natural sciences. Teleology is
linked with free will and has become rather rare. It is still common
among moral, legal, and religious philosophers, and, of course, among
personality theorists.
Freudians and behaviorists tend to be mechanists, while the neo-
Freudians, humanists, and existentialists tend to be teleologists. Jung
believes that both play a part. But he adds a third alternative called
synchronicity.

36. When we dream or meditate, we
sink into our personal
unconscious, coming closer and
closer to our true selves, the
collective unconscious. It is in
states like this that we are
especially open to
"communications" from other
egos. Synchronicity makes Jung's
theory one of the rare ones that is
not only compatible with
parapsychological phenomena.

37. Jung states that there are two
differing attitudes toward life--
two different modes of
reacting to circumstances. No
one lives completely as one
type or the other; your type
might be innate, at least your
type begins very early in life.
1. Extrovert
2. Introvert

38. 1. Extroverted attitude:
a standpoint characterized by an outward flowing of personal energy
(libido an interest in events, in people and things, a relationship with
them, and a dependence on them. The extrovert is usually ...
a. motivated by outside factors and greatly influenced by the
environment,
b. sociable and confident in unfamiliar surroundings, less cautious,
less fearful, and
c. likes organizations, parties, and tends to be optimistic and
enthusiastic.
d. Weaknesses of the extroverted attitude include:
(1) dependence on making a good impression,
(2) easily making and breaking relationships,
(3) regarding reflection as being morbid and avoiding being alone,
(4) lacking self-criticism, and
(5) accepting the morals and conventions of the day--conventional.

39. 2. Introverted Attitude:
characterized by an inward flowing of personal energy—a withdrawal
concentrating on subjective factors. The introvert is usually ...
a. happy alone with a rich imagination, and
b. prefers reflection to activity.
c. Weakness of the introverted attitude includes :
(1) a lack confidence in relation to people and things and
(2) a tendency to be unsociable, shy, and hesitant.
3. Each type misjudges the other; they tend to notice the negative aspects of
the other.
a. The introvert is seen as egotistical, dull, and self-centered; the extrovert is
seen as superficial and insincere.
b. Our Western attitude is extroverted; value is put on being outgoing which
we consider being well adjusted. The East is seen as inscrutable.
c. Jung says that there is a marked tendency for either type to marry its
opposite (each secretly hopes that the other will take care of the side of the
life each lacks).
(1) All goes well as long as both persons adapt themselves to the needs of
life.
(2) But each person speaks a different language--there is a lack of real

40. FUNCTIONS to orient themselves to their inner and outer worlds. The
functions are as follows:
1. Thinking
(mostly men): gives meaning and understanding; actions are a result of an
intellectually considered motive; life is based on principles. {Thinking has an
underdeveloped valuation of feeling function.}
a. Extroverted
(1) They use thought in making decisions; they are tied to facts, and do not
pursue abstract ideas.
(2) They tend to suppress facts that do not fit into their schemes.
(3) E.g., an empirical scientist or a trivia buff.
b. Introverted:
(1) They are not interested in facts per se but are interested in abstract ideas.
Facts are not collected for their own value.
(2) Introverted thinkers give little attention to their relationship with the world.
(3) E.g., mathematicians, philosophers.

41. 2. Feeling
(mostly women): a rational function that weighs, values, and attaches a proper
value to things. Truth is seen as inter-subjectivity. (The "feeling" is not the result
of something—it’s more like practical wisdom, knowing the appropriate thing to
do under the circumstances-- phronesis). {The feeling type has an
underdeveloped thinking function.}
a. Extroverted:
(1) Personal relationships are important; the extraverted feeling type is well
adjusted to environment.
(2) The tact or charm of this type makes social and family life possible.
(3) E.g., hostesses, diplomats, ministers.
b. Introverted
(1) This type can appear to be too genuine; sometimes they are unadaptable; but
can become constant, reliable friends.
(2) They may appear cold; but "still waters run deep;" they have much sympathy
and understanding for intimate friends
(3) Other characteristics include being religious, musical, and occasionally
capable of fantastic self-sacrifice.
(4) E.g., writer, physician, nurse, psychologist, dramatist.

42. 3. Sensation
(mostly men): emphasis on perception through the senses (The American way
of life.) {Sensation types usually have an underdeveloped intuition function.}
a. Extroverted: emphasis is placed on the object.
(1) This type is sometimes said to be "lost" in the world; they take everything as
it comes and experience everything as it is, no more, no less.
(2) They tend to be calm, easy, jolly, not rational, or
(3) they seek action, efficiency, power and prestige
(4) E.g., politicians, leaders, military, pleasure seekers.
b. Introverted: emphasis on the sensation.
(1) They are sensitive and imaginative.
(2) The introverted sensation types are sometimes difficult to understand;
because they are overwhelmed by impressions—they see things that are not
there, e.g., fiery dragons as faces in automobile grills.
(3) E.g., engineer, artists, musicians.

43. 4. Intuition
( intuition via the unconscious) tells of future possibilities and gives
information of the atmosphere which surrounds experience. The definition of
this function: a perception of realities which are not known to consciousness
and which go on via the unconscious. {The intuitive type usually has an
undeveloped function of sensation.}
a. Extroverted
(1) They dislike safe, familiar, or well-established things.
(2) They often have the capacity to inspire in hopelessly blocked situations.
(3) They use judgment or diagnosis without an objective basis. They are often
effective in new situations where there is no established way to deal with
those situations.
(4) When mistaken, the extroverted intuitive type can lead many people to
ruin.
(5) E.g., traveler, temporary leader.
b. Introverted:
(1) This type often sees visions and is creative.
(2) (2) They squander resources and tend to be creative, artistic, or poetic.
(3). E.g., mystics, poets.

44. Art Therapy
uses art to connect the unconscious mind
to the conscious mind. A person who has
suffered trauma may, through expressing
him- or herself creatively, access buried
memories and feelings.
Jung’s theory of individualization is
connected to this concept. He believed in
the benefits of bringing together the
conscious and the unconscious, which
can be achieved through dreams,
imagination, or even by free association.
Art therapy is another such creative and
imaginative medium, and can be used to
promote healing and harmony within a
person whose emotions are imbalanced
by integrating a person’s mind, body, and
spirit as a coherent whole.

45. Thank you for listening!
Reported by: Lovely Camille A. Raqueno
Maria Eunice A. Solano