Carbon fibers in automotive and aircraft applications
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Carbon fibers have several advantages including high stiffness, high tensile strength, low weight, high chemical resistance, high temperature tolerance and low thermal expansion. These properties have made carbon fiber very popular in aerospace, civil engineering, military, and motor sports, along with other competition sports.
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Carbon Fiber
This document provides an overview of carbon fiber, including its crystal structure, history, properties, manufacturing process, applications, safety issues, and recycling. Carbon fiber is made of carbon atoms bonded in a honeycomb lattice called graphene. It has high strength and stiffness but is also lightweight. Major uses of carbon fiber include aerospace and automotive applications where high strength to weight ratio is important. The manufacturing process involves turning carbon fiber precursor materials like polyacrylonitrile into yarn and fabric for composite materials.
Carbon fiber.1
The document discusses carbon fiber, including its definition, properties, manufacturing process, applications, advantages, and future. It notes that carbon fiber is composed mostly of carbon atoms and is 5-10 micrometers thick. The manufacturing process involves spinning precursor materials like polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or pitch into fibers, then stabilizing, carbonizing, surface treating, and sizing the fibers before using them to form composites. Carbon fiber has high strength and stiffness but is costly to produce. Its applications include aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and civil engineering uses where high strength to weight is needed.
Carbon fiber final
The document discusses carbon fiber, including its:
- Composition of carbon atoms and properties like high strength and stiffness but low weight.
- Uses in aerospace, vehicles, sports equipment due to these properties.
- Production process involving polyacrylonitrile fibers that are stabilized and carbonized at high heat.
- Applications ranging from aircraft and vehicles to sports equipment and medical devices.
- Advantages of light weight, strength and corrosion resistance compared to other materials.
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This document discusses carbon fiber, including its production process, properties, uses, and future applications. It begins by introducing the raw materials used, predominantly polyacrylonitrile, and describes the three steps to produce carbon fiber: oxidation stabilization, carbonization, and graphitization. The properties of carbon fiber are then outlined, such as its high strength-to-weight ratio, dimensional stability, thermal and electrical conductivity. Current and potential future uses of carbon fiber are mentioned, including in aerospace, automotive, civil engineering, and medical applications like prosthetics. The document concludes by discussing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers as composites that provide enhanced strength, stiffness and durability.
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Vivek Shubham presented a seminar on carbon fiber composites for the Mechanical Engineering department at Ajay Binay Institute of Technology. The seminar covered how carbon fibers are made from polyacrylonitrile and pitch precursors, their advantages over steel in being lighter and stronger, and their applications in aerospace, automobiles, sports equipment, wind turbines, construction and medicine due to their high strength and stiffness. The future of carbon fibers is promising as costs decrease and applications expand to areas like energy, electronics, aircraft and automobiles.
Carbon Fibre.pptx
This presentation is about carbon fibre. Carbon fibre is a technical textile product. In this ppt, we have learnt about the history & introduction of carbon fibre and also morphology, properties, chemical structure, crystal structure, manufacturing process, future scope and some end use of carbon fibre.
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Carbon fiber is a strong yet lightweight material made by processing precursor fibers through stabilization, carbonization, and sometimes graphitization stages. There are two main precursors used: polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and pitch. PAN precursor involves oxidation and pyrolysis heating steps, while pitch precursor involves polymerization, stabilization in oxygen, and carbonization in inert gas. Carbon fiber has very high tensile strength, low density, and good electrical conductivity. Its major applications are in aerospace and aircraft industries, automotive bodies, sports equipment, civil engineering, and wind turbine blades due to its advantages of light weight, high strength, and temperature insensitivity. India's first carbon fiber manufacturing plant was inaugurated in 2010.
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This document provides an overview of carbon fiber, including its crystal structure, history, properties, manufacturing process, applications, safety issues, and recycling. Carbon fiber is made of carbon atoms bonded in a honeycomb lattice called graphene. It has high strength and stiffness but is also lightweight. Major uses of carbon fiber include aerospace and automotive applications where high strength to weight ratio is important. The manufacturing process involves turning carbon fiber precursor materials like polyacrylonitrile into yarn and fabric for composite materials.
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The document discusses carbon fiber, including its definition, properties, manufacturing process, applications, advantages, and future. It notes that carbon fiber is composed mostly of carbon atoms and is 5-10 micrometers thick. The manufacturing process involves spinning precursor materials like polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or pitch into fibers, then stabilizing, carbonizing, surface treating, and sizing the fibers before using them to form composites. Carbon fiber has high strength and stiffness but is costly to produce. Its applications include aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and civil engineering uses where high strength to weight is needed.
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The document discusses carbon fiber, including its:
- Composition of carbon atoms and properties like high strength and stiffness but low weight.
- Uses in aerospace, vehicles, sports equipment due to these properties.
- Production process involving polyacrylonitrile fibers that are stabilized and carbonized at high heat.
- Applications ranging from aircraft and vehicles to sports equipment and medical devices.
- Advantages of light weight, strength and corrosion resistance compared to other materials.
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This document discusses carbon fiber, including its production process, properties, uses, and future applications. It begins by introducing the raw materials used, predominantly polyacrylonitrile, and describes the three steps to produce carbon fiber: oxidation stabilization, carbonization, and graphitization. The properties of carbon fiber are then outlined, such as its high strength-to-weight ratio, dimensional stability, thermal and electrical conductivity. Current and potential future uses of carbon fiber are mentioned, including in aerospace, automotive, civil engineering, and medical applications like prosthetics. The document concludes by discussing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers as composites that provide enhanced strength, stiffness and durability.
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Vivek Shubham presented a seminar on carbon fiber composites for the Mechanical Engineering department at Ajay Binay Institute of Technology. The seminar covered how carbon fibers are made from polyacrylonitrile and pitch precursors, their advantages over steel in being lighter and stronger, and their applications in aerospace, automobiles, sports equipment, wind turbines, construction and medicine due to their high strength and stiffness. The future of carbon fibers is promising as costs decrease and applications expand to areas like energy, electronics, aircraft and automobiles.
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This presentation is about carbon fibre. Carbon fibre is a technical textile product. In this ppt, we have learnt about the history & introduction of carbon fibre and also morphology, properties, chemical structure, crystal structure, manufacturing process, future scope and some end use of carbon fibre.
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Carbon fiber is a strong yet lightweight material made by processing precursor fibers through stabilization, carbonization, and sometimes graphitization stages. There are two main precursors used: polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and pitch. PAN precursor involves oxidation and pyrolysis heating steps, while pitch precursor involves polymerization, stabilization in oxygen, and carbonization in inert gas. Carbon fiber has very high tensile strength, low density, and good electrical conductivity. Its major applications are in aerospace and aircraft industries, automotive bodies, sports equipment, civil engineering, and wind turbine blades due to its advantages of light weight, high strength, and temperature insensitivity. India's first carbon fiber manufacturing plant was inaugurated in 2010.
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The document discusses carbon fiber, including that it is composed mostly of carbon atoms and has properties like high stiffness, strength, chemical resistance and temperature tolerance. It describes the manufacturing process of carbon fiber and some of its key applications like in aerospace, automobiles, medical devices, and more. The document also notes that new developments with carbon nanotubes could enable even higher strength carbon fibers and applications in electronics.
Types of Fiber
FIBER SELECTION
Factors to consider when choosing glass type include thermal properties; fiber cost, type of manufacturing process being used, and forms of reinforcement
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Carbocrete is a type of concrete reinforced with carbon fibers, also known as carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC). It combines high-strength concrete with carbon fibers to produce a lightweight, highly stress-resistant composite material. Testing showed that CFRC has higher strength than steel reinforced concrete, with only a quarter of the weight. The carbon fibers are manufactured through a process of stretching, heating, and graphitizing to produce fibers with high tensile strength. Samples of CFRC showed significantly higher strength compared to ordinary concrete when tested over 28 days, with strengths increasing as the fibers were added. CFRC has many potential applications in construction due to its high strength and lightweight properties.
Carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is a thin strand composed mainly of carbon atoms that was first created by Dr. Roger Bacon. It has the highest compressive strength and heat tolerance of reinforcing materials, along with a low density and coefficient of thermal expansion. Carbon fiber is used to reinforce composites, in high-temperature structural applications, and as electrodes for its corrosion resistance and surface area.
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- 1. “carbon fibers in automotive and aircraft applications” BY: ROHAN NAIK
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Carbon fiber is an important raw material for the fabrication of advanced composite materials. • Carbon fiber is defined as a fiber containing at least 92 wt % carbon, while fiber containing 99 wt % of carbon is called as graphite fiber. • Carbon fibers are fibers about 5-10µm in diameters. • It is a material consisting of several fibers and composed mostly of carbon. • carbon fiber materials have high strength to weight ratio.
- 3. LITERATURE SURVEY • 1879, Thomas Edison experimented with carbon fiber, using it as the filament for his light bulbs. • 1950, Dr. Roger Bacon discovered the tensile strength of carbon fiber and was the first to create the modern fiber with petroleum-based polymer. • US Air force and NASA began using carbon fiber for its applications to aircrafts and spacecrafts .
- 4. Carbon fiber Microscopic view of carbon fiber
- 5. Various types of carbon fibers Unidirectional carbon fiber Short fiber Woven carbon fiber Braided sleeve carbon fiber
- 6. Properties of carbon fibers • Low density • High tensile strength • Ability to produce complex shapes and different sizes • Low electrical resistivity • Effect of Sun light Do not change carbon fiber. • Protection against flame Excellent. • Protection ability against insects Do not harm to carbon fiber • Corrosion and chemical resistance material
- 7. Manufacturing process of carbon fiber 1. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) 2. Petroleum pitch 3. Rayon
- 8. Schematic of PAN and Pitch based carbon fiber manufacturing procedure.
- 9. POLYACRYLONITRILE AND PITCH • The Manufacturing Process of Carbon Fibers Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and pitch are the two most common raw products used to produce carbon fibers. • In the thermo set treatment, the fibers are stretched and heated up to 400°C. This step cross-links the carbon chains so that the fibers will not melt in subsequent treatments. • In the carbonize treatment, the fibers are heated to about 800°C in an oxygen free environment. This step removes non- carbon impurities. • The fibers are graphitized; this step stretches the fibers between 50 to 100% elongation, and heats them to temperatures ranging from 1100°C to 3000°C. • The last two treatment steps are surface treatment and epoxy sizing, are preformed to enhance the carbon fiber / epoxy bonding strength.
- 10. ADVANTAGES • It has the greatest compressive strength of all reinforcing materials. • Long service life. • Light weight and low density. • It offer high fatigue and corrosion resistance. • carbon fiber materials have high strength to weight ratio. • Its density is much lower than the density of steel. • Exhibit properties better than any other metal. • High abrasion and wear resistance.
- 11. disadvantages • The main disadvantage of carbon fiber is its cost. • This fiber will cause some forms of cancer of the lungs.
- 12. Applications in sports • Ice Hockey sticks • Bicycle Frames • Helmets • Tennis Rackets • Surfboards • Motor racing
- 14. Applications in automobiles • Racing car chassis • Hoods • Mufflers • Interior panels of a car • Steering wheels
- 16. Application in Aerospace Engineering • Aircraft: main wings • Tail units • Seats • Motor cases • Rockets: nozzle cones • Floor panel • Satellites: Antennas • Solar battery panels
- 18. Conclusion • The 21st Century will be a “Composites Century”. • Carbon fibre will play a significant role in weight reduction for automobiles. • Car designers, Automotive Engineers, Composites Experts, Material suppliers and Part Fabricators will need to work much closer together to achieve optimum benefit from Carbon Fibre applications in Automobile. • It revolutionized the field of light weight materials. • These materials have high strength to weight ratio, So they are best suited for various automobiles and aerospace applications.
- 19. REFERENCES • John A., Alex S., A Review on the Composite Materials used for Automotive Bumper in Passenger Vehicles 4 (4) (2014). • http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/fuel-economy/carbon- fiber-oil-crisis1.htm • http://www.hexcel.com/products/cf_carbonfibers • ] S. CHAND, “Review Carbon fibers for composites", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2000
- 20. Thank you