Vivek Shubham presented a seminar on carbon fiber composites for the Mechanical Engineering department at Ajay Binay Institute of Technology. The seminar covered how carbon fibers are made from polyacrylonitrile and pitch precursors, their advantages over steel in being lighter and stronger, and their applications in aerospace, automobiles, sports equipment, wind turbines, construction and medicine due to their high strength and stiffness. The future of carbon fibers is promising as costs decrease and applications expand to areas like energy, electronics, aircraft and automobiles.

1. NAME :- VIVEK SHUBHAM
BRANCH:- MECHANICAL
REG NO :- 1101206206
GUIDED BY :-K.N PANIGRAHI
:- K.K DAS
:- S.SAMANTARAY
SEMINAR
ON
CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE
DEPARTMENT OF:-
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AJAY BINAY INSTITUTE
OF
TECHNOLOGY CUTTACK
SEM:- 7TH

2.  CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION.
 HOW CARBON FIBRE IS MADE?
 STEEL VS CARBON FIBRE.
 PROPERTIES.
 ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE.
 APPLICATION.
 FUTURE OF CARBON FIBRE.
 CONCLUSION.

3. INTRODUCTION
 A carbon fiber is a long, thin strand material
about 0.0002-0.0004 in (0.005-0.010 mm) in
diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms.
 Carbon fibers have revolutionized the technology
of materials.
 A super strong material that's also extremely
lightweight.
 Thin strands of carbon- even thinner than human
hair.

4. HOW IS CARBON FIBER MADE?
 Production from two sources -:
 Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
 Pitch
 The raw material used to make carbon fiber is
called the precursor.
 Currently, the former PAN-based carbon fiber is
said to be the mainstream

5. Precursors
PAN
PAN
Filament
PITCH
PITCH
Filament

6. CARBON FIBER FROM PAN

7. CARBON FIBER FROM PITCH

8. CARBON FIBER VS
METAL
 Carbon fibers are twice as stiff as
steel and five times as strong as
steel, (per unit of weight).
It is lighter than aluminum and
stiffer than titanium.
which makes it great for almost
anything that requires high strength
and low weight.

9. PROPERTIES
Carbon fiber has very high tensile
strength.
It has low thermal expansion.
It is a light weight material having
low density.
It is a good conductor of electricity.
It can wear a high resistance.

10. ADVANTAGES
 It has long working life.
 It is insensitive to change in temperature.
 It’s properties is much better than any of the
other metals.
 It’s compressive strength is greater than all the
reinforcing material.
 High tensile strength.
 Electrically and thermally conductive.
 Light weight and low density.
 High abrasion and wear resistance.

11. DISADVANTAGE
It is very costly.
It is little bit harmful for the human
body as it cause some form of
cancer of the lungs.

12. APPLICATION
 Aerospace and Aircraft Industry.
 Sports equipments.
 Automobile parts.
 Civil Engineering.
 Energy production; windmill blades.
 Medical applications.
 Electronics Devices

13. AEROSPACE AND
AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY
 In December 2009
Boeing flew the 787
Dreamliner for the first
time. One of the major
design features of the
Dreamliner was its
lightweight, a result of
the use of composite
materials. 50% of the
Dreamliner’s structure
is made up of
composite

14. AEROSPACE AND AIRCRAFT
INDUSTRY
 When it comes to airliners, weight
is money. The heavier a plane is,
the more fuel it takes to drive it
through the air. The more fuel it
takes, the more it costs.
 in June 2013 Airbus is flight testing
the A350XWB. The latest Airbus
now boast a 53% usage of
composite material among its long
lists of new features
 Most of the A350 XWB's wing is
made of the lightweight carbon fiber
reinforced plastic (CFRP)
composites

15. SPORTS EQUIPMENTS
 Tennis rackets, golf clubs,
softball bats, hockey sticks,
and products commonly
manufactured with carbon
fiber reinforced composites
 Anywhere where high
performance is required
carbon fiber's superior
strength to weight ratio
offers significant
advantages, and sporting
goods are no exception. It is
used to replace or reduce
metal, wood and steel
content in a wide variety of
sports applications.

16. SPORTS EQUIPMENTS
 An obvious requirement of
any high performance
racing car, motorbike or
powerboat construction is
that it should be strong and
lightweight.
 Formula One cars are
some of the most expensive
pieces of sporting
equipment and as a result,
a huge amount of money
and research has been put
into the development of
safety and performance of
various materials and
composites over the years

17. SOME OF THE SPORTS
APPLICATIONS IN WHICH CARBON
FIBER IS USED
Sailboats
Gliders
Fishing rods
Running shoes
Bicycles
Rowing shells
archery arrows

18. CONSTRUCTING UP OF WIND MILL
BLADES
 Carbon fiber is used to
provide
the necessary stiffness,
without adding a
tremendous amount of
weight. This is
important, because the
lighter a wind turbine
blade is, the more
efficient it is at
creating electricity

19. CIVIL ENGINEERING
 Due to the characteristics
of the lightweight and
high stiffness of carbon
fiber composite materials,
they are widely used as
reinforcing materials in
building structures, pier
of expressways and
Shinkansen bullet trains.
Recently, they began to
be used as earthquake-
proof or its supportive
materials for buildings.

20. MEDICAL
APPLICATIONS The use of carbon fiber to
strengthen of damaged
cruciate ligaments in the
knee is being researched,
but probably the most well
known medical use is that of
prosthetics – artificial limbs.
 South African athlete Oscar
Histories brought carbon
fiber limbs to prominence
when the International
Association of Athletics
Federations failed to ban
him from competing in the
Beijing Olympics.
 His controversial carbon
fiber right leg was said to
give him an unfair
advantage, and there is still
considerable debate about
this

21. ELECTRONICS FIELD
 Apple
macbook,lenovo
think pad,SONY VAIO
SZ etc.
 Due to the
characteristics of the
high strength, high
stiffness and low
specific gravity of
carbon fiber
composite materials,
they are widely used
in slim-type or
weight- saving
notebook and tablet
PCs.

22. OTHER APPLICATION

23.  May 9th 2010, Former President Dr A P J Abdul Kalam
on Sunday inaugurated the country's first carbon fiber
manufacturing facility. The Rs 250-crore set up will
produce lightweight material for use in defence,
aerospace and infrastructure — under technology
transfer from the Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research's (CSIR) National Aerospace Laboratory
(NAL), which had developed the ultra-light material for
the Light Combat Aircraft.
India gets first carbon
fiber plant

24. FUTURE OF CARBON
FIBER
Because of its high tensile strength and
light weight, many consider carbon fiber
to be the most significant manufacturing
material of our generation. Carbon fiber
may play an increasingly important role
in areas such as-
 Energy. Windmill blades, natural gas storage
and transportation, fuel cells.

25. FUTURE OF CARBON
FIBER
 Carbon nanotubes. Semiconductor materials,
spacecraft, chemical sensors, and other uses
 Aircraft: Defense and commercial Oil
exploration.
 Deep water drilling platforms, drill pipes.
 ircraft. Unmanned aerial vehicles.
 Construction. Lightweight pre-cast concrete,
earthquake protection.
The growth of carbon fiber is fast, and in just 5
years, I imagine this list will be much longer

26. FUTURE OF CARBON
FIBER IN AUTOMOBILE
 A BMW Press Release (2009) details... ‘The
BMW Group and the SGL Group have agreed on
the establishment of a joint venture for the
production of carbon fibers and textile semi-
finished products (CFRP) for use in vehicle
construction. The total investment volume is $
90 million in the first development phase’.
 In December 2011 General Motors announced
that it is working on carbon fiber composites for
mass production of automobiles.

27. FUTURE OF CARBON FIBER IN
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
 As costs come down,
carbon fiber is being more
widely adopted in
automobiles Currently
used just for high
performance vehicles,
carbon fiber technology is
moving into wider use.
 Supercar bodies are built
now, but its wider use is
likely to be in internal
components such as
instrument housings and
seat frames.

28. CARBON FIBER MARKET

29. CONCLUSION
In 2005, carbon fiber had a $90
million market size. Projections
have the market expanding to $2
billion by 2015. To accomplish this,
costs must be reduced and new
applications targeted.

31. Any
question???