The document discusses evidence that supports the theory that Vikings discovered America before Columbus. Archaeological evidence found in locations like Newfoundland, such as remains of horses dated to around 1000 AD that match Norwegian breeds, and buildings resembling Norse architecture from the same time period at sites like L'Anse aux Meadows provide strong physical proof of Viking presence. Additionally, discovered Viking artifacts like nails, woodworking, and 11th century coins not native to Native Americans indicate Norse exploration. Written accounts like the Icelandic Sagas of Erik the Red, though sometimes dismissed for lacking validation, describe voyages that historians have found plausible given Viking seafaring practices and place names, providing early documentation of their travels to