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C++ Memory Management

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Anil Bapat

This talk is about the most error prone part of C++ - The memory management part.

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C++ Memory Management Anil Bapat
Agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Pointer related pitfalls ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Pointer related pitfalls (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Pointer related pitfalls (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
new/delete operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
new/delete operators (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object]
new/delete operators (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object]
new/delete operators (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
placement new/delete ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
the new_handler ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Overloading new/delete operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Overloading new/delete operators (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Overloading new/delete operators (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Why replace new/delete? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Performance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Debugging ,[object Object],[object Object]
Collecting statistics ,[object Object],[object Object]
Memory pools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Class Specific Pools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Memory debuggers are tricked ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Smart Pointers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The ‘Smart’ part ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Smarter, and invisible too! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Smart pointer class template <class T> class SmartPointer { public: SmartPointer(T* pointee = NULL) : _pointee(pointee); SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& rhs); SmartPointer& operator=(const SmartPointer& rhs); ~SmartPointer(); T* operator->() const; T& operator*() const; bool operator!() const; template <class Destination> operator SmartPointer<Destination>() { return SmartPointer<Destination>(_pointee);}; private: T* _pointee; };
Smart pointer usage Base* pBase = new Base; Base* pDerived = new Derived; extern func(SmartPointer<Base> spBase); // Function that takes // base smart pointer as argument SmartPointer<Derived> sp(pDerived); sp->mData = 0; cout << (*sp).mData; if (!sp) cout << “pClass pointer value is NULL”; func(sp) // Can pass smart pointer of derived class type to a // function that accepts smart pointer of base class type
Types of smart pointers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scoped Pointers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reference counting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reference counting (Contd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Copy on Write ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Smart pointer techniques beyond pointers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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C++ Memory Management

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  • 25. Smart pointer class template <class T> class SmartPointer { public: SmartPointer(T* pointee = NULL) : _pointee(pointee); SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& rhs); SmartPointer& operator=(const SmartPointer& rhs); ~SmartPointer(); T* operator->() const; T& operator*() const; bool operator!() const; template <class Destination> operator SmartPointer<Destination>() { return SmartPointer<Destination>(_pointee);}; private: T* _pointee; };
  • 26. Smart pointer usage Base* pBase = new Base; Base* pDerived = new Derived; extern func(SmartPointer<Base> spBase); // Function that takes // base smart pointer as argument SmartPointer<Derived> sp(pDerived); sp->mData = 0; cout << (*sp).mData; if (!sp) cout << “pClass pointer value is NULL”; func(sp) // Can pass smart pointer of derived class type to a // function that accepts smart pointer of base class type
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