Jaspal Singh, profile picture
Uploaded byJaspal Singh
8,763 views

Bus system reform in India through JnNURM

The document discusses bus system reforms in India under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), emphasizing urban transportation challenges due to rapid urbanization and population growth. It outlines the objectives of the National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) and the JNNURM, which aims to enhance public transport systems, promote cleaner technologies, and ensure integrated planning. The reforms are set against the backdrop of increasing vehicle proliferation and the need for sustainable urban transport solutions in major Indian cities.

Embed presentation

6th UITP Asia-Pacific Congress In conjunction with 3rd International Conference on Public Transport Financing 15-19 November 2010, Hong Kong, China Bus system reform in India through initiative under JnNURM – A way forward towards Sustainable Public Transport Jaspal Singh Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System Limited First Floor, ISBT Building, Kashmere Gate, Delhi - 110006
Structure of the Presentation • Urban Transportation Scenario in India • Bus Transport Scenario in India • National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) 2006 • Bus System reforms under JnNURM • Structural Reforms – A Pre-condition • Current Status • Indian Bus Industry • Impact of the Scheme
Population Growth in India India has witnessed a phenomenal growth in urban population (367 million as in 2010). Source: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database, United Nations Population and Urban Population Growth in India, 2005-2015 (Figures in Millions)
Urbanization in India 29% 17% 17% 49% 40% 29% 61% 55% 41% World Asia India PercentageUrbanized 1950 2005 2030 Source: ADB. 2006. Urbanization and Sustainability in Asia. Manila, Philippines. The pace of urbanization will not be as quick as in other places, but the given the mass the number will be large.
Indian Urban Population The bulk of urban Indians (50%) stay in small towns with less than half a million population. • With increase in population, household incomes and economic activity, there is a heavy demands for urban transport systems. • In the absence of an adequate public transport system, the number of private and intermediate public transport (IPT) vehicles has increased to meet travel demand. Source: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database, United Nations 20.0 17.0 16.0 2 0 1 0 Mumbai Delhi Kolkata City Size and Distribution of Urban Population, 2010 (Figures in Percent) Largest Cities in India (Figures in Millions)
• 2nd Largest urban system • 60% GDP generated from urban areas • 5161 towns and cities – 7 megacities (4 million + population) – 28 cities with population 1-4 million – 13 cities in 0.8 to 1.0 million range, will cross 1 million by next census – 40 cities in 0.5 to 1 million population range and balance state capitals • Motorization rates are high • In 6 Metro Cities*, during 1981 to 2001 – Population increased by 2 times – Motor vehicles increased by 8 times India - Urban Transportation Scene Source: Ministry of Urban Development, GOI * Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad
Goods Vehicles 2.54 2.55 2.71 2.95 2.97 3.49 3.74 4.03 4.43 Buses incl. Omni Bus 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.63 0.64 0.72 0.76 0.89 0.99 Two Wheelers 28.64 31.33 34.12 38.56 41.58 47.52 51.92 58.80 64.74 Cars, Jeeps & Taxis 5.14 5.56 6.14 7.06 7.61 8.59 9.44 10.31 11.52 Others (LMV, Tractors, Trailers etc) 4.51 4.90 5.31 5.80 6.12 6.67 6.80 7.44 7.93 Source: Road Transport Year Book 2006-07 (March 2009), Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport & Highways, Govt. of India 41.4 44.9 48.8 55.0 58.9 67.0 72.7 81.5 89.6 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Vehicles Growth in India – Present Scenario Vehicles Growth in India, 1998-2006 (Figures in Millions)
Urban Transport Scenario Forecast of Vehicle Populations in India (Figures in Million Vehicles) Total on road Vehicle Fuel Consumption (Figures in Million Tons of Oil Equivalent) From 1981 to 2001, population increased in six major metropolises by 1.9 times but motor vehicles increased by 7.75 times. Energy demand in transport sector projected to grow at 5-8% per annum 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 49.1 63.9 121.3 246.1 372.7 CAGR 7.0% 58.0 73.0 115.0 221.0 371.0 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 CAGR 6.4% Source: Ministry of Urban Development, GOI Two Wheelers CarsHCVThree Wheelers LCV
Public Transport System in IndiaOrganizedBusTransport Commuters in Indian cities were earlier mostly dependent on Informal mode of public transport. IntermediatePublicTransport
Organized City Bus Service in India Sr. No. City No. of Buses 1 Panaji 8 2 Shimla 16 3 Agra 20 4 Bhuvaneshwar 32 5 Pondicherry 49 6 Guwahati 62 7 Surat 106 8 Hubli-Dharwad 170 9 Kanpur 176 10 Chandigarh 209 11 Bhopal 240 12 Nagpur 241 Source: Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, Wilbur Smith Associates, May 2008 Sr. No. City No. of Buses 13 Trivandrum 242 14 Jaipur 327 15 Kochi 350 16 Madurai 609 17 Pune 824 18 Ahmedabad 886 19 Hyderabad 2546 20 Chennai 2816 21 Mumbai 3430 22 Bangalore 4182 23 Kolkata 4256 24 Delhi 6906 In 2007, organized bus transport was available in only 24 cities.
Bus Transport Situation S. No. STUs Fleet Size 1. Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) 21,335 2. Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) 16,000 3. Gujarat State Transport Corporation (GSRTC) 8,000 4. Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) 7,100 5. Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport (UPSRTC) 6,561 6. Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) 4,747 7. Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) 3,944 8. Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) 3,626 9. Tamil Nadu State Road Transport Corporation (SETC) 3,257 10. Himachal Pradesh Road Transport Corporation (HRTC) 1881 11. Jammu & Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC) 1060 12. PEPSU Road Transport Corporation (PRTC) 1,041 13. Uttarakhand Transport Corporation (UTC) 943 14. Bihar State Road Transport Corporation (BSRT) 531 15. Goa Transportation (Kadamba Transport Corporation - KTC) 432 16. Assam State Transport Corporation (ASTC) 349 17. Orissa state Road Transport Corporation (OSRTC) 261 18. Arunachal Pradesh State Transport services (APSTS) 233 19 Mizoram State Road Transport (MST) 64 Source: Various STUs, October 2009; Association of State Road Transport Undertakings Many million plus cities don’t have a proper bus system.
National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) 2006 India launched its first transportation policy in 2006, which focuses on moving people and not vehicles. Promote ITS, cleaner fuel & vehicle technologies for cities Projects to demonstrate best practices in sustainable transport Build capacity to plan for sustainable urban transport Ensure coordinated planning for urban transport Ensure integrated land use & transport planning People focused & equitable allocation of road space Investments in public transport & Non Motorized modes Strategies for parking space and freight traffic movements Establish Regulatory mechanisms for a level playing field Innovative financing methods to raise resources National Urban Transport Policy (2006) Source: “NUTP and JnNURM- Government of India Initiatives to Strengthen Public Transport”, S.K. Lohia, OSD (MRTS), MoUD, GOI
JnNURM • A mission for integrated development of urban infrastructure services with the assistance of the Centre, state and local bodies • Set up with US$ 20 billion outlay to cover 61 cities with a million-plus population in next seven years Objective: – Provide basic services to urban poor (housing, water supply, sanitation, slum improvement, community toilets); and – Enhance overall urban infrastructure Federal Government also launched a new scheme JnNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) to finance urban transportation initiatives.
Bus System reforms under JnNURM • As part of Second Economic Stimulus Package by Government of India (announced on 02nd January 2009), the Government launched a scheme to provide one time assistance to States for the purchase of buses for their Urban transport system and identified 54 mission cities in the first phase. • The number of buses for various cities/states/para-statals was calculated on the basis of following parameters: – For mega cities (with population of 4 million) – 50 buses per 100,000 of population – For other cities (with population of 0.5 million to 4 million) – 40 buses per 100,000 of population • The financing of buses under JnNURM is exclusively for urban transport, i.e. city bus service and/or BRTS for the city/urban area for which buses are procured
Bus System reforms under JnNURM The key objective of the scheme was to promote products with chassis and buses from manufacturing facilities in India. Installment Payment released by Central Govt. Milestones First Installment 50% • Submission of DPR Phase-I • Placement of purchase order to bus manufactures Second Installment 40% • Submission of DPR Phase-II • Route permission by Road Transport Authority • Operations tie-up • Loan tie-up Third Installment 10% • Commencement of satisfactory service operations • In order to give a boost to the automobile industry, the government sanctioned funds to procure 14,220 buses for 54 mission cities under the JNNURM scheme. • The scheme not only helped to revive automobile industry but also build a sustainable public transport system. • The payment is linked with the progress of the project, as follows:
Urban Bus Specifications Key Features of the Urban Bus Specifications code are: • Low floor (400mm), semi low floor (650mm) and standard buses (900mm) as against prevailing1100mm floor height (truck chassis). First time in India, there are fully built buses for city-bus operation, whereas, earlier buses were built on truck-chasis. • Intelligent Transport System (ITS) features LED Sign Boards, Audio Visual Passenger Information, Multiplexing, On Board Diagnostics, Cameras, Integrated Controller GPS, GPRS, Smart card ticketing machines.
New Modern Buses Bus Types Estimated Cost (in US$) Normal Standard Bus (900MM) 50,000 Technologically-upgraded Standard Bus (900MM) 70,000 Semi Low Floor Bus (650MM) 100,000 Ultra Low Floor Bus (400MM) 120,000 Ultra Low Floor Bus with Air-condition (400MM) 140,000
Structural Reforms – A Pre-condition The key highlight of the scheme is that the Government did not just provide one time funding to procure buses, but also ensure that states should perform some structural reforms to build a sustainable transportation system.
State-wise Distribution State Cities Andhra Pradesh Tirupati, Hyderabad Assam Guwahati Bihar Patna Bodhgaya Chhattisgarh Raipur Delhi Delhi Gujarat Ahmedabad Haryana Faridabad Himachal Pradesh Shimla Jharkhand Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Dhanbad Karnataka Bangalore Kerala Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi Madhya Pradesh Indore, Bhopal, Ujjain, Jabalpur Maharashtra Pune, Pimpri Chinchwad, Thane, Nagpur, Nanded, Mumbai Manipur Imphal Orissa Bubneshwar, Puri Punjab Amritsar, Ludhiana Rajasthan Jaipur, Ajmer Tamil Nadu Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore UT Chandigarh, Goa Uttar Pradesh Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Agra, Varanasi, Meerut, Mathura Uttarakhand Dehradun, Haridwar, Nanital West Bengal Kolkata, Asansol
State-wise Distribution & Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Tripuati Andhra Pradesh 0.1 million --- Yes 50 2 50% Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 3.8 million 1.8 million Yes 1000 63 35% Guwahati Assam 0.8 million --- Yes 200 12 90% Patna Bihar 2.0 million 0.2 million No 100 9 50% Bodhgaya Bihar 30,883 --- No 25 2 80% Raipur Chhattisgarh 0.6 million --- No 100 3 80% Delhi Delhi 14 million 6 million Yes 1,500 170 35% The Government sanctioned 15,260 modern buses under economic stimulus package at a cost of US$ 1,020 Million. • In this phase, 61 cities in 25 states are covered for funding procurement of buses for urban transport under JnNURM. The Central Government contributed US$465 million for the purchase of 15,000 buses. • The Government plan to cover 118 cities having a population of 200,000 and above in second phase.
State-wise Distribution & Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Goa Goa 1.4 million 0.5 million Yes 50 2 80% Ahmedabad Gujarat 5.8 million 2.1 million Yes 580 50 35% Faridabad Haryana 1.4 million --- Yes 100 12 50% Shimla Himachal Pradesh 1.0 million --- Yes 75 2 90% Jamshedpur Jharkhand 1.1 million 0.1 million No 50 1 50% Ranchi Jharkhand 0.8 million 0.2 million Yes 100 4 80% Dhanbad Jharkhand 2.4 million -- No 100 3 50% Bangalore Karnataka 8 million 3.7 million Yes 1000 72 35% Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 0.7 million --- Yes 150 12 80% Kochi Kerala 0.6 million --- Yes 200 16 50% Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 1.7 million --- Yes 225 20 50% Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh 1.3 million 0.3 million Yes 75 7 50% Indore Madhya Pradesh 0.2 million --- Yes 175 13 50% Ujjain Madhya Pradesh 0.5 million --- No 50 3 80% Pune Maharashtra 7.2 million --- Yes 500 36 50% Thane Maharashtra 1.6 million 1.1 million Yes 200 13 35% Nagpur Maharashtra 2.4 million --- Yes 300 14 50% Nanded Maharashtra 0.6 million --- Yes 30 2 80% Pimpri Chinchwad Maharashtra 1.1 million --- No 150 14 50% Mumbai Maharashtra 15 million --- Yes 1000 63 35% Imphal Manipur 0.3 million 91,265 No 25 2 90% Aizawl Mizoram 0.2 million 23,698 No 25 1 90%
State-wise Distribution & Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Bhubaneswar Orissa 0.7 million --- No 100 4 80% Puri Orissa 0.1 million --- No 25 1 80% Amritsar Punjab 1.1 million 380,000 No 150 7 50% Ludhiana Punjab 3.0 million --- No 200 14 50% Jaipur Rajasthan 2.3 million --- No 400 32 50% Ajmer Rajasthan 0.5 million --- No 35 2 80% Madurai Tamil Nadu 0.9 million --- Yes 300 20 50% Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 0.9 million --- Yes 300 20 50% Chennai Tamil Nadu 4.3 million 2.7 million Yes 1000 66 35% Agartala Tripura 0.5 million 73,000 Yes 60 4 90% Chandigarh UT 1.0 million --- Yes 100 12 80% Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 3.7 million --- No 300 20 50% Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 2.5 million --- No 300 20 50% Allahabad Uttar Pradesh 1.2 million --- No 150 8 50% Agra Uttar Pradesh 1.4 million --- No 200 15 50% Varanasi Uttar Pradesh 3.1 million --- No 150 9 50% Meerut Uttar Pradesh 1.1 million --- No 150 8 50% Mathura Uttar Pradesh 0.3 million --- No 60 1 50% Haridwar Uttrakhand 1.4 million --- No 60 3 80% Nanital Uttrakhand 0.8 million --- No 25 1 80% Kolkatta West Bengal 4.5 million --- No 1,200 80 35% Asanol West Bengal 1.1 million --- Yes 100 5 50%
Reforms in Urban Transport – State Level • All million plus cities should setup a city-level Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMTA), duly backed by a legislation to facilitate coordinated planning and implementation of projects relating to urban transport and their integrated management. Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority Urban Transportation Fund • The State should setup a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund. The fund can generate inflows from additional sales tax on petrol, additional registration fee on four-wheelers and two-wheelers, high registration fee for personal vehicles running on diesel, annual renewal fee on driving license and vehicle registration, congestion tax, green tax etc. to fund new projects in urban transport, compensate towards exemption of tax on urban buses, replacement of assets of public transport companies and, towards meeting the cost of various other concessions extended to encourage public transport by the State Government.
Reforms in Urban Transport – State Level • The State / City should make appropriate change in bylaws and Master Plans of cities to integrate land-use and transport by densification alongside major mass Transit corridors and areas around stations. Integrated Planning • The State should set up of a regulatory/ institutional mechanism to periodically revise fares for all public and intermediate public transport systems. Fare Revision • Transit Oriented Development (TOD) policy and amendments proposed in the bylaw to encourage TOD. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) • The state government and ULB waiving off/reimbursing all its taxes on urban buses & city bus service/BRTS. State Taxes
Reforms in Urban Transport – City Level • Cities also need to setup a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund, generating inflows through betterment levy on land in areas which benefit by investment in urban transport projects, rationalization of parking fee, property development tax, property development on the land banks with para-statals, advertisement revenue on transit corridors, employment tax which can be used for establishing fare contingency fund to meet the difference between the, public fare, and the 'technical fare‘. Dedicated Urban Transport Fund Advertisement Policy • Cities should prepare an advertisement policy to generate advertisement revenue from transport, intermediate public transport and public utilities for public purposes. • Cities should evolve a parking policy wherein parking fee represents the true value of the land occupied. It can be used as a mechanism to curb private vehicles parking. Parking Policy
Reforms in Urban Transport – City Level • There is a need to implement Intelligent Transport System (ITS) to improve the service and quality of city bus system. ITS includes Automated Vehicle Location System, Automated Fare Collection System, Priority Signaling for buses and real-time bus information system. Intelligent Transport System Integrated Network • Cities should design bus routes to ensure multi-modal integration, including urban railways by involving Ministry of Railways (MoR) to provide network-connectivity in the region and single ticketing to provide seamless travel. • Cities also need to setup of a Traffic Information Management Control Centre (TIMCC) for effective monitoring and enforcement of traffic as well as data-generation and data- collection for future planning. Traffic Management Control Centre
Current Status – Reforms in Different Cities S. No. States SPV UMTA Transport Fund Helpline Number Dedicated Lane Advt. Policy Parking Policy ITS 1. Andhra Pradesh         2. Arunachal Pradesh         3. Assam         4. Bihar         5. Chandigarh         6. Chhattisgarh         7. Delhi         8. Goa         9. Gujarat         10. Haryana         11. Himachal Pradesh         12. J&K         13. Jharkhand         14. Karnataka         15. Kerala         The pace of the reforms is very slow in most of the cities.
Current Status – Reforms in Different Cities S. No. States SPV UMTA Transport Fund Helpline Number Dedicated Lane Advt. Policy Parking Policy ITS 16. Madhya Pradesh         17. Maharashtra         18. Manipur         19. Meghalaya         20. Mizoram         21. Nagaland         22. Orissa         23. Pondicherry         24. Punjab         25. Rajasthan         26. Sikkim         27. Tamil Nadu         28. Tripura         29. Uttar Pradesh         30. Uttaranchal         31. West Bengal        
Challenges faced by STUs • Many states do not have experience and knowledge to manage bus operation. Secondly, states also did not able to find out strategic partner to finance, operate and maintain these buses. • Local bus manufacturers are having serious constraints in manufacturing integrated bus with ITS features. • Owning to big procurement orders from all states, there is also delay in delivery of buses from local bus manufacturers. • Testing infrastructure at Central Institute of Road Transport (CIRT) and The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) is not sufficient to test new types of buses. • Indian standards are silent on some issues for example, there is no standard of mat finished of paint. As such, for such items international standards and international procedures have to be followed.
Indian Bus Industry Bus Manufacturers Order Received Key Clients Tata Motors Limited 5,888 DTC, APSRTC, UPSRTC, BMTC Ashok Leyland Limited 5,209 DTC, APSRTC, UPSRTC, BMTC, BEST Volvo India Pvt. Limited 800 APSRTC Swaraj Mazda Limited 350 UPSRTC JCBL Limited 200 BEST Mercedes Motors Limited -- -- Satluz Pvt. Limited -- -- Ural Pvt. Limited -- -- Bus Manufacturers in India - JnNURM Buses
Challenges faced by the Industry • Different states are placing different order with different specification. There is no uniformity. Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) had laid down broad Urban Bus Specifications, various STUs have asked for different specifications, which results that – Tata Motors developed 16 prototypes – Ashok Leyland developed 24 prototypes • Commercial vehicle manufacturers’ still waiting for the release of payments to the tune of over US$ 450 million from various state transport agencies. – State transport agencies requires to submit Phase-II DPR and implement various reforms before claiming the second installment. – The central government gave the first installment for buses and will transfer the remaining share when states / cities will implement the reforms.
Impact of the Scheme • About 8,800 buses are on road as in September 2010. • 34 new cities have organized city bus service. • State & local taxes on public transport is reduced upto 16% from 24% earlier. • The Government has released more than 50% to states, i.e. around US$ 237 million. “For the first time in the history of independent India, substantial assistance has been made available for purchase of 15,220 modern buses for city transport for 61 mission cities. As we consider public transport in cities a critical issue, we will try to organize assistance in procurement of such buses in 118 cities having a population of 200,000 and above” Mr. Jaipal Reddy Minister for Urban Development, “According to the memorandum of agreements with the states, they were supposed to have undertaken many reforms like creation of an unified transport authority in the cities where these buses would ply. The states had also agreed with the Centre to roll out smart ticketing systems and a dedicated urban transport fund, among other things. Most of the states have failed to do so.” Mr. Saugata Ray Minister of State for Urban Development (September 2010)
6th UITP Asia-Pacific Congress In conjunction with 3rd International Conference on Public Transport Financing 15-19 November 2010, Hong Kong, China Thank You!!! Jaspal Singh Deputy Manager (Road Transport) Jaspal.singh@dimts.in / jaaaspal@gmail.com

More Related Content

PPT
Smart and Connected Transport - A Case Study of Delhi
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
TRANSPORTATION EXISTING SCENARIO AND PROPOSALS FOR UJJAIN CITY
byshrikrishna kesharwani
 
PDF
Transit-oriented development (TOD): Integrating rail and commercial developme...
byAtkins
 
PDF
Public Transportation in City of Bhopal
byShubhranshu Upadhyay
 
PPT
Street design guidelines feb2011-PPT
byParomita Roy
 
PPTX
Transit oriented development
byPooja Jariwala
 
PDF
Transit Oriented Development In New Indian Cities
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Introductory presentation of Samruddhi Mahamarg : (Nagpur - Mumbai Expressway)
byAshmiliJadhav
 
Smart and Connected Transport - A Case Study of Delhi
byJaspal Singh
 
TRANSPORTATION EXISTING SCENARIO AND PROPOSALS FOR UJJAIN CITY
byshrikrishna kesharwani
 
Transit-oriented development (TOD): Integrating rail and commercial developme...
byAtkins
 
Public Transportation in City of Bhopal
byShubhranshu Upadhyay
 
Street design guidelines feb2011-PPT
byParomita Roy
 
Transit oriented development
byPooja Jariwala
 
Transit Oriented Development In New Indian Cities
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Introductory presentation of Samruddhi Mahamarg : (Nagpur - Mumbai Expressway)
byAshmiliJadhav
 

What's hot

PPT
Urban Transportation Market In India
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
TOD - Transit Oriented Development
byShruthi Kshirasagar
 
PPTX
Sustainable Transport Trends & Opportunities for Indian Cities - Planning for...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPTX
Transit oriented development
bygayathrysatheesan1
 
PPT
Rajkot BRTS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPT
Ahmedabad BRTS Overview
byNishit kadia
 
PPTX
Trasnportation system of mumbai
byYash Kotgirwar
 
PPTX
Brts
byAj Reddy
 
PPTX
Town Planning Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation
byDipesh Jain
 
PDF
LAP Project Concept
byCEPT University
 
PPTX
Moud tod policy 29_sept 2013_secy_ud
byUttipec Dda
 
PDF
TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD)
byPooja Jariwala
 
PPTX
Bhopal transport
bysonika patel
 
PPT
Draft Development Plan 2021 (Review) AUDA - D Thara, IAS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Webinar - Improving Safe Access and Public Spaces: A Case from Navanagar
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPTX
Municipal corporation of greater mumbai (mcgm)
byRakesh Gamre
 
PPTX
The Punjab Regional and Town Planning and Development Act,1995
byJIT KUMAR GUPTA
 
PPTX
Regional plan
byAbhishek Kanwar
 
DOC
Urban infrastructure in india
byKanishka Chakraborty
 
PDF
DDA and Its Features
byshrevanta
 
Urban Transportation Market In India
byJaspal Singh
 
TOD - Transit Oriented Development
byShruthi Kshirasagar
 
Sustainable Transport Trends & Opportunities for Indian Cities - Planning for...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Transit oriented development
bygayathrysatheesan1
 
Rajkot BRTS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Ahmedabad BRTS Overview
byNishit kadia
 
Trasnportation system of mumbai
byYash Kotgirwar
 
Brts
byAj Reddy
 
Town Planning Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation
byDipesh Jain
 
LAP Project Concept
byCEPT University
 
Moud tod policy 29_sept 2013_secy_ud
byUttipec Dda
 
TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD)
byPooja Jariwala
 
Bhopal transport
bysonika patel
 
Draft Development Plan 2021 (Review) AUDA - D Thara, IAS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Webinar - Improving Safe Access and Public Spaces: A Case from Navanagar
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Municipal corporation of greater mumbai (mcgm)
byRakesh Gamre
 
The Punjab Regional and Town Planning and Development Act,1995
byJIT KUMAR GUPTA
 
Regional plan
byAbhishek Kanwar
 
Urban infrastructure in india
byKanishka Chakraborty
 
DDA and Its Features
byshrevanta
 

Viewers also liked

PPT
JnNURM Bus Financing - Delhi Experience
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Ahmedabad bus rapid transit system
byFagner Glinski
 
PPTX
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Jnnurm
byguest64259a
 
PPTX
Infrastructure Management - DMRC Study
byMohit Gaur
 
PPTX
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
byintan fatihah
 
PPS
27. urban bus specifications
byBharat Nihalani
 
PPTX
Tata motors
byPriyanka Nayak
 
PPTX
Keys to Success in Bus Systems
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
CTSEM2014 118
byDr Neelima Chakrabarty
 
PDF
Outdoor Advertising Options in Ahmedabad - OOH Advertising across Ahmedabad
byOrganized Outdoor Options
 
PPT
Shri Arvinder Singh Lovely - Minister of Transport, GNCTD
byJaspal Singh
 
PPTX
Transportation and Health Care Use for Older Adults in Rural and Small Urban ...
byUGPTI
 
DOCX
Jaipur City Bus Route
bynandudhayal17
 
PPTX
Use of IT in Data Collection and its Implications in Improving Service Operat...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Open Transport - Holly Krambeck - The World Bank - Transforming Transportatio...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Women’s Safety in Public Transport - Transforming Transportation 2016
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPT
1.Jnnurm
byrajatmittal
 
PDF
International business (new product development)
bySharmin MuMu
 
PDF
motorindia-01-12-2016-23122016072234
byPANKAJ SHARMA
 
JnNURM Bus Financing - Delhi Experience
byJaspal Singh
 
Ahmedabad bus rapid transit system
byFagner Glinski
 
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Jnnurm
byguest64259a
 
Infrastructure Management - DMRC Study
byMohit Gaur
 
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
byintan fatihah
 
27. urban bus specifications
byBharat Nihalani
 
Tata motors
byPriyanka Nayak
 
Keys to Success in Bus Systems
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
CTSEM2014 118
byDr Neelima Chakrabarty
 
Outdoor Advertising Options in Ahmedabad - OOH Advertising across Ahmedabad
byOrganized Outdoor Options
 
Shri Arvinder Singh Lovely - Minister of Transport, GNCTD
byJaspal Singh
 
Transportation and Health Care Use for Older Adults in Rural and Small Urban ...
byUGPTI
 
Jaipur City Bus Route
bynandudhayal17
 
Use of IT in Data Collection and its Implications in Improving Service Operat...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Open Transport - Holly Krambeck - The World Bank - Transforming Transportatio...
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Women’s Safety in Public Transport - Transforming Transportation 2016
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
1.Jnnurm
byrajatmittal
 
International business (new product development)
bySharmin MuMu
 
motorindia-01-12-2016-23122016072234
byPANKAJ SHARMA
 

Similar to Bus system reform in India through JnNURM

PDF
Mobility and City Streets: Bus Karo by Amit Bhatt
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPT
The role of SPV in Transportation Sector
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Public-Private Partnership in Urban Transport
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Special purpose vehicle (SPV)
byCentre for Public Policy Research
 
PPTX
a study of suspentable transportation system in ahmedabad & dehli
byRONAKMODI36
 
PPTX
Introduction to Bus Karo
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Vibrant Gujarat Summit on Road Transportation
byVibrant Gujarat
 
PPTX
BRTS Association of Indian and Asian Cities, and Ahmedabad BRTS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPTX
ahmedabad BRTS study
bypadamatikona swapnika
 
PPTX
CK2017: Moving India Forward
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPT
Increasing Capacity on Existing Infrastructure in Delhi
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
Climate Change and Transport in India: Initiatives and experience
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
A study of sustainable transportation system in ahmedabad and delhi
byIJARIIT
 
PPT
BRT in India
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PDF
Jaipur City Traffic presentation study .pdf
byviveksharma287146
 
PPTX
Presentation2
byAman Haz
 
PPTX
Bus Karo: Modernizing City Bus Services – Vision 2022
byWRI India
 
PPTX
Bus Karo: Modernizing City Bus Services – Vision 2022 (Day 1)
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPTX
Session 1 - Introduction by Amit Bhatt
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
PPT
SEM 1 PRESENTATION
byShubhraneel Aich
 
Mobility and City Streets: Bus Karo by Amit Bhatt
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
The role of SPV in Transportation Sector
byJaspal Singh
 
Public-Private Partnership in Urban Transport
byJaspal Singh
 
Special purpose vehicle (SPV)
byCentre for Public Policy Research
 
a study of suspentable transportation system in ahmedabad & dehli
byRONAKMODI36
 
Introduction to Bus Karo
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Vibrant Gujarat Summit on Road Transportation
byVibrant Gujarat
 
BRTS Association of Indian and Asian Cities, and Ahmedabad BRTS
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
ahmedabad BRTS study
bypadamatikona swapnika
 
CK2017: Moving India Forward
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Increasing Capacity on Existing Infrastructure in Delhi
byJaspal Singh
 
Climate Change and Transport in India: Initiatives and experience
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
A study of sustainable transportation system in ahmedabad and delhi
byIJARIIT
 
BRT in India
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Jaipur City Traffic presentation study .pdf
byviveksharma287146
 
Presentation2
byAman Haz
 
Bus Karo: Modernizing City Bus Services – Vision 2022
byWRI India
 
Bus Karo: Modernizing City Bus Services – Vision 2022 (Day 1)
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
Session 1 - Introduction by Amit Bhatt
byWRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
 
SEM 1 PRESENTATION
byShubhraneel Aich
 

More from Jaspal Singh

PDF
Public Bicycle Scheme in India
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
The Success Story of Transport Authority
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Symposium on Public Transportation in Indian Cities with special focus on BRT...
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Case study of Delhi Bus Rapid Transit System
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
GreenCAB - Dial-a-Rickshaw Service
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
GreenBIKE Project - Best NMT Project 2010
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Concept Paper - GreenCAB
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
Important Lessons Learnt From Rocket Singh
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
Pros And Cons Of Outsourcing Bus Operations
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
GreenBIKE - Cycle Sharing Concept in India
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
MCD Outdoor Advertisement Policy
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Aloha (October 2005) - University School of Management Studies Newsletter
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Erasmus mundus association - India (ema-i)
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Samanvay - Brining Equality In The Society
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
The Dream by Gurbaksh Chahal
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Dayara Bugyal Trek - November 2010
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Letter of Editor to Prime Minister
byJaspal Singh
 
PPT
Bidding system final - 260308
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
SIFE School of Management Studies Project Report
byJaspal Singh
 
PDF
Infrastructure - The Key to Development
byJaspal Singh
 
Public Bicycle Scheme in India
byJaspal Singh
 
The Success Story of Transport Authority
byJaspal Singh
 
Symposium on Public Transportation in Indian Cities with special focus on BRT...
byJaspal Singh
 
Case study of Delhi Bus Rapid Transit System
byJaspal Singh
 
GreenCAB - Dial-a-Rickshaw Service
byJaspal Singh
 
GreenBIKE Project - Best NMT Project 2010
byJaspal Singh
 
Concept Paper - GreenCAB
byJaspal Singh
 
Important Lessons Learnt From Rocket Singh
byJaspal Singh
 
Pros And Cons Of Outsourcing Bus Operations
byJaspal Singh
 
GreenBIKE - Cycle Sharing Concept in India
byJaspal Singh
 
MCD Outdoor Advertisement Policy
byJaspal Singh
 
Aloha (October 2005) - University School of Management Studies Newsletter
byJaspal Singh
 
Erasmus mundus association - India (ema-i)
byJaspal Singh
 
Samanvay - Brining Equality In The Society
byJaspal Singh
 
The Dream by Gurbaksh Chahal
byJaspal Singh
 
Dayara Bugyal Trek - November 2010
byJaspal Singh
 
Letter of Editor to Prime Minister
byJaspal Singh
 
Bidding system final - 260308
byJaspal Singh
 
SIFE School of Management Studies Project Report
byJaspal Singh
 
Infrastructure - The Key to Development
byJaspal Singh
 

Recently uploaded

PDF
When Paychecks Stop: Are We Financially Ready
byAurumCapital
 
PDF
Institute for Public Relations 2025 Year in Review
byMariumAbdulhussein
 
PDF
How to Master Any Skill for Free with AI: The 4-Step Roadmap to $1,000/Month
byAeafat Ahmed Mubin
 
PPTX
CMMI Consulting & Implementation Services.pptx
bySunil Yadav
 
PDF
The Easiest Way to Buy Snapchat Accounts (1).pdf
byidc1w3adizw383go
 
PPTX
Seize Your Story! - The Startup Secrets of STORYtelling
byMichael Skok
 
PDF
How to Buy Aged Facebook Accounts in 2026.pdf
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
PDF
Step-by-Step Guide to Purchasing USA Facebook ....pdf
byyl62ghphl9tyxn3q8lv5
 
PDF
Step-by-Step Guide to Buying LinkedIn Accounts in 2026.pdf
byasikurrhmanxyzit
 
PDF
How to Buy Snapchat Account A Step-by-Step Guide..pdf
byidc1w3adizw383go
 
DOCX
Guide to Safely Buy a Verified Binance Account Today.docx
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
PDF
How to Buy USA Facebook Accounts in 2026 .pdf
bywc0fr9qf43i5qo5kn3
 
PDF
How to Buy USA Facebook Accounts in 2026 (1).pdf
bywc0fr9qf43i5qo5kn3
 
PDF
Top 7 Places to Buy Aged LinkedIn Accounts and Should ....pdf
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
PPTX
Project Management Tools for Faster, Smarter Execution
byBlue Sky Index
 
PDF
Equinox Gold - Corporate Presentation.pdf
byEquinox Gold Corp.
 
PDF
Back to the future - the return of DB surpluses (slides) - 9 December 2025.pdf
byHenry Tapper
 
PDF
Best Platforms to Buy Verified Wise Accounts in the USA.pdf
by#SEO, #usaallhub, #socialmedia, #USAaccounts, #seoservice, #Digitalmarketer
 
PDF
J Hamilton - Pensions UK V1 27.11.2025 (1).pdf
byHenry Tapper
 
PDF
Olga Grom: Presale та комерційні моделі (UA)
byLviv Startup Club
 
When Paychecks Stop: Are We Financially Ready
byAurumCapital
 
Institute for Public Relations 2025 Year in Review
byMariumAbdulhussein
 
How to Master Any Skill for Free with AI: The 4-Step Roadmap to $1,000/Month
byAeafat Ahmed Mubin
 
CMMI Consulting & Implementation Services.pptx
bySunil Yadav
 
The Easiest Way to Buy Snapchat Accounts (1).pdf
byidc1w3adizw383go
 
Seize Your Story! - The Startup Secrets of STORYtelling
byMichael Skok
 
How to Buy Aged Facebook Accounts in 2026.pdf
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
Step-by-Step Guide to Purchasing USA Facebook ....pdf
byyl62ghphl9tyxn3q8lv5
 
Step-by-Step Guide to Buying LinkedIn Accounts in 2026.pdf
byasikurrhmanxyzit
 
How to Buy Snapchat Account A Step-by-Step Guide..pdf
byidc1w3adizw383go
 
Guide to Safely Buy a Verified Binance Account Today.docx
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
How to Buy USA Facebook Accounts in 2026 .pdf
bywc0fr9qf43i5qo5kn3
 
How to Buy USA Facebook Accounts in 2026 (1).pdf
bywc0fr9qf43i5qo5kn3
 
Top 7 Places to Buy Aged LinkedIn Accounts and Should ....pdf
byh55oga0kd25m12iaza2
 
Project Management Tools for Faster, Smarter Execution
byBlue Sky Index
 
Equinox Gold - Corporate Presentation.pdf
byEquinox Gold Corp.
 
Back to the future - the return of DB surpluses (slides) - 9 December 2025.pdf
byHenry Tapper
 
Best Platforms to Buy Verified Wise Accounts in the USA.pdf
by#SEO, #usaallhub, #socialmedia, #USAaccounts, #seoservice, #Digitalmarketer
 
J Hamilton - Pensions UK V1 27.11.2025 (1).pdf
byHenry Tapper
 
Olga Grom: Presale та комерційні моделі (UA)
byLviv Startup Club
 

Bus system reform in India through JnNURM

  • 1.
    6th UITP Asia-Pacific Congress Inconjunction with 3rd International Conference on Public Transport Financing 15-19 November 2010, Hong Kong, China Bus system reform in India through initiative under JnNURM – A way forward towards Sustainable Public Transport Jaspal Singh Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System Limited First Floor, ISBT Building, Kashmere Gate, Delhi - 110006
  • 2.
    Structure of thePresentation • Urban Transportation Scenario in India • Bus Transport Scenario in India • National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) 2006 • Bus System reforms under JnNURM • Structural Reforms – A Pre-condition • Current Status • Indian Bus Industry • Impact of the Scheme
  • 3.
    Population Growth inIndia India has witnessed a phenomenal growth in urban population (367 million as in 2010). Source: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database, United Nations Population and Urban Population Growth in India, 2005-2015 (Figures in Millions)
  • 4.
    Urbanization in India 29% 17%17% 49% 40% 29% 61% 55% 41% World Asia India PercentageUrbanized 1950 2005 2030 Source: ADB. 2006. Urbanization and Sustainability in Asia. Manila, Philippines. The pace of urbanization will not be as quick as in other places, but the given the mass the number will be large.
  • 5.
    Indian Urban Population Thebulk of urban Indians (50%) stay in small towns with less than half a million population. • With increase in population, household incomes and economic activity, there is a heavy demands for urban transport systems. • In the absence of an adequate public transport system, the number of private and intermediate public transport (IPT) vehicles has increased to meet travel demand. Source: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database, United Nations 20.0 17.0 16.0 2 0 1 0 Mumbai Delhi Kolkata City Size and Distribution of Urban Population, 2010 (Figures in Percent) Largest Cities in India (Figures in Millions)
  • 6.
    • 2nd Largest urbansystem • 60% GDP generated from urban areas • 5161 towns and cities – 7 megacities (4 million + population) – 28 cities with population 1-4 million – 13 cities in 0.8 to 1.0 million range, will cross 1 million by next census – 40 cities in 0.5 to 1 million population range and balance state capitals • Motorization rates are high • In 6 Metro Cities*, during 1981 to 2001 – Population increased by 2 times – Motor vehicles increased by 8 times India - Urban Transportation Scene Source: Ministry of Urban Development, GOI * Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad
  • 7.
    Goods Vehicles 2.542.55 2.71 2.95 2.97 3.49 3.74 4.03 4.43 Buses incl. Omni Bus 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.63 0.64 0.72 0.76 0.89 0.99 Two Wheelers 28.64 31.33 34.12 38.56 41.58 47.52 51.92 58.80 64.74 Cars, Jeeps & Taxis 5.14 5.56 6.14 7.06 7.61 8.59 9.44 10.31 11.52 Others (LMV, Tractors, Trailers etc) 4.51 4.90 5.31 5.80 6.12 6.67 6.80 7.44 7.93 Source: Road Transport Year Book 2006-07 (March 2009), Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport & Highways, Govt. of India 41.4 44.9 48.8 55.0 58.9 67.0 72.7 81.5 89.6 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Vehicles Growth in India – Present Scenario Vehicles Growth in India, 1998-2006 (Figures in Millions)
  • 8.
    Urban Transport Scenario Forecastof Vehicle Populations in India (Figures in Million Vehicles) Total on road Vehicle Fuel Consumption (Figures in Million Tons of Oil Equivalent) From 1981 to 2001, population increased in six major metropolises by 1.9 times but motor vehicles increased by 7.75 times. Energy demand in transport sector projected to grow at 5-8% per annum 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 49.1 63.9 121.3 246.1 372.7 CAGR 7.0% 58.0 73.0 115.0 221.0 371.0 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 CAGR 6.4% Source: Ministry of Urban Development, GOI Two Wheelers CarsHCVThree Wheelers LCV
  • 9.
    Public Transport Systemin IndiaOrganizedBusTransport Commuters in Indian cities were earlier mostly dependent on Informal mode of public transport. IntermediatePublicTransport
  • 10.
    Organized City BusService in India Sr. No. City No. of Buses 1 Panaji 8 2 Shimla 16 3 Agra 20 4 Bhuvaneshwar 32 5 Pondicherry 49 6 Guwahati 62 7 Surat 106 8 Hubli-Dharwad 170 9 Kanpur 176 10 Chandigarh 209 11 Bhopal 240 12 Nagpur 241 Source: Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, Wilbur Smith Associates, May 2008 Sr. No. City No. of Buses 13 Trivandrum 242 14 Jaipur 327 15 Kochi 350 16 Madurai 609 17 Pune 824 18 Ahmedabad 886 19 Hyderabad 2546 20 Chennai 2816 21 Mumbai 3430 22 Bangalore 4182 23 Kolkata 4256 24 Delhi 6906 In 2007, organized bus transport was available in only 24 cities.
  • 11.
    Bus Transport Situation S.No. STUs Fleet Size 1. Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) 21,335 2. Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) 16,000 3. Gujarat State Transport Corporation (GSRTC) 8,000 4. Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) 7,100 5. Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport (UPSRTC) 6,561 6. Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) 4,747 7. Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) 3,944 8. Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) 3,626 9. Tamil Nadu State Road Transport Corporation (SETC) 3,257 10. Himachal Pradesh Road Transport Corporation (HRTC) 1881 11. Jammu & Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC) 1060 12. PEPSU Road Transport Corporation (PRTC) 1,041 13. Uttarakhand Transport Corporation (UTC) 943 14. Bihar State Road Transport Corporation (BSRT) 531 15. Goa Transportation (Kadamba Transport Corporation - KTC) 432 16. Assam State Transport Corporation (ASTC) 349 17. Orissa state Road Transport Corporation (OSRTC) 261 18. Arunachal Pradesh State Transport services (APSTS) 233 19 Mizoram State Road Transport (MST) 64 Source: Various STUs, October 2009; Association of State Road Transport Undertakings Many million plus cities don’t have a proper bus system.
  • 12.
    National Urban TransportPolicy (NUTP) 2006 India launched its first transportation policy in 2006, which focuses on moving people and not vehicles. Promote ITS, cleaner fuel & vehicle technologies for cities Projects to demonstrate best practices in sustainable transport Build capacity to plan for sustainable urban transport Ensure coordinated planning for urban transport Ensure integrated land use & transport planning People focused & equitable allocation of road space Investments in public transport & Non Motorized modes Strategies for parking space and freight traffic movements Establish Regulatory mechanisms for a level playing field Innovative financing methods to raise resources National Urban Transport Policy (2006) Source: “NUTP and JnNURM- Government of India Initiatives to Strengthen Public Transport”, S.K. Lohia, OSD (MRTS), MoUD, GOI
  • 13.
    JnNURM • A missionfor integrated development of urban infrastructure services with the assistance of the Centre, state and local bodies • Set up with US$ 20 billion outlay to cover 61 cities with a million-plus population in next seven years Objective: – Provide basic services to urban poor (housing, water supply, sanitation, slum improvement, community toilets); and – Enhance overall urban infrastructure Federal Government also launched a new scheme JnNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) to finance urban transportation initiatives.
  • 14.
    Bus System reformsunder JnNURM • As part of Second Economic Stimulus Package by Government of India (announced on 02nd January 2009), the Government launched a scheme to provide one time assistance to States for the purchase of buses for their Urban transport system and identified 54 mission cities in the first phase. • The number of buses for various cities/states/para-statals was calculated on the basis of following parameters: – For mega cities (with population of 4 million) – 50 buses per 100,000 of population – For other cities (with population of 0.5 million to 4 million) – 40 buses per 100,000 of population • The financing of buses under JnNURM is exclusively for urban transport, i.e. city bus service and/or BRTS for the city/urban area for which buses are procured
  • 15.
    Bus System reformsunder JnNURM The key objective of the scheme was to promote products with chassis and buses from manufacturing facilities in India. Installment Payment released by Central Govt. Milestones First Installment 50% • Submission of DPR Phase-I • Placement of purchase order to bus manufactures Second Installment 40% • Submission of DPR Phase-II • Route permission by Road Transport Authority • Operations tie-up • Loan tie-up Third Installment 10% • Commencement of satisfactory service operations • In order to give a boost to the automobile industry, the government sanctioned funds to procure 14,220 buses for 54 mission cities under the JNNURM scheme. • The scheme not only helped to revive automobile industry but also build a sustainable public transport system. • The payment is linked with the progress of the project, as follows:
  • 16.
    Urban Bus Specifications KeyFeatures of the Urban Bus Specifications code are: • Low floor (400mm), semi low floor (650mm) and standard buses (900mm) as against prevailing1100mm floor height (truck chassis). First time in India, there are fully built buses for city-bus operation, whereas, earlier buses were built on truck-chasis. • Intelligent Transport System (ITS) features LED Sign Boards, Audio Visual Passenger Information, Multiplexing, On Board Diagnostics, Cameras, Integrated Controller GPS, GPRS, Smart card ticketing machines.
  • 17.
    New Modern Buses BusTypes Estimated Cost (in US$) Normal Standard Bus (900MM) 50,000 Technologically-upgraded Standard Bus (900MM) 70,000 Semi Low Floor Bus (650MM) 100,000 Ultra Low Floor Bus (400MM) 120,000 Ultra Low Floor Bus with Air-condition (400MM) 140,000
  • 18.
    Structural Reforms –A Pre-condition The key highlight of the scheme is that the Government did not just provide one time funding to procure buses, but also ensure that states should perform some structural reforms to build a sustainable transportation system.
  • 19.
    State-wise Distribution State Cities AndhraPradesh Tirupati, Hyderabad Assam Guwahati Bihar Patna Bodhgaya Chhattisgarh Raipur Delhi Delhi Gujarat Ahmedabad Haryana Faridabad Himachal Pradesh Shimla Jharkhand Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Dhanbad Karnataka Bangalore Kerala Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi Madhya Pradesh Indore, Bhopal, Ujjain, Jabalpur Maharashtra Pune, Pimpri Chinchwad, Thane, Nagpur, Nanded, Mumbai Manipur Imphal Orissa Bubneshwar, Puri Punjab Amritsar, Ludhiana Rajasthan Jaipur, Ajmer Tamil Nadu Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore UT Chandigarh, Goa Uttar Pradesh Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Agra, Varanasi, Meerut, Mathura Uttarakhand Dehradun, Haridwar, Nanital West Bengal Kolkata, Asansol
  • 20.
    State-wise Distribution &Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Tripuati Andhra Pradesh 0.1 million --- Yes 50 2 50% Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 3.8 million 1.8 million Yes 1000 63 35% Guwahati Assam 0.8 million --- Yes 200 12 90% Patna Bihar 2.0 million 0.2 million No 100 9 50% Bodhgaya Bihar 30,883 --- No 25 2 80% Raipur Chhattisgarh 0.6 million --- No 100 3 80% Delhi Delhi 14 million 6 million Yes 1,500 170 35% The Government sanctioned 15,260 modern buses under economic stimulus package at a cost of US$ 1,020 Million. • In this phase, 61 cities in 25 states are covered for funding procurement of buses for urban transport under JnNURM. The Central Government contributed US$465 million for the purchase of 15,000 buses. • The Government plan to cover 118 cities having a population of 200,000 and above in second phase.
  • 21.
    State-wise Distribution &Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Goa Goa 1.4 million 0.5 million Yes 50 2 80% Ahmedabad Gujarat 5.8 million 2.1 million Yes 580 50 35% Faridabad Haryana 1.4 million --- Yes 100 12 50% Shimla Himachal Pradesh 1.0 million --- Yes 75 2 90% Jamshedpur Jharkhand 1.1 million 0.1 million No 50 1 50% Ranchi Jharkhand 0.8 million 0.2 million Yes 100 4 80% Dhanbad Jharkhand 2.4 million -- No 100 3 50% Bangalore Karnataka 8 million 3.7 million Yes 1000 72 35% Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 0.7 million --- Yes 150 12 80% Kochi Kerala 0.6 million --- Yes 200 16 50% Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 1.7 million --- Yes 225 20 50% Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh 1.3 million 0.3 million Yes 75 7 50% Indore Madhya Pradesh 0.2 million --- Yes 175 13 50% Ujjain Madhya Pradesh 0.5 million --- No 50 3 80% Pune Maharashtra 7.2 million --- Yes 500 36 50% Thane Maharashtra 1.6 million 1.1 million Yes 200 13 35% Nagpur Maharashtra 2.4 million --- Yes 300 14 50% Nanded Maharashtra 0.6 million --- Yes 30 2 80% Pimpri Chinchwad Maharashtra 1.1 million --- No 150 14 50% Mumbai Maharashtra 15 million --- Yes 1000 63 35% Imphal Manipur 0.3 million 91,265 No 25 2 90% Aizawl Mizoram 0.2 million 23,698 No 25 1 90%
  • 22.
    State-wise Distribution &Centre Share Cities States Population (2001) No. of Private Vehicles Existing Bus Transport Number of Buses Cost (in US$ Million) Centre Share Bhubaneswar Orissa 0.7 million --- No 100 4 80% Puri Orissa 0.1 million --- No 25 1 80% Amritsar Punjab 1.1 million 380,000 No 150 7 50% Ludhiana Punjab 3.0 million --- No 200 14 50% Jaipur Rajasthan 2.3 million --- No 400 32 50% Ajmer Rajasthan 0.5 million --- No 35 2 80% Madurai Tamil Nadu 0.9 million --- Yes 300 20 50% Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 0.9 million --- Yes 300 20 50% Chennai Tamil Nadu 4.3 million 2.7 million Yes 1000 66 35% Agartala Tripura 0.5 million 73,000 Yes 60 4 90% Chandigarh UT 1.0 million --- Yes 100 12 80% Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 3.7 million --- No 300 20 50% Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 2.5 million --- No 300 20 50% Allahabad Uttar Pradesh 1.2 million --- No 150 8 50% Agra Uttar Pradesh 1.4 million --- No 200 15 50% Varanasi Uttar Pradesh 3.1 million --- No 150 9 50% Meerut Uttar Pradesh 1.1 million --- No 150 8 50% Mathura Uttar Pradesh 0.3 million --- No 60 1 50% Haridwar Uttrakhand 1.4 million --- No 60 3 80% Nanital Uttrakhand 0.8 million --- No 25 1 80% Kolkatta West Bengal 4.5 million --- No 1,200 80 35% Asanol West Bengal 1.1 million --- Yes 100 5 50%
  • 23.
    Reforms in UrbanTransport – State Level • All million plus cities should setup a city-level Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMTA), duly backed by a legislation to facilitate coordinated planning and implementation of projects relating to urban transport and their integrated management. Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority Urban Transportation Fund • The State should setup a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund. The fund can generate inflows from additional sales tax on petrol, additional registration fee on four-wheelers and two-wheelers, high registration fee for personal vehicles running on diesel, annual renewal fee on driving license and vehicle registration, congestion tax, green tax etc. to fund new projects in urban transport, compensate towards exemption of tax on urban buses, replacement of assets of public transport companies and, towards meeting the cost of various other concessions extended to encourage public transport by the State Government.
  • 24.
    Reforms in UrbanTransport – State Level • The State / City should make appropriate change in bylaws and Master Plans of cities to integrate land-use and transport by densification alongside major mass Transit corridors and areas around stations. Integrated Planning • The State should set up of a regulatory/ institutional mechanism to periodically revise fares for all public and intermediate public transport systems. Fare Revision • Transit Oriented Development (TOD) policy and amendments proposed in the bylaw to encourage TOD. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) • The state government and ULB waiving off/reimbursing all its taxes on urban buses & city bus service/BRTS. State Taxes
  • 25.
    Reforms in UrbanTransport – City Level • Cities also need to setup a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund, generating inflows through betterment levy on land in areas which benefit by investment in urban transport projects, rationalization of parking fee, property development tax, property development on the land banks with para-statals, advertisement revenue on transit corridors, employment tax which can be used for establishing fare contingency fund to meet the difference between the, public fare, and the 'technical fare‘. Dedicated Urban Transport Fund Advertisement Policy • Cities should prepare an advertisement policy to generate advertisement revenue from transport, intermediate public transport and public utilities for public purposes. • Cities should evolve a parking policy wherein parking fee represents the true value of the land occupied. It can be used as a mechanism to curb private vehicles parking. Parking Policy
  • 26.
    Reforms in UrbanTransport – City Level • There is a need to implement Intelligent Transport System (ITS) to improve the service and quality of city bus system. ITS includes Automated Vehicle Location System, Automated Fare Collection System, Priority Signaling for buses and real-time bus information system. Intelligent Transport System Integrated Network • Cities should design bus routes to ensure multi-modal integration, including urban railways by involving Ministry of Railways (MoR) to provide network-connectivity in the region and single ticketing to provide seamless travel. • Cities also need to setup of a Traffic Information Management Control Centre (TIMCC) for effective monitoring and enforcement of traffic as well as data-generation and data- collection for future planning. Traffic Management Control Centre
  • 27.
    Current Status –Reforms in Different Cities S. No. States SPV UMTA Transport Fund Helpline Number Dedicated Lane Advt. Policy Parking Policy ITS 1. Andhra Pradesh         2. Arunachal Pradesh         3. Assam         4. Bihar         5. Chandigarh         6. Chhattisgarh         7. Delhi         8. Goa         9. Gujarat         10. Haryana         11. Himachal Pradesh         12. J&K         13. Jharkhand         14. Karnataka         15. Kerala         The pace of the reforms is very slow in most of the cities.
  • 28.
    Current Status –Reforms in Different Cities S. No. States SPV UMTA Transport Fund Helpline Number Dedicated Lane Advt. Policy Parking Policy ITS 16. Madhya Pradesh         17. Maharashtra         18. Manipur         19. Meghalaya         20. Mizoram         21. Nagaland         22. Orissa         23. Pondicherry         24. Punjab         25. Rajasthan         26. Sikkim         27. Tamil Nadu         28. Tripura         29. Uttar Pradesh         30. Uttaranchal         31. West Bengal        
  • 29.
    Challenges faced bySTUs • Many states do not have experience and knowledge to manage bus operation. Secondly, states also did not able to find out strategic partner to finance, operate and maintain these buses. • Local bus manufacturers are having serious constraints in manufacturing integrated bus with ITS features. • Owning to big procurement orders from all states, there is also delay in delivery of buses from local bus manufacturers. • Testing infrastructure at Central Institute of Road Transport (CIRT) and The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) is not sufficient to test new types of buses. • Indian standards are silent on some issues for example, there is no standard of mat finished of paint. As such, for such items international standards and international procedures have to be followed.
  • 30.
    Indian Bus Industry BusManufacturers Order Received Key Clients Tata Motors Limited 5,888 DTC, APSRTC, UPSRTC, BMTC Ashok Leyland Limited 5,209 DTC, APSRTC, UPSRTC, BMTC, BEST Volvo India Pvt. Limited 800 APSRTC Swaraj Mazda Limited 350 UPSRTC JCBL Limited 200 BEST Mercedes Motors Limited -- -- Satluz Pvt. Limited -- -- Ural Pvt. Limited -- -- Bus Manufacturers in India - JnNURM Buses
  • 31.
    Challenges faced bythe Industry • Different states are placing different order with different specification. There is no uniformity. Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) had laid down broad Urban Bus Specifications, various STUs have asked for different specifications, which results that – Tata Motors developed 16 prototypes – Ashok Leyland developed 24 prototypes • Commercial vehicle manufacturers’ still waiting for the release of payments to the tune of over US$ 450 million from various state transport agencies. – State transport agencies requires to submit Phase-II DPR and implement various reforms before claiming the second installment. – The central government gave the first installment for buses and will transfer the remaining share when states / cities will implement the reforms.
  • 32.
    Impact of theScheme • About 8,800 buses are on road as in September 2010. • 34 new cities have organized city bus service. • State & local taxes on public transport is reduced upto 16% from 24% earlier. • The Government has released more than 50% to states, i.e. around US$ 237 million. “For the first time in the history of independent India, substantial assistance has been made available for purchase of 15,220 modern buses for city transport for 61 mission cities. As we consider public transport in cities a critical issue, we will try to organize assistance in procurement of such buses in 118 cities having a population of 200,000 and above” Mr. Jaipal Reddy Minister for Urban Development, “According to the memorandum of agreements with the states, they were supposed to have undertaken many reforms like creation of an unified transport authority in the cities where these buses would ply. The states had also agreed with the Centre to roll out smart ticketing systems and a dedicated urban transport fund, among other things. Most of the states have failed to do so.” Mr. Saugata Ray Minister of State for Urban Development (September 2010)
  • 33.
    6th UITP Asia-Pacific Congress Inconjunction with 3rd International Conference on Public Transport Financing 15-19 November 2010, Hong Kong, China Thank You!!! Jaspal Singh Deputy Manager (Road Transport) Jaspal.singh@dimts.in / jaaaspal@gmail.com