Bryophytes are a division of non-vascular land plants that include liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They lack conducting and strengthening tissues like vascular plants. Bryophytes reproduce using spores and have alternation of generations, with the gametophyte being the dominant generation and the sporophyte attached to it. They are generally found in damp environments where they absorb water through their general surfaces.
Bryophytes are small, non-vascular plants, such as mosses, liverworts and hornworts. They play a vital role in regulating ecosystems because they provide an important buffer system for other plants, which live alongside and benefit from the water and nutrients that bryophytes collect.
Bryophytes are small, non-vascular plants, such as mosses, liverworts and hornworts. They play a vital role in regulating ecosystems because they provide an important buffer system for other plants, which live alongside and benefit from the water and nutrients that bryophytes collect.
Algae are chlorophyll bearing autotrophic bodies with thalloid plant body. Thallus may be unicellular to multicellular, microscopic or macroscopic in structure.
This ppt describes about the genus Riccia, its distribution, habiata, gametophytis as well as sporophytic phase, etc. Hope it will help the students of Botany in preparing for their examk nations.
Algae are chlorophyll bearing autotrophic bodies with thalloid plant body. Thallus may be unicellular to multicellular, microscopic or macroscopic in structure.
This ppt describes about the genus Riccia, its distribution, habiata, gametophytis as well as sporophytic phase, etc. Hope it will help the students of Botany in preparing for their examk nations.
Bryophyta: Exploring the World of Mosses, Liverworts, and HornwortsAnkitRaj274827
Introduction:
Bryophyta, commonly known as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, represent an intriguing group of non-vascular plants that play crucial roles in various ecosystems worldwide. In this presentation, we delve into the fascinating world of Bryophyta, exploring their characteristics, ecological significance, and diverse forms.
Characteristics:
Non-Vascular Structure: Unlike vascular plants, Bryophyta lack specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients. Instead, they rely on diffusion and osmosis for nutrient uptake.
Gametophyte Dominance: Bryophytes typically exhibit a dominant gametophyte generation, with sporophytes being smaller and dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition.
Reproductive Strategy: Bryophytes reproduce via spores, which are dispersed through various mechanisms such as wind or water. They often have specialized reproductive structures like capsules or sporangia.
Habitat Diversity: Bryophytes inhabit diverse environments, including moist forests, tundra, and aquatic habitats. They can thrive in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
Ecological Significance:
Soil Stabilization: Bryophytes play a crucial role in preventing soil erosion by anchoring themselves to the substrate and trapping sediments.
Water Retention: Mosses and other bryophytes have high water retention capabilities, contributing to moisture regulation in their surroundings and providing microhabitats for other organisms.
Carbon Sequestration: Despite their small size, bryophytes contribute significantly to carbon sequestration, particularly in peatlands, where they form extensive deposits of organic matter.
Biodiversity Support: Bryophyte mats provide habitats and food sources for various microorganisms, invertebrates, and small vertebrates, enhancing biodiversity in ecosystems.
Diversity:
Mosses (Bryophyta): Mosses are the most familiar group of bryophytes, characterized by their small, leafy structures called gametophytes. They often form dense mats on soil, rocks, or tree bark.
Liverworts (Marchantiophyta): Liverworts exhibit a diverse range of forms, including thalloid (flat) and leafy species. They are typically found in moist habitats and often have unique reproductive structures.
Hornworts (Anthocerotophyta): Hornworts are characterized by their elongated, horn-shaped sporophytes emerging from a flattened gametophyte. They are less common than mosses and liverworts but are ecologically important.
Conclusion:
Bryophyta, comprising mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, are essential components of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Their unique characteristics, ecological significance, and diverse forms highlight their importance in biodiversity conservation and ecosystem functioning. As we continue to explore and study Bryophyta, we gain deeper insights into the intricate web of life on Earth.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
3. Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of
three divisions of non-vascular land plants.
Liverworts
Hornworts
Mosses
The bryophytes consist of 20000 species.
Bryophytes produce enclosed reproductive
structures (gametangia and sporangia),but they
do not produce flowers or seeds. The term
“bryophytes” comes from Greek Bryon “tree
moss oyster- green” + phyton “plant”.
4. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants.
They have no conducting and strengthening
tissues(xylem and phloem).
They were evolved from green algae.
They are poorly adapted for life on land.
They are present only in damp shady places.
The transport of water,minerals,prepared food
and substances take place by diffusion.
They do not have proper roots but have
rhizoids.
5. They can reproduce by means of spores.
Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant
kingdom.
These plants can live in soil but are dependent
on water for sexual reproduction.
The plant body is without cuticle.
Water is absorbed by the general surface of the
plants.
In bryophytes gametophyte
is dominant and sporophyte
is attached to it.
6. Sex organs in bryophytes are ANTHERIDIA
and ARCHEGONIA.
Bryophytes show alternation of generation.
In these plants sporophyte is diploid(2n).
Sporophyte consist of foot, seta and capsule.
Sporophyte of bryophytes is homosporous.
7. Gametophyte of bryophytes is haploid.
It consist of leaves and rhizoids.
