science 8 kingdom fungi and plantae. Kingdom Fungi pptx

1. Kingdom Fungi
and Plantae
Week 1 Day 3

2. Learning Goals
Identify organisms under Kingdom Fungi
and Plantae
Classify organisms based on their distinct
characteristics (Fungi and Plantae)
Provide examples for Kingdom Plantae
and Fungi.

3. KINGDOM FUNGI
The fungi constitute a unique kingdom
of heterotrophic organisms.
Some unicellular fungi, e.g., yeast are
used to make bread and beer.
Other fungi cause diseases in plants
and animals; wheat rust-causing
Puccinia is an important example. Some
are the source of antibiotics, e.g.,
Penicillium.

4. KINGDOM FUNGI
SAPROPHYTES - are heterotrophic
and absorb soluble organic matter
from dead substrates.
PARASITES - that depend on living
plants and animals.
MYCORRHIZA - a symbiotic
association between plant roots and
fungi

5. KINGDOM FUNGI

6. KINGDOM FUNGI
Reproduction in fungi can take place by
vegetative means – fragmentation, fission and
budding.
Asexual reproduction is by spores called conidia
or sporangiospores or zoospores.
Sexual reproduction is by oospores, ascospores
and basidiospores

7. KINGDOM FUNGI

8. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Phycomycetes - found in
aquatic habitats and on
decaying wood in moist and
damp places or as obligate
parasites on plants. Also
known as “lower fungi”. Albugo
white rust

9. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Phycomycetes - found in
aquatic habitats and on
decaying wood in moist and
damp places or as obligate
parasites on plants. Also
known as “lower fungi”.
Water Molds

10. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Ascomycetes - commonly
known as sac-fungi are mostly
multicellular, e.g., Penicillium,
or rarely unicellular, e.g., yeast
(Saccharomyces). They are
saprophytic, decomposers,
parasitic or coprophilous
(growing on dung). Yeast

11. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Ascomycetes - commonly
known as sac-fungi are mostly
multicellular, e.g., Penicillium,
or rarely unicellular, e.g., yeast
(Saccharomyces). They are
saprophytic, decomposers,
parasitic or coprophilous
(growing on dung).
Penicillium

12. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Basidiomycetes – “club
fungi”. Commonly known
forms of basidiomycetes are
mushrooms, bracket fungi
or puffballs. They grow in
soil, on logs and tree stumps
and in living plant bodies as
parasites. Mushrooms

13. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Deuteromycetes - “fungi imperfecti”
Commonly known as imperfect fungi
because only the asexual or vegetative
phases of these fungi are known.
When the sexual forms of these fungi
were discovered they were moved into
classes they rightly belong to.
Trichoderma

14. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FUNGI
Deuteromycetes - “fungi imperfecti”
Commonly known as imperfect fungi
because only the asexual or vegetative
phases of these fungi are known.
When the sexual forms of these fungi
were discovered they were moved into
classes they rightly belong to.
Fusarium

15. KINGDOM
PLANTAE

16. KINGDOM PLANTAE
Kingdom Plantae includes all eukaryotic chlorophyll-
containing organisms commonly called plants. A few
members are partially heterotrophic such as the insectivorous
plants or parasites. Bladderwort and Venus fly trap are
examples of insectivorous plants. The plant cells have an
eukaryotic structure with prominent chloroplasts and cell wall
mainly made of cellulose.

17. KINGDOM PLANTAE
VENUS FLY TRAP
BLADDERWORT

18. KINGDOM PLANTAE
Rafflesia philippensis
 Rafflesia has no roots,
leaves, or stems. It
spends its life inside its
host plant, only
appearing above
ground to
bloom. Having done
away with
photosynthesis, it lives
entirely at the expense
of its host – a tropical

19. NON –VASCULAR PLANTS
Non-vascular plants were the first plants to evolve. Their small
size and lack of vascular tissue systems explain their primitive
existence. The first non-vascular plants to evolve were found to be
the liverworts. The hornworts evolved next, and mosses evolved
last. Among all the bryophytes, mosses are most similar to vascular
plants.
Absence of Vascular Tissues
They are commonly found in moist environments
Absence of Leaves, Root and Shoot System

21. KINGDOM PLANTAE : NON-VASCULAR PLANTS
BRYOPHYTES - informal group
name for mosses, liverworts
and hornworts. They are non-
vascular plants, which means
they have no roots or vascular
tissue, but instead absorb
water and nutrients from the
air through their surface (e.g.,
their leaves). Mosses

22. KINGDOM PLANTAE : NON-VASCULAR PLANTS
BRYOPHYTES - informal group
name for mosses, liverworts
and hornworts. They are non-
vascular plants, which means
they have no roots or vascular
tissue, but instead absorb
water and nutrients from the
air through their surface (e.g.,
their leaves). Liverworts

23. KINGDOM PLANTAE : NON-VASCULAR PLANTS
BRYOPHYTES - informal group
name for mosses, liverworts
and hornworts. They are non-
vascular plants, which means
they have no roots or vascular
tissue, but instead absorb
water and nutrients from the
air through their surface (e.g.,
their leaves). Hornworts

24. KINGDOM PLANTAE : NON-VASCULAR PLANTS
CHLOROPHYTA or GREEN
ALGAE - organisms which
are characterized by having
chlorophylls a and b as the
major photosynthetic
pigments, starch located
within the chloroplast

25. VASCULAR PLANTS
Vascular plants (from Latin word ‘vasculum’ meaning duct), also
known as tracheophytes (from Greek word ‘trachea’, a duct or tube),
are land plants containing specialized vascular conducting tissues.
They are found almost everywhere on earth. Common examples of
vascular plants include trees, shrubs, grasses, flowering plants, and
ferns.
The main characteristics of vascular plants are the presence of two
different vascular tissues – xylem and phloem.

27. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants
Pteridophytes - are vascular
plants that reproduce using
spores. They do not produce
flowers and seeds and
hence are also known as
cryptogams.
• Ferns
• Horsetails
• Lycopods or Lycophytes

28. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants
 The plant body has true
roots, stem and leaves
 Pteridophytes are
considered as the first
plants to be evolved on
land
 They are cryptogams,
seedless and vascular
 Spores develop in
sporangia Ferns

29. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants
GYMNOSPERM - comes from the
Greek words “gymnos”(naked)
and “sperma”(seed), hence
known as “Naked seeds.”
Gymnosperms are the seed-
producing plants, but unlike
angiosperms, they produce seeds
without fruits. These plants
develop on the surface of scales
or leaves, or at the end of stalks
forming a cone-like structure.
Ferns

30. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants
1.They do not produce
flowers.
2.Seeds are not formed
inside a fruit. They are
naked.
3.They are found in colder
regions where snowfall
occurs.
4.They develop needle-like
leaves.

31. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants
ANGIOSPERM - derived
from Greek, which
translates to a
“container.” As the
name suggests,
angiosperms are
vascular plants which
bear seeds in fruits or
mature ovaries.
Angiosperm forms flower
that carries

32. KINGDOM PLANTAE: Vascular Plants