Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by permanent dilation of the bronchi. It has both congenital and acquired causes such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Patients experience chronic cough, sputum production, and recurrent lung infections. Diagnosis involves chest imaging such as CT scan. Treatment focuses on treating infections, clearing secretions, and surgery in severe cases. Surgical options include lung resection procedures such as lobectomy or pneumonectomy to remove diseased portions of the lung.