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Bridging XAPI into Higher Education: Learning Analytics, Ownership, and Privacy
The document discusses the implementation of xAPI in higher education, emphasizing its role in learning analytics and privacy concerns for identifiable individuals. It outlines xAPI's features, such as immutable activity statements, detailed reporting, and its reliance on external privacy models to protect user information. The conclusion suggests that despite its capabilities, xAPI lacks an inherent privacy framework and stresses the importance of context-aware anonymization and robust privacy policies.
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Bridging XAPI into Higher Education: Learning Analytics, Ownership, and Privacy
- 1. FHO Fachhochschule Ostschweiz BridgingXAPI into Higher Education Learning Analytics Ownership and Privacy Prof. Dr. Christian Glahn Blended Learning Center (@phish108)
- 2. @phish108 Privacy for identifiable actors Notprivacy through aggregation or encryption
- 3.
- 4. @phish108 XAPI aims tobe the successor of SCORM (it is already part of CMI5)
- 5. @phish108 Learning Analytics Ecosystem (LMSFunctions) LRS " # $% & ' Collaboration Communication Course Management Assessment & Grading Identity Management Resource Provider + Analytics
- 6.
- 7. @phish108 ( )Activity Consumer LRS Activity Provider UUID time actor object verb result context 4 Activity Statement ExperienceAPI Interoperable Data Tracking and Reporting
- 8.
- 9. @phish108 ( ) Experience API CascadedProcessing Activity Consumer LRS Activity Provider LRS LRS
- 10. @phish108 XAPI Characteristics § XAPIallows LRS-level statement completion only for the initial LRS § XAPI declares activity statements as immutable § XAPI leaves privacy to the educational designer/publisher § XAPI allows very detailed statements § XAPI allows linked data
- 11. @phish108 ( ) Who controls XAPIProcesses? Activity Consumer LRS Activity Provider
- 12. @phish108 Students Peers Lecturers 5 Stakeholder and Ownership Programdirector Study administration Quality control Department 6 Educational designer Publisher Tool provider Service provider 6 Internal External DirectIndirect
- 13. @phish108 ( ) XAPI Privacy byDesign? Activity Consumer LRS Activity Provider
- 14. @phish108 Focus on XAPIPrivacy UUID time actor object verb result context 4XAPI
- 15. @phish108 Remember An XAPI LRSis always part of an educational system!
- 16. @phish108 Privacy Framework forXAPI Applications LRS $% & Course & Context Management Identity Management (App )Activity Consumer Contextualized Unique References 'Assessment & Grading Linked data
- 17. @phish108 Privacy Framework forXAPI Applications LRS $% & Course & Context Management Identity Management (App )Activity Consumer Authorized Access to the Details 'Assessment & Grading Linked data
- 18. @phish108 Contextualised Anonymisation Example Course 101participant ID https://uni.ac/id/ax03cB Course 102 participant ID https://uni.ac/id/7G0qVp Peter Peter existsexists https://uni.ac/id/ax03cB https://uni.ac/id/7G0qVp https://uni.ac/id/ax03cBhttps://uni.ac/id/7G0qVp
- 19. @phish108 Conclusions § XAPI doesnot come with a privacy model § XAPI requires externally reinforced privacy § Reduce exposed and inferable information § Contextualized anonymization does not make up for a missing privacy policy
- 20. Christian Glahn Blended LearningCenter http://slidesha.re/phish108 @phish108 @htwblc icons by fontawesome http://fontawesome.io