Language and Communication
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This document discusses various aspects of language and communication. It defines what language is, including words having denotative and connotative meanings. It also discusses cognitive language, grammar as a system of rules, and the different functions of language like communication, controlling, informing and imagining. The document outlines problems with language and meaning, including abstraction, evasion, semantics and pragmatics. It examines language behaviors and how they are influenced by relationships, context, gender roles, geography and technology.
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Language and Communication
The document discusses several key topics related to language and communication:
1) It defines what language is, including words having multiple meanings like denotative and connotative meanings.
2) Grammar and context are important for effective communication. Grammar provides rules but language must also be understood within its context.
3) The functions of language include communication, controlling, informing, feeling, and imagining. Language acquisition involves learning words and how to use them appropriately.
4) There can be problems with language meaning due to vagueness, evasion, bias, and lack of shared context between communicators. Understanding semantics and pragmatics is important.
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The document discusses several topics related to language and communication. It defines what language is, including that words have denotative and connotative meanings. It also discusses cognitive language and how our thoughts and culture can influence the language we use. Grammar is defined as the system of rules that govern language, but successful communication also requires understanding the cultural and situational context. The functions of language include communication, acquisition of language, and controlling, informing, feeling, imagining, and ritualizing. Problems with language can include abstraction, evasion, equivocation, euphemisms, slang, jargon, semantics, pragmatics, and biased language. Language behaviors are influenced by relationships, contexts like family versus work, and the S
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Language & Communication
Language and communication can be studied from several perspectives. Language evolved from early hominid calls and gestures and allows humans to communicate about things not present. Nonverbal communication conveys meaning through signs, body language and gestures which vary across cultures. The structure of language includes phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon. Sociolinguistics examines how social factors influence language variation and use. Historical linguistics studies how languages have changed over long periods of time.
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The document discusses several key topics related to language and communication:
1) It defines what language is, including words having multiple meanings like denotative and connotative meanings.
2) Grammar and context are important for effective communication. Grammar provides rules but language must also be understood within its context.
3) The functions of language include communication, controlling, informing, feeling, and imagining. Language acquisition involves learning words and how to use them appropriately.
4) There can be problems with language meaning due to vagueness, evasion, bias, and lack of shared context between communicators. Understanding semantics and pragmatics is important.
Language & Communication across Cultures
Language & Communication across Cultures in Cross-cultural Perspective. A Presentation summary based on the book from Matsumoto, D. & Juang, L. (2007). Culture and Psychology (4th Ed.). Wadsworth.
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The document discusses the key components of language:
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- Morphology studies the smallest units of meaning, like morphemes and affixes, which are critical to vocabulary development.
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1) Language is an abstract system of symbols and meanings that includes rules for relating symbols and meanings to allow communication. It is a key feature that distinguishes humans from other animals.
2) Language is organized through processes like remembrance and utilization of limited words and infinite sentences. It involves meaningful, arbitrary symbols linked to concepts through sound.
3) Communication requires at least a transmitter, signal, channel, and receiver. It can be verbal using language or nonverbal using cues like paralanguage, proxemics, and body language. While language is important for human communication, some communication is still possible without it through other signals.
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This document discusses the relationship between language, mind, and culture. It defines language as a means of communication that occurs within a social context. The mind is described as enabling consciousness, perception, thinking, and memory. Culture is defined as shared meanings, values, and beliefs that characterize groups and guide their behavior. The document argues that language transfers a speaker's purpose to the mind, which then processes it and can turn it into a culture if many people assume it as a truth, according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis of linguistic relativity.
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Culture and language
Language both reflects and creates culture through linguistic practices that generate meaning. It serves several cultural functions, including shaping cultural worldviews and cognitive processes, directing attention to important social realities, fostering group identity, and enabling social change. While language reinforces cultural norms, it also allows for code-switching and the flexible expression of new meanings over time. Overall, the document discusses the close relationship between language and culture, and how language socializes individuals and transmits cultural values.
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The document discusses the various purposes of language, including:
1) Expressive purposes - using language to express feelings, ideas, or attitudes without necessarily considering the audience.
2) Informative purposes - conveying information to others.
3) Cognitive purposes - using language to persuade, entertain, or provoke an emotional response from the audience.
4) Phatic purposes - using language to establish or maintain social contact rather than convey meaningful information.
5) Metalinguistic purposes - using language to discuss or refer to language itself.
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Nature of language
Language can refer to a system of communication used by humans or a specific instance of such a system. There are approximately 3000-6000 natural languages spoken worldwide with sign languages and written languages also considered forms of language. Language allows humans to learn and use complex communication systems. Words can have literal meanings as well as implied meanings from context and interpretation. Different types of meanings include denotative, connotative, social, metaphorical, emotive, and pragmatic meanings which depend on factors such as context, intent, interpretation, and cultural associations.
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This document discusses the relationship between language and culture. It makes three key points:
1) Language is the primary means of transmitting culture from one generation to the next and helps establish shared cultural identities.
2) The structure of a language influences how its speakers view and categorize the world, as demonstrated by the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Different languages encourage different conceptualizations.
3) Culture strongly influences language acquisition and use, affecting vocabulary, social conventions around self-reference, and high- versus low-context communication styles. Language both shapes and is shaped by the cultures of its speakers.
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The document discusses several topics related to language in society, including bilingual education programs, African American English ("Ebonics"), slang, jargon, taboo language, and euphemisms. It notes that bilingual education programs take different forms, from transitional programs that phase out the native language to dual immersion programs that aim for all students to become bilingual. It also discusses how taboo words relate to social attitudes and give rise to euphemisms, as well as how secret languages and language games demonstrate humans' creativity with language.
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Language is a complex system of communication that is unique to humans. It uses various systematic elements like sound and grammar to convey meaning. Sound patterns take on meaning when combined according to the rules of a language's grammar, where word order is critical. As a symbolic system, language evolves over time as new words are introduced and meanings of words change, allowing humans to articulate thought.
Word and culture
Kinship systems are a universal feature of language because kinship is important for social organization. For example, one's father's father and mother's father are both called grandfather. People use folk taxonomies rather than scientific classifications to categorize aspects of their world in a way that makes sense to them and shows how systematic their language use is. The terms used to describe color provide insight into the relationships between languages and cultures. All languages have basic color terms, which are single words like blue or yellow rather than combinations like light blue. Concepts are best viewed as prototypes, such as defining a bird by a robin rather than its characteristics. Taboo prohibits behavior in a society believed to cause anxiety, embarrassment, or shame through
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This document discusses the concepts of language and communication. It defines language as an abstract system of symbols that carry prescribed meanings, which can be sounds or letters. The key characteristics of language are that it is humane, meaningful, symbolic, systematic, and flexible. Communication is defined as the process of sharing information, messages, knowledge, or feelings through a communicator, message, channel, and receiver. The relationship between language and communication is that language provides one of the primary channels for the process of communication between humans. While communication is possible without language through gestures, language helps to make communication more meaningful, reduces confusion, and facilitates thinking, aesthetic expression, and cultural exchange.
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This document discusses different perspectives on the concept of language. It contrasts the view of language in linguistics with more everyday understandings. In linguistics, language is studied through examining its universal properties, using both natural languages like English as well as artificial example languages. These artificial languages demonstrate properties like vocabulary, syntax and semantics. However, they lack meaningful relationships to the real world. Natural languages relate symbols to the world through truth conditions and can be used to make statements that are true or false. The document introduces the sociolinguistic perspective, which studies language use in its social contexts.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND THINKING
Hi I am Bsc(hons) nursing student (first year).
This is my first presentation which have been given by my psychology teacher. I have done some researches to make it good hope you guys get help from it. If u find any mistake in my slide then let me know as i m beginner and trying to learn.
Sorry for spelling mistakes(if any).
Important for nursing student as well as psychology students.
THANKYOU!
Micro societal issues in language
If you happen to like this powerpoint, you may contact me at flippedchannel@gmail.com
I offer some educational services like:
-powerpoint presentation maker
-grammarian
-content creator
-layout designer
Subscribe to our online platforms:
FlippED Channel (Youtube)
http://bit.ly/FlippEDChannel
LET in the NET (facebook)
http://bit.ly/LETndNET
Oral Language : Nature and Characteristics
The document discusses key concepts about language including definitions, the nature and attributes of language, and strategies for effective oral language. It defines language as a system of symbols used to convey thought from one person to another. It also discusses that language is dynamic, words have multiple meanings, and meanings exist in people's minds rather than in words themselves. Language is influenced by culture and time. Effective oral language should be clear, direct, appropriate for the audience and occasion, and vivid through the use of imagery.
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1.1 Language 1.1.1 Language and You; Language and Us
Language is an essential and ubiquitous component of our lives. To see that this statement is true for yourself, take a moment to think about your day. Cast your mind back to when you first awoke. What were your thoughts and how were they expressed?
Trace the day in your mind and try to count how many people you spoke with, even if it was just a quick “hi†or “thank you.†Did you listen to a lecture? Watch television? Talk on the phone? Make an appointment? Sing a song? All of these activities centrally involve language. Now think about what you read today. Perhaps a newspaper, pages on the Internet, email, advertisements, labels, signs, home- work assignments? Now move on to thought itself. What thoughts and ideas have passed through your mind? Have you made explicit plans, imagined conversations, debated with yourself? If you are like most people, this brief exer- cise has revealed that language is both within and around you, a constant part of your internal and external existence. Language is the primary medium which you use to interact with people and institutions in our society. Your particular use of language is also a reflection of who you are as an individual; all of us use language as a means to build and portray our identities in the world around us. We also use language to shape and interpret the great and small experi- ences of our lives.
Think about the broader world in which we live. Language is the principal means by which societies are constructed and cultures are developed. Think of the size of our soci- ety’s great libraries, and how the majority of the volumes in those vast collections (14.6 million volumes in the Harvard University Library alone) are language in its written form. The intellectual achievements of humankind are essentially embodied in language. Not only is this true of the written works that formally encapsulate our knowledge, but it is also true of the huge body of indigenous knowledge held by the speakers of thousands of languages across the globe, from the Brazilian Amazon to the Mongolian steppes. Some may argue that music and art are non-linguistic, but note that they often incorporate lan- guage, as with lyrics. Even works that do not contain language are interpreted and under- stood through verbal thought, discussion, and critical analysis. Similarly, mathematics could be argued to be non-linguistic, but again language is used to teach, understand, and interpret it.
Beyond the modern world, consider that language has been used by humans for at least 30,000 years, by thousands of groups across the globe, wherever humans have ven- tured. Speakers of each generation endow their language with their own unique mark, their own contribution, changing it in myriad subtle ways. As language passes from
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CHAPTER TOPICSLanguage Is SymbolicUnderstandings and MisunderstandingsThe Impact of LanguageGender and LanguageCulture and Language
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Language Is SymbolicThe Natural WorldSmoke means something is burningA fever means someone is illLanguage Is SymbolicConnection between words and the ideas or things they represent is arbitrary
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Understanding and MisunderstandingUnderstanding WordsSemantic rules“Bikes” are for riding and “books” are for readingEquivocationStatements that have more than one commonly accepted definition
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Understanding and MisunderstandingRelative LanguageWords that gain their meaning by comparisonStatic EvaluationStatements that contain or imply the word is lead to mistaken assumptions about people
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Understandings and MisunderstandingsAbstractionIs vague in natureBehavioral language is specific to things people do or sayAbstraction LadderHighly abstract language can lead to blanket judgments
Figure 5.1
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understandings and MisunderstandingsSyntactic RulesGovern the grammar of languagePragmatic RulesGovern the way speech works in everyday interactionCommunication as a cooperative gameCoordination
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Understandings and MisunderstandingsPragmatic RulesSome rules shared by most people in a culturePeople in their own individual relationships create their own sets of rules
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The Impact of LanguageNaming and IdentityNames are more than just a simple means of identificationThey shape the way others think of usThey shape the way we view ourselvesThey shape the way we act
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The Impact of LanguageAffiliationSpeech can build and demonstrate solidarity with othersConvergenceThe process of adapting one’s speech style to match othersDivergenceSpeaking in a way that emphasizes one’s differences from others
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The Impact of LanguagePowerless Language Hedges HesitationsIntensifiersPolite formsTag questionsDisclaimersRising inflections
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The Impact of LanguagePowerless Language Powerful speech is culturally basedLanguage that is too powerful may intimidateIn some situations, polite forms of speech can enhance effectiveness
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The Impact of LanguageDisruptive languageThree linguistic habits to avoidFact-Opinion ConfusionFact-Inference ConfusionEmotive Language
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The Impact of LanguageLanguage of Responsibility“It” Statements“But” Statements“I” and “You” Language“We” Language
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Gender and LanguageContentFemale friends spent more time discussing:Relationship problems, family, healthMale friends spent more time discussing:Current events, music, sports, businessThese differences can lead to ...
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This document discusses the relationship between language and culture. It argues that language is central to culture, as culture is transmitted orally through language. Understanding another culture's subtle meanings requires knowledge of its language. Different languages reflect different ways of categorizing the world and processing information. As cultures see the world differently, their languages express different beliefs and values. Language influences thought processes and is integral to cultural identity.
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The document discusses the key components of language:
- Semantics refers to the system of meanings expressed by words and phrases. Learning new words is difficult for children.
- Phonology is the system of speech sounds in a language. Children learn the phonemes of their native language.
- Morphology studies the smallest units of meaning, like morphemes and affixes, which are critical to vocabulary development.
- Syntax involves combining words and morphemes into sentences according to grammatical rules.
- Pragmatics governs social uses of language based on context, turn-taking, and shared understanding between speakers.
Language & Communication
1) Language is an abstract system of symbols and meanings that includes rules for relating symbols and meanings to allow communication. It is a key feature that distinguishes humans from other animals.
2) Language is organized through processes like remembrance and utilization of limited words and infinite sentences. It involves meaningful, arbitrary symbols linked to concepts through sound.
3) Communication requires at least a transmitter, signal, channel, and receiver. It can be verbal using language or nonverbal using cues like paralanguage, proxemics, and body language. While language is important for human communication, some communication is still possible without it through other signals.
Relationship Between Language, Mind, and culture
This document discusses the relationship between language, mind, and culture. It defines language as a means of communication that occurs within a social context. The mind is described as enabling consciousness, perception, thinking, and memory. Culture is defined as shared meanings, values, and beliefs that characterize groups and guide their behavior. The document argues that language transfers a speaker's purpose to the mind, which then processes it and can turn it into a culture if many people assume it as a truth, according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis of linguistic relativity.
Nature and Structure of Language
Criteria of the System of Communication
in order for it to be considered a language, characteristics of language, and its building blocks.
#LanguageCurriculum
Culture and language
Language both reflects and creates culture through linguistic practices that generate meaning. It serves several cultural functions, including shaping cultural worldviews and cognitive processes, directing attention to important social realities, fostering group identity, and enabling social change. While language reinforces cultural norms, it also allows for code-switching and the flexible expression of new meanings over time. Overall, the document discusses the close relationship between language and culture, and how language socializes individuals and transmits cultural values.
The purpose of language
The document discusses the various purposes of language, including:
1) Expressive purposes - using language to express feelings, ideas, or attitudes without necessarily considering the audience.
2) Informative purposes - conveying information to others.
3) Cognitive purposes - using language to persuade, entertain, or provoke an emotional response from the audience.
4) Phatic purposes - using language to establish or maintain social contact rather than convey meaningful information.
5) Metalinguistic purposes - using language to discuss or refer to language itself.
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Part of 2012 EFLIS Primary InterSection Session With CALLIS & ICIS Friday, 30 March 2012 - PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING ACROSS CULTURES IN THE EFL CLASSROOM THROUGH CALL
Nature of language
Language can refer to a system of communication used by humans or a specific instance of such a system. There are approximately 3000-6000 natural languages spoken worldwide with sign languages and written languages also considered forms of language. Language allows humans to learn and use complex communication systems. Words can have literal meanings as well as implied meanings from context and interpretation. Different types of meanings include denotative, connotative, social, metaphorical, emotive, and pragmatic meanings which depend on factors such as context, intent, interpretation, and cultural associations.
Language and culture
This document discusses the relationship between language and culture. It makes three key points:
1) Language is the primary means of transmitting culture from one generation to the next and helps establish shared cultural identities.
2) The structure of a language influences how its speakers view and categorize the world, as demonstrated by the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Different languages encourage different conceptualizations.
3) Culture strongly influences language acquisition and use, affecting vocabulary, social conventions around self-reference, and high- versus low-context communication styles. Language both shapes and is shaped by the cultures of its speakers.
Language in society
The document discusses several topics related to language in society, including bilingual education programs, African American English ("Ebonics"), slang, jargon, taboo language, and euphemisms. It notes that bilingual education programs take different forms, from transitional programs that phase out the native language to dual immersion programs that aim for all students to become bilingual. It also discusses how taboo words relate to social attitudes and give rise to euphemisms, as well as how secret languages and language games demonstrate humans' creativity with language.
INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGE
Language is defined in multiple ways in the document. The most encompassing definition is that language is a system of arbitrary and conventional vocal symbols through which thought is conveyed from one human being to another. Language has several key elements - it is a system, the symbols used are arbitrary, it is vocal in nature, uses symbols, and the symbols are conventional. Language allows for the transmission of messages between humans. It has unique properties like duality of structure, creativity, arbitrariness, reciprocity, displacement, cultural transmission through learning, specialization, discreteness, and reflexiveness. Competence refers to the internalized knowledge of language rules, while performance is the actual use of language. Language serves important functions like communication
Lesson 1 defining language
Language is a complex system of communication that is unique to humans. It uses various systematic elements like sound and grammar to convey meaning. Sound patterns take on meaning when combined according to the rules of a language's grammar, where word order is critical. As a symbolic system, language evolves over time as new words are introduced and meanings of words change, allowing humans to articulate thought.
Word and culture
Kinship systems are a universal feature of language because kinship is important for social organization. For example, one's father's father and mother's father are both called grandfather. People use folk taxonomies rather than scientific classifications to categorize aspects of their world in a way that makes sense to them and shows how systematic their language use is. The terms used to describe color provide insight into the relationships between languages and cultures. All languages have basic color terms, which are single words like blue or yellow rather than combinations like light blue. Concepts are best viewed as prototypes, such as defining a bird by a robin rather than its characteristics. Taboo prohibits behavior in a society believed to cause anxiety, embarrassment, or shame through
Language and communication ( The chemistry between the two)
This document discusses the concepts of language and communication. It defines language as an abstract system of symbols that carry prescribed meanings, which can be sounds or letters. The key characteristics of language are that it is humane, meaningful, symbolic, systematic, and flexible. Communication is defined as the process of sharing information, messages, knowledge, or feelings through a communicator, message, channel, and receiver. The relationship between language and communication is that language provides one of the primary channels for the process of communication between humans. While communication is possible without language through gestures, language helps to make communication more meaningful, reduces confusion, and facilitates thinking, aesthetic expression, and cultural exchange.
Language and society
This document discusses different perspectives on the concept of language. It contrasts the view of language in linguistics with more everyday understandings. In linguistics, language is studied through examining its universal properties, using both natural languages like English as well as artificial example languages. These artificial languages demonstrate properties like vocabulary, syntax and semantics. However, they lack meaningful relationships to the real world. Natural languages relate symbols to the world through truth conditions and can be used to make statements that are true or false. The document introduces the sociolinguistic perspective, which studies language use in its social contexts.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND THINKING
Hi I am Bsc(hons) nursing student (first year).
This is my first presentation which have been given by my psychology teacher. I have done some researches to make it good hope you guys get help from it. If u find any mistake in my slide then let me know as i m beginner and trying to learn.
Sorry for spelling mistakes(if any).
Important for nursing student as well as psychology students.
THANKYOU!
Micro societal issues in language
If you happen to like this powerpoint, you may contact me at flippedchannel@gmail.com
I offer some educational services like:
-powerpoint presentation maker
-grammarian
-content creator
-layout designer
Subscribe to our online platforms:
FlippED Channel (Youtube)
http://bit.ly/FlippEDChannel
LET in the NET (facebook)
http://bit.ly/LETndNET
What's hot (17)
Language and communication ( The chemistry between the two)
Language and communication ( The chemistry between the two)
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Oral Language : Nature and Characteristics
The document discusses key concepts about language including definitions, the nature and attributes of language, and strategies for effective oral language. It defines language as a system of symbols used to convey thought from one person to another. It also discusses that language is dynamic, words have multiple meanings, and meanings exist in people's minds rather than in words themselves. Language is influenced by culture and time. Effective oral language should be clear, direct, appropriate for the audience and occasion, and vivid through the use of imagery.
How Languages WorkAn Introduction to Language and LinguisticsSecond Ed.docx
How Languages Work An Introduction to Language and Linguistics
Second Edition
Edited by CAROL GENETTI
Carol Genetti4
1.1 Language 1.1.1 Language and You; Language and Us
Language is an essential and ubiquitous component of our lives. To see that this statement is true for yourself, take a moment to think about your day. Cast your mind back to when you first awoke. What were your thoughts and how were they expressed?
Trace the day in your mind and try to count how many people you spoke with, even if it was just a quick “hi†or “thank you.†Did you listen to a lecture? Watch television? Talk on the phone? Make an appointment? Sing a song? All of these activities centrally involve language. Now think about what you read today. Perhaps a newspaper, pages on the Internet, email, advertisements, labels, signs, home- work assignments? Now move on to thought itself. What thoughts and ideas have passed through your mind? Have you made explicit plans, imagined conversations, debated with yourself? If you are like most people, this brief exer- cise has revealed that language is both within and around you, a constant part of your internal and external existence. Language is the primary medium which you use to interact with people and institutions in our society. Your particular use of language is also a reflection of who you are as an individual; all of us use language as a means to build and portray our identities in the world around us. We also use language to shape and interpret the great and small experi- ences of our lives.
Think about the broader world in which we live. Language is the principal means by which societies are constructed and cultures are developed. Think of the size of our soci- ety’s great libraries, and how the majority of the volumes in those vast collections (14.6 million volumes in the Harvard University Library alone) are language in its written form. The intellectual achievements of humankind are essentially embodied in language. Not only is this true of the written works that formally encapsulate our knowledge, but it is also true of the huge body of indigenous knowledge held by the speakers of thousands of languages across the globe, from the Brazilian Amazon to the Mongolian steppes. Some may argue that music and art are non-linguistic, but note that they often incorporate lan- guage, as with lyrics. Even works that do not contain language are interpreted and under- stood through verbal thought, discussion, and critical analysis. Similarly, mathematics could be argued to be non-linguistic, but again language is used to teach, understand, and interpret it.
Beyond the modern world, consider that language has been used by humans for at least 30,000 years, by thousands of groups across the globe, wherever humans have ven- tured. Speakers of each generation endow their language with their own unique mark, their own contribution, changing it in myriad subtle ways. As language passes from
SIDEBAR 1.1 You can find definit.
Looking OutLooking InFourteenth Edition5LanguageC.docx
Looking Out/Looking In
Fourteenth Edition
5
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CHAPTER TOPICSLanguage Is SymbolicUnderstandings and MisunderstandingsThe Impact of LanguageGender and LanguageCulture and Language
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Language Is SymbolicThe Natural WorldSmoke means something is burningA fever means someone is illLanguage Is SymbolicConnection between words and the ideas or things they represent is arbitrary
*
LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understanding and MisunderstandingUnderstanding WordsSemantic rules“Bikes” are for riding and “books” are for readingEquivocationStatements that have more than one commonly accepted definition
*
LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understanding and MisunderstandingRelative LanguageWords that gain their meaning by comparisonStatic EvaluationStatements that contain or imply the word is lead to mistaken assumptions about people
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understandings and MisunderstandingsAbstractionIs vague in natureBehavioral language is specific to things people do or sayAbstraction LadderHighly abstract language can lead to blanket judgments
Figure 5.1
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understandings and MisunderstandingsSyntactic RulesGovern the grammar of languagePragmatic RulesGovern the way speech works in everyday interactionCommunication as a cooperative gameCoordination
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Understandings and MisunderstandingsPragmatic RulesSome rules shared by most people in a culturePeople in their own individual relationships create their own sets of rules
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguageNaming and IdentityNames are more than just a simple means of identificationThey shape the way others think of usThey shape the way we view ourselvesThey shape the way we act
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguageAffiliationSpeech can build and demonstrate solidarity with othersConvergenceThe process of adapting one’s speech style to match othersDivergenceSpeaking in a way that emphasizes one’s differences from others
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguagePowerless Language Hedges HesitationsIntensifiersPolite formsTag questionsDisclaimersRising inflections
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguagePowerless Language Powerful speech is culturally basedLanguage that is too powerful may intimidateIn some situations, polite forms of speech can enhance effectiveness
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguageDisruptive languageThree linguistic habits to avoidFact-Opinion ConfusionFact-Inference ConfusionEmotive Language
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
The Impact of LanguageLanguage of Responsibility“It” Statements“But” Statements“I” and “You” Language“We” Language
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LANGUAGE: BARRIER AND BRIDGE
Gender and LanguageContentFemale friends spent more time discussing:Relationship problems, family, healthMale friends spent more time discussing:Current events, music, sports, businessThese differences can lead to ...
The Importance Of Language And Culture
This document discusses the relationship between language and culture. It argues that language is central to culture, as culture is transmitted orally through language. Understanding another culture's subtle meanings requires knowledge of its language. Different languages reflect different ways of categorizing the world and processing information. As cultures see the world differently, their languages express different beliefs and values. Language influences thought processes and is integral to cultural identity.
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The document provides an overview of key concepts in linguistics including what language is, how it is distinct from animal communication, its special features, where it came from, and how to best view and study it. It discusses questions about language, Hockett's design features that make human language unique, different types of writing systems, differences between speech and writing, how languages use rules and paradigms to generate sentences, and the relationship between competence and performance.
Chapter 3
This document discusses various aspects of verbal communication and language. It covers topics like language communities, the nature of language, how language reflects and shapes perception, the different domains of language including syntax, pragmatics and semantics. It also discusses the cultural and gender influences on language usage and provides ways to improve clarity in language through specificity, concreteness and precision. Dating information and indexing generalizations are also covered as ways to communicate information more accurately.
03 verbal.pp tverbalmessages-souza
This document discusses the power of language and provides guidance on using language to establish supportive relationships. It explains that language is a system of symbols and grammar that convey meaning, and that meaning can differ across cultures and contexts. The document also addresses confronting bias in language, noting that words should avoid unqualified generalizations and reflect the designations preferred by ethnic and other groups. It suggests using inclusive language to avoid revealing bias related to gender, sexual orientation, age, class, ability, and provides tips for using words to build supportiveness rather than defensiveness.
Popular ideas about_language with questions
This document discusses several key concepts related to language, including:
1) The relationship between language and thought, with hypotheses that they are separated but dependent, identical, or have a middle relationship. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that language determines thought.
2) The functions of language include communication, social interaction, thinking, expression of identity, and recording information.
3) The concept of "the magic of language" and how languages use verbal taboos, euphemisms, and avoid certain names like those of deceased people.
4) The view that all languages are equal and function according to the psychological and social needs of their communities.
Andrews Ch. 8 - Dialect
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Sociolinguistic relativity refers to the set of conventions and rules unique to language use within a community. It examines the relationship between language and society. The theory suggests that language shapes our cognition and influences how we see the world. Different social and cultural backgrounds can lead to different value systems for speech and social behavior. Understanding sociolinguistic diversity and cultural relativity helps explain why differences in language use across cultures does not mean one culture is superior. Violations of sociolinguistic rules within a culture, such as not acknowledging compliments, can be seen as offensive.
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Concerning the aspect of verbal language, the presentation deals with explaining the relationship between language and culture linguistically.
Language and its meaning
The document discusses various aspects of language including:
- Language uses symbols, letters, or words with arbitrary meanings governed by rules to communicate. It has rules for semantics, syntax, and pragmatics.
- Language shapes culture and reality according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. It organizes reality by classification.
- Words have both denotative and connotative meanings and are abstract representations rather than the things themselves.
- Effective communication requires avoiding obstacles like grammatical errors, slang, profanity, or biased language while improving skills like descriptiveness, paraphrasing, and defining terms.
Language and Process of Thinking.pdf
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This document explores the relationship between language and thinking. It discusses how language shapes our perception of the world and how we process information. Specifically, it examines how the language we speak can determine or influence how we think. Additionally, the document notes that learning a second language may enhance creativity and cognitive abilities. Finally, it concludes that the connection between language and thinking is complex and an area that requires further research.Linguistics
Language is a system of symbols, including sounds and gestures, that allows humans to communicate and transmit culture. It has key features like arbitrariness, displacement, and duality of patterning. The study of language includes descriptive linguistics, which examines a language's structure, sounds, words, grammar and meaning, as well as historical and sociolinguistics, which consider a language's development over time and relationship to culture and society. Language reflects and influences culture in complex ways.
March 21 - Culture, Language & Communication PartOne.ppt
Language is shaped by culture and influences how people think. All languages have basic units of sound and meaning, but cultural rules govern language use. Culture affects language acquisition and use of pronouns, numbers, apologies and self-disclosure differently. High-context cultures rely more on implied meanings while low-context cultures are more direct. Bilinguals navigate two cultural systems and may experience interference between languages or shifts in affiliation.
Language and society
The document discusses the relationship between language and culture/society in 3 main points:
1) Language is intrinsically tied to culture and thinking - when we learn language, we learn the associated beliefs and perspectives of the culture.
2) The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that language influences thought and culture, though it does not fully explain their formation. Other researchers see language and culture evolving together through diffusion and assimilation.
3) Cross-cultural communication requires recognizing linguistic differences between cultures while also finding common ground, like in trade, to facilitate understanding between groups.
Lang. cur-ppt-copy
Language is the most powerful system of communication between humans. It is a system of symbols and rules that allows for meaningful communication between individuals and across cultures. For a system of communication to be considered a language, it must meet certain criteria, including having standardized rules, a community of speakers to give it vitality, a sense of identity and history for its speakers, autonomy, and characteristics of being systematic yet flexible. The building blocks of any language include phonemes, morphemes, and grammatical rules that specify how these elements are combined.
Sociolinguistics
This document provides an overview of sociolinguistics and key concepts in the field. It discusses how sociolinguistics goes beyond linguistic structure to understand the relationship between language and social structure. Some key points made include:
- Sociolinguistics aims to better understand how linguistic structure and language function in communication by studying language in relation to society.
- Factors like region can lead to variation in vocabulary between dialects of the same language.
- The boundaries between languages and dialects are not clear-cut, and concepts like size and mutual intelligibility are relative rather than absolute criteria.
- A standard language undergoes a process of selection, codification, elaboration and acceptance to become a national language.
1Slideshare.pptx
Language and culture are closely intertwined. A language carries the culture of the people who speak it and influences their worldview. As children learn their first language from parents and community, it transmits culture from one generation to the next. The relationship between language and culture is complex; they influence each other as they develop and cannot be fully separated. Speaking a new language means interacting with a new culture in ways of thinking and communication styles.
language and culture
Language and culture are closely intertwined. A language carries the culture of the people who speak it and influences their worldview. As children learn their first language from parents and community, it transmits culture from one generation to the next. The relationship between language and culture is complex; they influence each other as they develop and cannot be fully separated. Speaking a new language means interacting with a new culture in ways of thinking and communication styles.
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- 2. LANGUAGE What is language?
- 3. LANGUAGE A word is a symbol or a sign for something which forms a language. Words have multiple meanings. Denotative meaning is a basic and acceptable definition. Connotative meaning is the emotional or response that people have to it.
- 4. LANGUAGE Cognitive language is the language we use to describe people, things, or situations in our mind. This is related to our thoughts, attitudes, co- cultures, the society in which we live. This can influence language and how we form our message.
- 5. GRAMMAR The system of rules of a language that serves as a way to create words, phrases and sentences. Language is bound by relational, situational, and cultural context. To communicate well, you must understand the context as much as the grammar.
- 7. WHAT IS FOCACCE? We need the context...
- 8. FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE Communication Acquisition is learning how to use the words in a language, appropriately and effectively in context.
- 10. PROBLEMS WITH LANGUAGE AND MEANING
- 11. PROBLEMS Hayakawa’s abstraction ladder language can range from vague to specific high is very vague low is very specific
- 12. PROBLEMS evasion equivocation euphemisms slang jargon
- 13. PROBLEMS Semantics is the meaning of words. Pragmatics is the appropriate use of words. Use of labels can erase individual differences.
- 14. PROBLEMS Biased language is infused with subtle meanings that might affect our perceptions. PC-Politically Correct! facts, opinions, inferences “Just so you know, we’re on the good side with y’all. We do not want this war, this violence, and we’re ashamed that the President of the United States is from Texas.”
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- 17. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS Relationships High language Low language How comfortable are you?
- 18. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS Sapir-Whorf hypothesis says our words influence our thinking. If there is no word in that language for something, then the culture likely has few thoughts about that concept.
- 19. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS Linguistic determinism- language determines how we see the world around us. Linguistic relativity- speakers of different languages have different world views.
- 20. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS High-context cultures use the context to communicate in subtle ways. Low-context cultures use direct methods of communicating.
- 21. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS Gender Roles Geographic Area Dialects
- 22. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS Accommodation Code switching and Style switching changes your regular language and slang to fit into a particular group. You can also change your vocal tone, pitch, rhythm and inflection.
- 23. LANGUAGE BEHAVIORS In technology our language must be precise. English is the language of the internet. Chat rooms and texting also has it’s own language.
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