Blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. A blood transfusion involves infusing whole blood or blood components into a patient's veins. Nurses must carefully verify orders, obtain consent, check blood types, and monitor the patient during and after a transfusion for any adverse reactions like fever, allergic reactions, or a hemolytic transfusion reaction. Immediate actions are required if a reaction occurs to stop the transfusion and notify the physician and blood bank.
Blood transfusion - components , procedure , pre transfusion testing and comp...prasanna lakshmi sangineni
blod transfusion- introduction , procedure , pre transfusion tests , complications , characteristics of components and components usually used like packed red cells, FFP, platelet rich plasma, cryoprecipitate, albumin and other plasma derivatives
Blood, Blood transfusion and Blood products bijay19
This presentation give idea about blood, blood transfusion importance and things to note during transfusion...It shows various blood products, its indications and contraindications. the complication of blood transfusion
Blood transfusion -procedure,precaution and complicationPRANATI PATRA
medical and surgical,introduction,blood and blood products,GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR GIVING BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS,Nursing Implications -Before transfusion:
Check physician’s orders
Review hospital policy
Ensure informed and written consent is provided
Check laboratory values
Understand the indications and rationale
Verification procedure occurs with
two nurses
Before transfusion (con’t):
Compatibility of blood type and Rh factor
Inspect the blood product for discolouration, clots, leaking, or presence of bubbles
Check the unit number on the unit of blood and on the form
Check the expiration date and time on unit of blood
Ask client to state first and last name
Check patient’s identification number on wristband and record
Nursing Implications in a Reaction
Stop transfusion
Remove tubing that contains blood product
Infuse with 0.9% normal saline
Monitor vital signs
Notify physician
Notify blood bank and return blood component
Administer medication depending on type of reaction
Epinephrine, antihistamines, antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, corticosteroids
Blood transfusion - components , procedure , pre transfusion testing and comp...prasanna lakshmi sangineni
blod transfusion- introduction , procedure , pre transfusion tests , complications , characteristics of components and components usually used like packed red cells, FFP, platelet rich plasma, cryoprecipitate, albumin and other plasma derivatives
Blood, Blood transfusion and Blood products bijay19
This presentation give idea about blood, blood transfusion importance and things to note during transfusion...It shows various blood products, its indications and contraindications. the complication of blood transfusion
Blood transfusion -procedure,precaution and complicationPRANATI PATRA
medical and surgical,introduction,blood and blood products,GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR GIVING BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS,Nursing Implications -Before transfusion:
Check physician’s orders
Review hospital policy
Ensure informed and written consent is provided
Check laboratory values
Understand the indications and rationale
Verification procedure occurs with
two nurses
Before transfusion (con’t):
Compatibility of blood type and Rh factor
Inspect the blood product for discolouration, clots, leaking, or presence of bubbles
Check the unit number on the unit of blood and on the form
Check the expiration date and time on unit of blood
Ask client to state first and last name
Check patient’s identification number on wristband and record
Nursing Implications in a Reaction
Stop transfusion
Remove tubing that contains blood product
Infuse with 0.9% normal saline
Monitor vital signs
Notify physician
Notify blood bank and return blood component
Administer medication depending on type of reaction
Epinephrine, antihistamines, antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, corticosteroids
It contains indications of blood and blood products and perioperative blood therapy that we usually follow in Aiims Patna ..its is most recent one made in April 2020
blood transfusion is a life saving procedure. so role of nurse here while transfused the blood in the ward is important. in this slide role of nurse is given here. if you like kindly give your comment and share it to others. follow my account to know more.
It contains indications of blood and blood products and perioperative blood therapy that we usually follow in Aiims Patna ..its is most recent one made in April 2020
blood transfusion is a life saving procedure. so role of nurse here while transfused the blood in the ward is important. in this slide role of nurse is given here. if you like kindly give your comment and share it to others. follow my account to know more.
A blood glucose test measures the amount of a type of sugar, called glucose, in your blood. Glucose comes from carbohydrate, Protein and Lipid. It is the main source of energy used by the body. Insulin is a hormone that helps your body's cells use the glucose. Insulin is produced in the pancreas and released into the blood when the amount of glucose in the blood rises.
Blood Sugar (Glucose) Measurement, Monitoring and Data Analysis: A Review on ...Md Kafiul Islam
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http://curegoutpainnow.com - Acute gouty arthritis is a painful condition, often affecting the toes, but it can affect many other joints as well. If left alone it can get worse, turn into a chronic problem and even cause permanent damage
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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3. An adult human has about 4–6An adult human has about 4–6
liters of blood circulating in theliters of blood circulating in the
body. Among other things, bloodbody. Among other things, blood
transports oxygen to varioustransports oxygen to various
parts of the body.parts of the body.
Blood consists of several types ofBlood consists of several types of
cells floating around in a fluidcells floating around in a fluid
called plasma.called plasma.
4. The red blood cellsThe red blood cells contain hemoglobin, acontain hemoglobin, a
protein that binds oxygen. Red blood cellsprotein that binds oxygen. Red blood cells
transport oxygen to, and remove carbontransport oxygen to, and remove carbon
dioxide from, the body tissues.dioxide from, the body tissues.
The white blood cellsThe white blood cells fight infection.fight infection.
The plateletsThe platelets help the blood to clot .help the blood to clot .
The plasmaThe plasma contains salts and various kindscontains salts and various kinds
of proteins.of proteins.
6. AB blood are often called universal recipients
group O people are often called universal donors
7. The Rh factor is an inherited antigen in humanThe Rh factor is an inherited antigen in human
blood. Blood that contains the Rh factor isblood. Blood that contains the Rh factor is
known asknown as Rh positiveRh positive, when it is not present, when it is not present
the blood is said to bethe blood is said to be Rh – negativeRh – negative. Rh blood. Rh blood
does not naturally contain Rh antibodies. If Rh-does not naturally contain Rh antibodies. If Rh-
positive blood is injected into an Rh-negativepositive blood is injected into an Rh-negative
person, the recipient develops Rh antibodies.person, the recipient develops Rh antibodies.
Subsequent transfusion with Rh-positive bloodSubsequent transfusion with Rh-positive blood
may cause serious reactions with clumping andmay cause serious reactions with clumping and
hemolysis of red blood cells.hemolysis of red blood cells.
Rhesus (RH) Factor
8. Blood Transfusion
A blood transfusion is the infusion of
whole blood or its components into the
patient's venous circulation.
Blood components includes:
1.PRBC – Packed Red Blood Cell
2.Platelets
3.Fresh Frozen Plasma
4.Cryoprecipitate
9. Blood Transfusion
Procedures
- The nurse shall verify the physician's order in the patient's file.
The order should include:
Urgency of the transfusion, including date and time
Type of blood/blood products
Amount of blood to be transferred
The duration of the transfusion
Any special instructions (e.g. medication required
before or during the transfusion).
-Secure Informed consent for blood transfusion.
-Check for patient's blood type and collect sample for cross-
matching.
-Physician shall enter the ordered blood or blood products in the
computer.
10. Blood Transfusion
Procedures
- Blood transfusion request must be sent in the Blood Bank by
the responsible nurse. The blood or blood products is usually
ready;
Emergency request – 30 minutes
Routine request – 3 hours
-Start IV open by starting flow of Normal Saline solution.
18-20G size is recommended for adults.
22-24G or larger is recommended for pediatric patients
-Check the bag of the blood and compare it with Blood Bank
transfusion certificate with the following items:
Patient's name
File number
Serial number
Blood group and type
Expiry date
-Double check the blood against patient's data with the
physician with his signature on the Blood Transfusion
11. Blood Transfusion
Procedures
-Take baseline vital signs before beginning transfusion.
-Use warmer to warm blood not exceeding 41˚C
-Unused donor units must be returned to the Blood Bank within 30
minutes (not exposed to extreme heat)
-Identify the patient correctly (3 names, MRN,(medical record number)
-Then start the administration slowly (no more than 25-50ml for the
first 15 minutes). Stay with the patient for the first 15 minutes of
transfusion.
-Check vital signs at least every 15 minutes for the first half hour after
the start of the transfusion. Then every 30 minutes for the next hour
until stable.
- Observe patient for flushing, dyspnea, itching, hives, or rash, and back
pain.
12. A. Immediate reactionsA. Immediate reactions
– Febrile reactionFebrile reaction
– Allergic reactionsAllergic reactions
– Hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR)Hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR)
– Circulatory over loadCirculatory over load
– Air embolismAir embolism
– Potassium toxicityPotassium toxicity
– Citrate toxicityCitrate toxicity
– Reaction due to infected bloodReaction due to infected blood
Complication of Blood Transfusion
13. – ThrombophlebitisThrombophlebitis
– AIDS (HIV) Hepatitis (HBV, HCV)AIDS (HIV) Hepatitis (HBV, HCV)
Syphilis (Treponema pallidum / Spirochetes)Syphilis (Treponema pallidum / Spirochetes)
Malaria (M.P), C.M.V & otherMalaria (M.P), C.M.V & other
– Immunological sensitization or allImmunological sensitization or all
immunizationimmunization
– Transfusion haemosiderosisTransfusion haemosiderosis
– Post transfusion purpuraPost transfusion purpura
– HTRHTR
– Complication of massive transfusionComplication of massive transfusion
Delayed transfusion reactions
14. A.A. Incompatibility between donors and recipientIncompatibility between donors and recipient
99% caused of human error preventable by99% caused of human error preventable by
– Adequate knowledge of blood groupsAdequate knowledge of blood groups
– Careful attention to all details of theCareful attention to all details of the
techniquestechniques
– Blood group incompatibleBlood group incompatible
– Outdated and infected bloodOutdated and infected blood
– Haemolysed bloodHaemolysed blood
– Incorrect anticoagulantIncorrect anticoagulant
Hemolytic transfusion reactionHemolytic transfusion reaction
15. SymptomsSymptoms
– Severe aching in the transfused veinSevere aching in the transfused vein
– Pain in lumbar region & backPain in lumbar region & back
– DyspnoeaDyspnoea
– NauseaNausea
– VomitingVomiting
– Flushing of the faceFlushing of the face
– Chill & rigorsChill & rigors
– AnxietyAnxiety
– RestlessRestless
– Feeling of constriction of chestFeeling of constriction of chest
Hemolytic transfusion reactionHemolytic transfusion reaction
17. Under anesthesia and sedationUnder anesthesia and sedation
– SymptomlessSymptomless
– SignsSigns
Bleeding from wound / needle sitesBleeding from wound / needle sites
Persistent hypotensionPersistent hypotension
TachycardiaTachycardia
Hemolytic transfusion reactionHemolytic transfusion reaction
18. FOR ANY BLOOD TRANSFUSION
ADVERSE REACTION
Localized Urticaria:
a.Do not discontinue the transfusion but infuse at a slower rate
b.Notify the physician
Generalized Urticaria:
a.Stop the transfusion
b.Notify the physician
-Notify Blood Bank of suspected reaction
-Collect blood sample from the patient.
Adult-2-5 ml
Pediatric -1 to 3 ml
-Fill up Transfusion Reaction Form and send to Blood Bank
together with the collected blood sample, the remaining blood bag
and its tubing as soon as possible.
19. FOR ANY BLOOD TRANSFUSION
ADVERSE REACTION
-Fill up Transfusion Reaction Form and
send to Blood Bank together with the
collected blood sample, the remaining
blood bag and its tubing as soon as
possible.
-HERF(Health care event reporting form).All
hospital organizations have their own criteria.
-Obtain urine specimen as soon as
possible and send to lab for urinalysis.
