Blood transfusion involves receiving blood or blood products intravenously to replace lost components. Transfusions are used for various medical conditions and can involve whole blood, packed red cells, plasma, platelets, or other factors. Eligible donors are generally healthy individuals between 18-60 years old meeting criteria for weight, hemoglobin levels, pulse, and blood pressure. Donors are screened for diseases and blood is cross-matched for type and tested to help prevent complications like infections, reactions, or organ failure from massive transfusions.

3. • Blood transfusion is generally
the process of
receiving blood or blood
products into
one's circulation intravenously.
• Transfusions are used for
various medical conditions to
replace lost components of the
blood

5. Reference: Robert davidson, Thomas walker,maryland press, 21st edition, 2O10-Davidson’s
principle & practice of medicine, Pages 97-99, London
• Whole blood
• Packed red cell/ red cell component
• Fresh frozen plasma
• Cryoprecipitate
• Platelets
• Prothrombin complex concentrate
• Human albumin
• Human immunoglobulin
• Factor I
• Factor VIII

9. Eligibilities:-
• Any donor, who is healthy, fit and not suffering from
any transmittable diseases can donate blood.
• Age = 18 -60 years
• minimum weight = 50Kg
• Hemoglobin level = 12.5% minimum.
• Pulse rate = 50 - 100mm hg without any irregularities.
• BP Diastolic = 50 - 100 mm Hg
• BP Systolic = 100 - 180 mm Hg.
• Body temperature should be normal
• A donor can again donate blood after 3 months of last
donation of blood

10. Non-Eligibilities
•Donors suffering from Cardiac arrest,
hypertension, kidney alignments, epilepsy or
diabetics.
•Six months for ladies with a bad miscarriage.
•Three months for donor who have donated
blood or have been treated for malaria.
•One month for the donor who have undergone
any immunization .
•24 hours for Donor who consumed alcohol.
•Donor who is HIV+.
•24 hours for Donor who had a minor dental
work and one month for major dental work.

11. Tests for
safe blood
transfusion

12. REFERENCE: Robert davidson, Thomas walker, Maryland press, 21st edition, 2O10-Davidson’s
principle & practice of medicine, Pages 97-99, London
• Screening for HIV, hepatitis
B and C and syphilis.
• Cross matching
• ABO and RhD blood group
type matching.

13. Complications

14. Complication
Non-
immunological
Immunological
•Febrile / non haemolytic
•Allergic / Anaphylaxis
• Haemolytic TR
•TRALI
• Congestive Cardiac
Failure
• Infection
• Air Embolism
•Thrombophlebitis

15. Prevention of
complication
by massive
blood
transfusion

16. • Proper screening & cross matching
• Avoid hypothermia by using a blood
warmer and a slower rate of
transfusion, particularly in patients
with hepatic or renal failure.
• Coagulation status and platelet count
should be checked regularly.
REFERENCE: Leon shargel, Alan H. Mutnick, Alex publication, 7th edition, 2001-
comprehensive pharmacy review, pg367- 370, phildelphia

17. Reference
• Robert davidson, Thomas walker,maryland
press, 21st edition, 2O10-Davidson’s
principle & practice of medicine, Pages 97-
99, London
• Leon shargel, Alan H. Mutnick, Alex
publication, 7th edition, 2001-
comprehensive pharmacy review, pg367-
370, phildelphia