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Blood products
This document provides an overview of blood and its components, detailing its properties, functions, and the various blood products used in transfusions. It discusses types of blood products such as red cell concentrates, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate, along with their indications and storage requirements. Additionally, the document includes multiple-choice questions related to blood transfusion practices.
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Blood products
- 1. BLOOD & BLOOD PRODUCTS Dr. Murali . U. M.S; M.B.A Prof. of Surgery
- 2. Objectives • Properties • Functions • Blood Products
- 3. Blood • Bloodis considered as River of life, Fluid of life, growth & health • Average human has 5 litres of blood i.e, 8% of total body weight • It is a transporting fluid • It carries vital substances to all parts of the body
- 4. Properties Of Blood • Colour range • - Oxygen-rich blood is scarlet red bright crimson • - Oxygen-poor blood is purple red. • Red colour comes from the several million red cells, present in it • pH must remain between 7.35–7.45 • Temp 38˚ c or 100.4˚ F
- 5. Properties Of Blood • Blood is 5 times more viscous than water. • Blood is a specialized type of connective tissue in which living blood cells, (formed elements), are suspended in a non living fluid matrix called plasma. • Cellular Part (Formed Elements) • Non cellular part (Plasma)
- 6. blood and bloodtransfusions 6
- 7. Functions Of Blood Blood performs a number of functions • Distribution • Regulation • Protection
- 8. Distribution Functions Nutritive Respiratory Excretory Transport Regulation Functions Maintanence Buffering Protection Functions Preventing blood loss Defensive function 8
- 9. blood and bloodtransfusions 9
- 10. Blood Products •Components of the blood which are collected from a donor for use in blood transfusion.
- 11. Blood Products RedCell Concentrates Platelet Concentrates Granulocyte Concentrate Fresh Frozen plasma Cryoprecipitate Cryo poor plasma Stored plasma Albumin Immunoglobulin Coagulation Factors Cellular Components Plasma Components Plasma Derivatives Blood Whole Blood Fresh Whole Blood
- 12. Whole Blood BLOODCOMPONENTS Slow Centrifugation Packed Red Blood Cells Platelet Rich Plasma High Speed Centrifugation 1 Unit of Random Donor Platelets 1 Unit of Fresh Frozen Plasma Thawing precipitates the plasma proteins Cryoprecipitate
- 13. Whole Blood •Whole blood = Donor blood + Anticoagulant • 1 Unit - 450ml • Anticoagulant (CPDS) • Rich - coagulation factors • Hct - 45% • Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c • Shelf life - 35 days
- 14. Whole Blood Indications • Acute blood loss with hypovolaemia • Exchange transfusion - severe anaemia at birth - severe hyperbilirubinaemia • Massive transfusion • Cardiovascular bypass surgery
- 15. Fresh Whole Blood Packed Red Cells Light spin, 22oC(within 8 hrs) Platelet Rich Plasma Heavy spin,22oC Platelet Concentrate Fresh Plasma Store at 22oC Freeze(FFP)
- 16. Red Cell Concentrate • Also called Packed Red Cells • Platelets and plasma are removed • I Unit - 330ml • Hct – 65 - 75% • Shelf life - 35 days • Stored at 2 - 4 ˚c
- 17. Red Cell Concentrate Indications • Anaemia • Thalassemia • Sickle cell disease
- 18. Fresh Frozen Plasma • Removed – Fresh blood & Rapidly Frozen • 1 Unit – 200 - 250ml • Contains all coagulant factors • Stored at - 40 to - 50˚c • Shelf life – 2 years
- 19. Fresh Frozen Plasma Indications • Single clotting factor deficiency • Multiple clotting factors deficiencies- DIC • Massive transfusions • Warfarin overdose • Haemorrhagic disease of neonates • TTP
- 20. Fresh Frozen Plasma Thaw at 4oC & heavy spin Cryoprecipitate -Refrozen within 1 hr -Store at < - 18oC Cryoremoved Plasma Freeze -80oC immediately Stored at < -18oC
- 21. Cryoprecipitate • Freshfrozen plasma thawed at 4°C • Rich in – F – VIII & Fibrinogen • I unit = 15 - 20ml • Stored at -30°C • Shelf life – 2 years
- 22. Cryoprecipitate Indications •Hemophilia A • Von Willebrand’s disease • FXIII or fibrinogen deficiency
- 23. Platelets Concentrate •Platelet rich plasma – Cent. • Stored at – 20 to 24 ˚c • Shelf life – 5 days • I unit = 15 - 20ml • Uses = Thrombocytopenia Drug induced Hge
- 24. Prothrombin Complex Concentrate(PCC) • Derived from pooled plasma • Contains – F – II / IX / & X • Emergency reversal of warfarin therapy
- 25. Autologous Blood •Collection / infusion of client’s own blood • Can be collected weekly as long as client’s H & H are within safe range • Upto 3 weeks before surgery • Hct - 45% • Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c • Shelf life - 35 days
- 28. 1. Shelf lifeof Packed Red cells - ? • A 5 days • B 5 weeks • C 5 months • • D 5 years
- 29. 2. Which ofthe following can be used in Inherited defeciency of Factor VIII / Factor XIII ? • A Fresh frozen plasma • • B Platelet concentrate • C Cryoprecipitate • D Packed cells
- 30. 3. All ofthe following are plasma derivatives except - • A Albumin • B Immunoglobin • C Coagulation factors • D Stored plasma
- 31. 4. In Autologousblood transfusion, the blood can be withdrawn upto - weeks before surgery ? • A 2 weeks • • B 3 weeks • C 4 weeks • D 5 weeks
- 32. 5. Patients onAspirin who are actively bleeding & undergoing major surgery may require - ? • A Prothrombin concentrate • B Packed red cells • C Plasma – Fresh • D Platelet concentrate
- 33. T H A N X THANX