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1. BLOOD & BLOOD
PRODUCTS

2. Objectives
1. Properties
2. Functions
3. Blood Products

3. Blood
• Blood is considered as River of life,
Fluid of life, growth & health
• Average human has 5 litres of blood
i.e, 8% of total body weight
• It is a transporting fluid
• It carries vital substances to all parts
of the body

4. Properties Of Blood
• Colour range
• Oxygen-rich blood is scarlet
red bright crimson
• Oxygen-poor blood is purple
red.
• Red colour comes from the
several million red cells,
present in it
• pH must remain between
7.35–7.45
• Temp 38˚ c or 100.4˚ F

5. Properties Of Blood
• Blood is 5 times more viscous
than water.
• Blood is a specialized type of
connective tissue in which
living blood cells, (formed
elements), are suspended in a
non living fluid matrix called
plasma.
• Cellular Part (Formed
Elements)
• Non cellular part (Plasma)

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7. Functions Of Blood
Blood performs a number of
functions
• Distribution
• Regulation
• Protection

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9. Blood Products
Components of the blood which
are collected from a donor for
use in blood transfusion.

10. Blood Products
– Red Cell Concentrates
– Platelet Concentrates
– Granulocyte Concentrate
– Fresh Frozen plasma
– Cryoprecipitate
– Cryo poor plasma
– Stored plasma
– Albumin
– Immunoglobulin
– Coagulation Factors
Plasma Derivatives
Plasma Components
Cellular Components
Blood
Whole Blood
Fresh Whole Blood

11. Whole Blood
Packed Red Blood Cells Platelet Rich Plasma
Slow Centrifugation
High Speed Centrifugation
1 Unit of Random Donor
Platelets
1 Unit of Fresh Frozen Plasma
Cryoprecipitate
Thawing precipitates the
plasma proteins
BLOOD COMPONENTS

12. Whole Blood
• Whole blood = Donor blood +
Anticoagulant
• 1 Unit - 450ml
• Anticoagulant (Citrate Phosphate
Dextrose)
• Rich - coagulation factors
• Hct - 45%
• Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c
• Shelf life - 35 days

13. Whole Blood
• Acute blood loss with
hypovolaemia
• Exchange transfusion
- severe anaemia at birth
- severe hyperbilirubinaemia
• Massive transfusion
• Cardiovascular bypass surgery
Indications

14. Fresh Whole Blood
Packed Red Cells
Light spin, 22o
C(within 8 hrs)
Platelet Rich Plasma
Platelet Concentrate Fresh Plasma
Store at 22o
C Freeze(FFP)
Heavy spin,22o
C

15. Red Cell Concentrate
• Also called Packed Red Cells
• Platelets and plasma are removed
• I Unit - 330ml
• Hct – 65 - 75%
• Shelf life - 35 days
• Stored at 2 - 4 ˚c

16. Red Cell Concentrate
• Anaemia
• Thalassemia
• Sickle cell disease
Indications

17. Fresh Frozen Plasma
• Removed – Fresh blood & Rapidly
Frozen
• 1 Unit – 200 - 250ml
• Contains all coagulant factors
• Stored at - 40 to - 50˚c
• Shelf life – 2 years

18. Fresh Frozen Plasma
• Single clotting factor deficiency
• Multiple clotting factors
deficiencies-DIC
• Massive transfusions
• Warfarin overdose
• Haemorrhagic disease of neonates
• TTP
Indications

19. Thaw at 4o
C & heavy spin
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Cryoprecipitate
-Refrozen within 1 hr
-Store at < - 18
o
C
Cryoremoved Plasma
Freeze -80o
C immediately
Stored at < -18o
C

20. Cryoprecipitate
• Fresh frozen plasma thawed at
4°C
• Rich in – F – VIII & Fibrinogen
• I unit = 15 - 20ml
• Stored at -30°C
• Shelf life – 2 years

21. Cryoprecipitate
• Hemophilia A
• Von Willebrand’s disease
• FXIII or fibrinogen deficiency
Indications

22. Platelets Concentrate
• Platelet rich plasma – Cent.
• Stored at – 20 to 24 ˚c
• Shelf life – 5 days
• I unit = 15 - 20ml
Uses
• Thrombocytopenia
• Drug induced Human
granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE)

23. Prothrombin Complex
Concentrate (PCC)
• Derived from pooled plasma
• Contains – F – II / IX / & X
• Emergency reversal of warfarin therapy

24. Autologous Blood
• Collection / infusion of client’s own blood
• Can be collected weekly as long as client’s
H & H are within safe range
• Upto 3 weeks before surgery
• Hct - 45%
• Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c
• Shelf life - 35 days

26. Function of blood
1. Nutritive function
2. Respiratory function
3. Excretory function
4. Transport of hosmones and enzyme
5. Regulation of water balance
6. Regulation of acid base balance
7. Regulation of body temperature
8. Storage function
9. Defensive function

27. 1. Nutritive Function- Nutritive substances like
glucose, amino acids, lipids and vitamins derived
from digested foods are absorbed from
gastrointestinal tract and carried by blood to
different parts of the body for growth and
production of energy.
2. Respiratory Function- transport of respiratory
gases is done by blood. It carries oxygen from
alvioli of the lungs to different tissues and carbon
di oxide from tissues to lungs.
3. Excretory Function- Waste products formed in the
tissues during various metabolic activities are
removed by blood and carried to the excretory
organs like kidney, skin, liver etc. for excretion.
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