Bleeding disorders are conditions that lead to excessive bleeding, classified into vessel disorders, platelet disorders, and coagulation cascade issues. Hemophilia A and B, caused by deficiencies in clotting factors, are hereditary and vary in severity based on factor levels, while von Willebrand disease is a hereditary abnormality resulting in mucous membrane bleeding. General management includes factor replacement therapy tailored to the severity of bleeding.

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BLEEDING
DISORDERS

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What is it?
•BLEEDING DISORDER is an
acquired or inherited
tendency to bleed
excessively.

4. CLASSIFICATION
VESSEL
DISORDER
PLATELETS
DISORDER
COAGULATION
CASCADE

5. VESSEL DISORDER
 Vitamin C Deficiency
 Bacterial Infection
 Viral Infection
 Acquired
 Easy Bruising
 Steroids

6. PLATELETS DISORDER
 Thrombocytopenia
 Chemotherapy
 Aplastic Anaemia
 Viral Infection
 Thrombocytopathy
 Kidney Failure

7. COAGULATION CASCADE
Hereditary:
•Hemophilia A&B
•Von Willebrand's
Acquired :
•Liver Disease
•Drug- Heparin
•Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

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COAGULATION FACTOR
DEFICIENCY
Hemophilia A is due to a
deficiency of factor 8
Hemophilia B is due to
deficiency of clotting factor 9
Inherited x-linked disorder

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The clinical severity depends on the level of
factor 8 = severity of condition
•Mild = > 5%
•Moderate = 1- 5%
•Severe = < 1%

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LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
COAGULATION TESTING
Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
Normal prothrombin time
Normal bleeding time
Reduced level of factor 8

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General Management
Factor replacement Administration of
factor 8
concentrated by
intravenous
infusion.
•Minor bleeding:
factor 8:C level
should be raised to
20 – 30 %
•Severe bleeding:
factor 8:C level
should raised to at
least 50%

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VON WILLBRANDS DISEASE
Hereditary coagulation abnormality caused
by either;
Reduced level of vwf
Abnormality in vwf
Due to point mutation or major deletion

14. CLINICAL FEATURES
 typically there is mucous membrane bleeding
 the severity of symptoms variable with types
type 1,2 usually mild symptoms
type 3 severe symptoms
LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
 the bleeding time is prolonged
 apt is prolonged
 factor 8 and vwf is low
 platelet count is normal

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