2. Recombinant DNA Technology
Science uses various techniques to treat disease and improveds their
environment. Out of which some techniques are used as Gene Cloning
and RDT.
Previously this technique is used in the production of human insulin.
Eg. Yeast cells- Hepatitis B vaccine,
Plants such as Bt-cotton (insect resistant)
Paul Berg, Herbert Boyer, Annie Chang and Stanely Cohen in 1973.
This technology proved its importance in the production of vaccines
and protein therapies such as- human insulin, interferon and human
growth hormone.
It is also used to produce clotting factor for treating haemophilia and in
the development of gene therapy.
Its importance and Application
Large amount of rDNA
Large amount of protein expressed by the insert.
It is useful in pharma industry, medicine.
It is helpful in diagnose4 genetic disease such as sickle cell, anemia.
It is also helpful in developing vaccines.
Dig.
3.
4. Tools of rDNA Technology
Restriction enzymes: These are also known as molecular scissors.
These exist in many bacteria function as defence mechanism called
rerstriction modification system.
There are three types of restriction enzyme
Type I. II. III
Out of which only Type II restriction enzyme is used in rDNA
technology.
It recognize and cut DNA with in a specific sequence typically consisting
of 4-8 bp.
Sequence referred to restriction site is generally Palindromic means,
both strands are same.
NOMENCLATURE OF RESTRICTION ENZYME
ECORI
Where ,
E – genus CO- species
R- strain (RY13) I- Isolated for the first time
It is first discovered by- W.Arber, H.Smith and D. Nathans in 1978,
awarded by Nobel prize.
5. Reference other enzymes from NCERT Book (Table- Types; Microbial
source;Recognition sequence.)
