Biologia Molecular Sara Correa P.
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Biologia molecular sara correa perez
Food poisoning is a serious public health issue caused by virulent strains of bacteria like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria can easily spread through food contamination during handling and preparation if proper sanitation and safety practices are not followed. Medical research aims to correctly eliminate virulent organisms through improved handling techniques and accessible safety equipment in places like butcher shops and supermarkets to help prevent disease outbreaks.
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Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that is resistant to many antibiotics and causes difficult-to-treat infections. MRSA was first identified in the 1960s after methicillin was introduced. It has since spread worldwide and is a major public health concern. MRSA infections present with symptoms like skin abscesses or boils and can become life-threatening. Diagnosis involves culturing samples from infected sites and testing bacterial growth with antibiotics. Treatment options are limited since MRSA is resistant to many drugs.
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Biologia molecular sara correa perez
Food poisoning is a serious public health issue caused by virulent strains of bacteria like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria can easily spread through food contamination during handling and preparation if proper sanitation and safety practices are not followed. Medical research aims to correctly eliminate virulent organisms through improved handling techniques and accessible safety equipment in places like butcher shops and supermarkets to help prevent disease outbreaks.
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This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in organic and confinement swine operations in Iowa and Illinois. The study found an 11% overall prevalence of MRSA in swine, with a 24% prevalence in confinement operations. Among humans, the prevalence of MRSA was 31.4% overall and 44.3% among those working in confinement operations. Confinement facilities were found to act as amplifiers and reservoirs of MRSA, with the potential to spread MRSA to the larger community. Future research is needed to further study MRSA prevalence in rural areas and its relationship to antibiotic use.
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Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Investigation of a poultry reservoir
This document is a dissertation proposal investigating antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in poultry. The study aims to characterize the ecology and epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus in poultry farms and processing facilities. The proposal outlines collecting samples from poultry, workers, and environments to establish prevalence and risk factors. Molecular typing and antibiotic resistance testing will characterize strains. The results could provide recommendations to prevent the spread of S. aureus in poultry production.
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This document discusses dual use research and some potential threats to humanity. It defines dual use research as biological research with a legitimate scientific purpose that could potentially be misused to threaten public health or national security. It examines several case studies where research had both benefits but also risks if misused, such as enhancing pathogens or understanding how to defeat immune systems. It discusses sequencing pathogens like anthrax and the risks if that information fell into the wrong hands. Overall, it recommends that researchers carefully weigh the risks and benefits of their work and consider potential dual use implications.
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Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that is resistant to many antibiotics and causes difficult-to-treat infections. MRSA was first identified in the 1960s after methicillin was introduced. It has since spread worldwide and is a major public health concern. MRSA infections present with symptoms like skin abscesses or boils and can become life-threatening. Diagnosis involves culturing samples from infected sites and testing bacterial growth with antibiotics. Treatment options are limited since MRSA is resistant to many drugs.
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Microbiology is the study of microorganisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye and require microscopes. Microorganisms play important roles in disease, commercial applications like producing chemicals and enzymes, and food production including fermentation. Studying microbes can provide insights into cellular structure and function in multicellular organisms. There are various types of microbes including bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, and parasitic worms. Nomenclature systems are used to classify and name microorganisms.
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Thesis Introduction
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common skin bacteria that can cause infections when entering the bloodstream. It often forms biofilms, which make infections difficult to treat and allow bacteria to become antibiotic resistant. The study aims to analyze differences in antibiotic susceptibility between antibiotic resistant and non-resistant S. epidermidis strains that do not produce biofilms. By comparing their expressed proteins, the study seeks to better understand antibiotic resistance in S. epidermidis to provide insight into device-related infections.
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Our music video uses several conventions of Kate Nash's music videos. We used close-up shots focusing on hands, vintage costumes and props, bright color palettes, stop-motion editing to create movement, cuts between shots that match the rhythm of the music, and performances with the actress singing directly to the camera as if telling a story to the audience. These conventions help connect our video to Kate Nash's work and professional music videos while telling a relatable story through performance.
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Cell phone is the electronic device carried by us everywhere whether in laboratories, hospitals, during lunch or dinner, public places even in the bathrooms which is highly contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms.
Through the sharing of cell phones from person to person, association of disease causing microorganisms takes place.
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Topics Include:
Prevalence & Incidence
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STUDIES ON THE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE USING URINARY TRACT ISOLATES OF E.COLI.
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This study investigated antibiotic resistance in urinary tract E. coli isolates from hospitalized patients in India. Urine samples were collected from 73 patients with urinary tract infections and E. coli was isolated from 35 samples (48%). The E. coli isolates showed high resistance to novobiocin, vancomycin, and co-trimaxazole. 80% of isolates were biofilm producers, with over 50% producing strong biofilms. 51% of isolates were beta-lactamase producers. The results indicate that biofilm-producing E. coli strains with beta-lactamase activity exhibited the highest antibiotic resistance.Bacterial contamination of computer keyboards and mice in a university setting
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This is a work that is like a rehearsal or practice in the formation of proposals of science in the RISE program which I participate.
Staphylococcus aureus
This document discusses antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus, specifically methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). MRSA infections are now responsible for more deaths per year in the US than HIV and add billions to healthcare costs worldwide. MRSA strains have developed diverse genetic elements that confer resistance to multiple antimicrobials like methicillin, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Certain MRSA strains are also resistant to additional drugs including fluoroquinolones. Effective antimicrobial therapy is threatened as S. aureus continues developing resistance.
Thesis Introduction
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common skin bacteria that can cause infections when entering the bloodstream. It often forms biofilms, which make infections difficult to treat and allow bacteria to become antibiotic resistant. The study aims to analyze differences in antibiotic susceptibility between antibiotic resistant and non-resistant S. epidermidis strains that do not produce biofilms. By comparing their expressed proteins, the study seeks to better understand antibiotic resistance in S. epidermidis to provide insight into device-related infections.
Phages for food safety
Bacteriophages are viruses that selectively target and kill specific strains of bacteria without harming other microflora. They work by binding to receptors on the bacterial cell and injecting their genes, causing the host cell to burst and multiply the phages. Phages offer advantages for food safety applications by eliminating pathogens from foods topically or through packaging without impacting taste or quality. While phages only target specific bacteria, limitations can be overcome by using multiple phage strains or combining with antibiotics. Proper coordination is needed as disinfectants may inactivate phages during food processing. Overall, phage biocontrol is an effective natural method to control foodborne pathogens without harming normal microflora or changing food properties
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This document is the preface to the book "Salmonella: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition". It summarizes advances in Salmonella research since the first edition, including new methods for detecting and treating Salmonella infections, overcoming antibiotic resistance, vaccine development using nanotechnology, and using genetically modified Salmonella as delivery vectors for cancer therapies. The second edition features new chapters covering molecular detection and identification of Salmonella, quantitative proteomics to identify host factors in Salmonella infection, determining antibiotic resistance, and various microscopy and modeling methods. The preface expresses gratitude to the contributors for sharing their expertise and to the publisher.
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of methicillin resistant st...
This document summarizes a study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from healthy individuals in rural Nigerian communities. Samples were collected from 84 individuals and MRSA was isolated from 51 (60.7%) of the samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing found high resistance to ampicillin (100%) and amoxicillin (64.7%), and lower resistance to ofloxacin (7.8%), which was identified as the best treatment option for MRSA infections in the area. Overall, the study found a high prevalence of MRSA colonization in these communities and increasing resistance of the isolates to multiple antibiotics.
Use of Biotechnology in beef cattle production for improving cattle health an...
Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms,or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific
use.
Disinfecting Mobile Devices for use in Healthcare Settings
The use of mobile technology is expected to have a profound impact on how care is delivered, the quality of patient experience and the cost of healthcare in general. Therefore, the quantity of mobile devices being used in healthcare environments is expanding significantly every year. Use of smartphones and tablets in the healthcare settings is rapidly expanding and contributing to improved healthcare and reduced costs around the globe. But this introduction of new technology into clinically sensitive areas creates the risk of passing along bacterial contamination throughout a hospital.
The present study was aimed to design a simple model to test efficacy of germicidal Ultraviolet light (UV-C) used inside ChargeMax as a charging cabinet designed for smartphones and tablets and made by Cetrix Technologies.
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Evaluation question 3
The document summarizes feedback received from audiences on a student-made music video.
The students learned:
- The video was generally well-received by Kate Nash fans as capturing her style.
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The document discusses several applications of genomics and bioinformatics across various fields such as medicine, agriculture, microbiology, and more. It describes how genomic studies of humans and model organisms are providing insights into disease mechanisms and treatments. Applications in agriculture include developing crops with improved traits like insect or drought resistance. Microbial genomics is explored for uses like bioremediation, alternative energy, and industrial applications. Bioinformatics tools aid research through literature retrieval and comparative genomics studies.
Doctors Data Inc A Revolution in the Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Microflora
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Biotechnology is the use of living organisms to develop products. It has been used for thousands of years in processes like brewing and baking. Modern biotechnology uses techniques like genetic engineering and cell culture. The term was coined in 1919. Biotechnology is divided into types including microbial, agricultural, animal, forensic, bioremediation, aquatic, and medical biotechnology. Medical biotechnology researches and produces pharmaceuticals and diagnostics to treat and prevent disease.
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Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of life-threatening bacterial infections, causing over 400,000 hospital patient infections per year and 100,000 deaths from complications. It is a gram-positive, non-motile bacterium that grows in clusters resembling grapes. This study compares the growth rate of S. aureus on soft and hard cheeses stored at different temperatures and times to assess the effect on bacterial growth. Methods describe culturing S. aureus on nutrient and selective agars to detect and isolate the bacteria from cheese samples stored at 20°C. Results show higher initial contamination on hard cheese compared to soft cheese and that storage conditions impact bacterial growth levels in cheese.
Clinical distribution of biofilm forming staphylococcus aureus and its sensit...
Clinical distribution of biofilm forming staphylococcus aureus and its sensit...SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most versatile nosocomial (i.e.
acquired in hospital) and dangerous human pathogen. In spite of the
introduction of antimicrobial agents and improvements in the
frequency and morbidity of staphylococcal diseases in the twentieth
century, staphylococci have persisted as an important hospital and
community pathogen. Thereafter, methicillin-resistant S. aureus
emerged as a major pathogen worldwide. A total of 38 positive clinical
isolates from various clinical samples received from different hospitals
of Dehradun included from March 2014 to August 2014. 38 samples
had bacterial growth, among these isolates 17(44.7%) were
Staphylococcus aureus. The present study was designed to investigate
antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the role of biofilm in isolates of various clinical
samples (Urine, Blood, Semen and Pus), by examining the ability of isolates to form biofilm
and produce signaling molecules and by developing a wound model, to relate laboratory
findings with in vivo activity by exploring the possibility of detecting biofilm markers in
dressings removed from chronic infections. The presence of biofilm was confirmed by
specialized microscopy techniques or by detecting biofilm markers. Various antibiotics had a
greater effect on viability when used at higher antibiotic concentrations (≥100 mg/L) and on
younger (6h) biofilms. The antibiotics used for antibiotic susceptibility testing were
Ofloxacin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, and Ciprofloxacin.Advanced Laboratory Techniques in Poultry Disease Diagnosis
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1) Cultural methods are necessary for the detection and enumeration of bacteria in foods, as current genomic methods cannot achieve the high sensitivity required to detect potential pathogens at low levels. Cultural enrichment is required to amplify bacteria to detectable concentrations.
2) Only cultural methods can determine bacterial viability. Genomic analysis cannot distinguish between viable and non-viable cells as it only detects the presence of biomolecules.
3) While genomic analysis excels at bacterial identification and subtyping, it is less reliable for predicting phenotypic characteristics. Cultural methods are still needed to validate phenotype predictions from genomic data.
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Recent advances in microbiology
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poultry ab mo.pdf
The document discusses antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic residues found in chicken meat and eggs sold in Kenya. Some key points:
- 87.5% of meat and 100% of egg samples showed presence of antibiotic residues when tested against various bacteria.
- Bacterial counts were higher in meat samples from Kiwanja market compared to Kenyatta University, with mean counts of 190.25 x 102 CFU and 104.96 x 102 CFU respectively.
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American Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Mobile phone has been source of microorganisms that cause diseases of public health concerns. In a study, one-fi fth of cellular phones examined were found to harbor pathogenic bacteria indicating that these devices may serve as vehicles of transmission. Swab samples were collected aseptically from the phones of different handlers like motor bike riders, food vendors, meat sellers and nursing mothers. Bacteria isolation and identifi cation were carried out using pour plating technique with distinctive morphological and biochemical characteristics.The pathogenicity of the bacterial isolates was investigated through oral inoculation into albino rats. Eighty-eight (88) bacteria were isolated and selected based on their resistance to antibiotics for pathological study. Loss in weight was observed in some albino rat. Along with reduction in the packed cell volume, hemoglobin but raised white blood cell. Animal inoculated with Bacillus cereus showed meningitis like symptom after the first week of inoculation. Also, there were short and stunted villi; low crystal depth with necrotic
debris in the lumen. It has been observed that cell phones may harbor pathogenic bacteria and can subsequently plays role as fomite in the disease transmission. Therefore, the need to educate community phone handlers in the rural area becomes imperative.
Bioinformatics and its Applications in Agriculture/Sericulture and in other F...
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, 2001) defines bioinformatics as the field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. Fredj Tekaia defines Bioinformatics the mathematical, statistical and computing methods that aim to solve biological problems using DNA and amino acid sequences and related information. Bioinformatics has emerged as an essential field of science that is facilitating biological discoveries since more than a decade. Without the usage of bioinformatics tools it is merely impossible to capture, manage process, analyse and interpret the huge amounts data that is available especially after whole genome sequencing projects. The sequencing of the genomes of plants and animals will have enormous benefits for the agricultural community. Bioinformatics tools can be used to search for the genes within these genomes and to elucidate their functions. This specific genetic knowledge could then be used to produce stronger, drought, disease and insect resistant crops and improve the quality. In agriculture it helps in the insect resistance, improve nutritional quality, rational plant improvement, waste cleanup, climate change studies, and development of drought resistance varieties (Dahiya and Lata, 2017) and in addition to this it also plays an important roles in biotechnology, antibiotic resistance, and forensic analysis of microbes, comparative studies, evolutionary studies and veterinary Sciences.
Seri bioinformatics tools and techniques not only facilitated detection of proteomic and genomic diversity among the species/strains, but also resulted in finding a gap in the silkworm genome sequence of a strain that diverged during the course of domestication. Seri-bioinformatics databases are a valuable seri-bioresource. The available online resources on silkworm and its related organisms, including databases as well as informative websites help to make silkworms healthier, more disease resistant and more productive. These databases provides information on gene, protein sequences and diseases and play crucial roles in conservation of the silkworm species and mulberry plants (Singh et al., 216). Bioinformatics approaches give an insight, uncovering the lineage with gene and protein count of B. mori and Drosophila encompass ~18,000 and ~16,000 (Genes) and ~9,000 and ~22,000 (Proteins) respectively (Somshekar and Borgowda, 2013).
Application of Bioinformatics in different fields of sciences
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Biologia Molecular Sara Correa P.
- 4. Food poisoning is a serious public-health issue, especially with the emergence of lethal and highly virulent strains of Escherichia Coli . The Staphylococcus aureus has been considered one of the few ubiquitous bacteria, their presence may be up in the skin of animals and people, in addition to their nostrils and throats. Also has great ease with which food comes to the spread possible contamination. Correct eradication of virulent organisms is the subject of medical science, for this is necessary the implementation of easy handling and equipment availability.
- 8. Micrografía electrónica a baja temperatura de un grupo de bacterias E. coli, magnificada 10,000 veces. Tomado de: http://www.losarchivosdelatierra.com/ ciencia/tag/e-coli
- 12. Tomado de: http://actitudnews.wordpress.com/ 2010/ 06/23/piel-artificial-avance-en-la-medicina/
- 13. Tomado de: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/ NEJM199808203390806
- 16. Can be of great benefice using these low –voltage techniques of the meat to provide food less committed to the emergence of diseases, especially in establishments such as butchers and supermarkets. Tomado de : http://www.mis-recetas.org/trucosmostrar/ 1309-consejos- para-identificar-la-carne-de-vacuno
- 17. This prototype mass spectrometry-based technique would be cost-effective from the ease of collecting samples with Stafilococcus Aureus, obtaining the necessary equipment at low cost and good availability of mass spectrometers allowing flexibility in obtaining the results in the identification of the bacteria. Tomado de: http://www.emc.maricopa.edu /facultyfarabee-/biobk/ biobookdiversity_ 1.html
- 18. The study of bacteria is of great importance in industry and medicine, thus allowing significant progress in research, the study of these microorganisms have been useful particularly in helping cellular physiology and genetic manipulation in the identification of these by their characteristics specific. Tomado de: http://investigacion- documental.wikispaces.com/Investigacion+Documental