A presentation on non-conventional energy resources i.e. biomass. The energy obtained from biomass can be used to produce biogas which in turn can be used to produce electricity
A presentation on non-conventional energy resources i.e. biomass. The energy obtained from biomass can be used to produce biogas which in turn can be used to produce electricity
Biomass Energy Resourses; Mechanism of green plant
photosynthesis, effiency of conversion, solar energy plantation,
Biogas- Types of Biogas plants, factors affecting production
rates, Pyrolysis, Gasifess Types & Classification of vegetable
oils a a liquid fuel and their properties, esterification process,
formation of Biodiesel, Biodiesel & its properties, suitable species
for Biodiesel formation and its cultivation, byproduct formation
during esterification, Biodiesel economics.
Biomass Energy Resourses; Mechanism of green plant
photosynthesis, effiency of conversion, solar energy plantation,
Biogas- Types of Biogas plants, factors affecting production
rates, Pyrolysis, Gasifess Types & Classification of vegetable
oils a a liquid fuel and their properties, esterification process,
formation of Biodiesel, Biodiesel & its properties, suitable species
for Biodiesel formation and its cultivation, byproduct formation
during esterification, Biodiesel economics.
The Biogas Revolution Powering Homes with Sustainable Energy.pptxKingYuvraj1
A biogas plant is a facility that utilizes organic waste materials, such as agricultural residues, food scraps, animal manure, and sewage, to produce biogas through a process called anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion involves the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, resulting in the production of methane-rich biogas and a nutrient-rich slurry called digestate.
Bio gas plants in Kerala, India, play a crucial role in the state's sustainable energy landscape. Kerala is known for its commitment to environmental conservation, and these bio gas plants are a testament to the region's dedication to renewable energy and waste management.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
2. INTRODUCTION
• Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from
biological sources. Biomass is any organic material which has stored sunlight in the
form of chemical energy. As a fuel it may include wood, wood waste, straw, and
other crop residues, manure, sugarcane, and many other by-products from a variety
of agricultural processes.
3. BIOENERGY TYPES
• Traditional: comes mostly from solid biomass sources. i.e. wood, and other biomass
pellets.
•Advanced: requires converting biomass into liquid or gas form in order to produce
electricity, i.e. biogas, liquid biofuel, ethanol, and biodiesel.
4. BIOENERGY CYCLE
Bioenergy needs a continuous carbon cycle between the atmosphere and the earth.
•In this cycle, carbon dioxide is taken from atmosphere in plant processes i.e.
photosynthesis, and converted into biomass. From this process additional co2 is
produced and converted into energy.
5. PRIMARY ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
• Combustion - direct combustion of biomass is the most common way of converting
biomass to energy - both heat and electricity. Compared to the gasification and
pyrolysis it is the simplest and most developed.
• Gasification - gasification is a high-temperature (1200-1400 Degree Celsius) thermo
chemical conversion process but the process is used for production of gas, instead of
heat.
• Pyrolysis - thermal decomposition occurring in the absence of oxygen. We use
pyrolysis to produce a liquid fuel, bio-oil or pyrolysis oil. It is also called a
biochemical process, as it uses microorganisms to produce bioenergy.
6. BIOMASS
• Biomass is organic matter from plants, microorganism grown on land and water
and their derivatives. The energy obtain from biomass is also called the biomass
energy. It is a renewable energy source. Because organic matter generated
everyday. Coal, petroleum, natural gas are not come in biomass category because
they produce from dead, burried biomass under high pressure and temperature
during several millions of year.
7. TYPES OF BIOMASS
Biomass are classified in three group…..
• 1. Biomass from cultivated like fields, crops, forests etc.
• 2. Biomass derived from wastes like municipal waste, animal dung
etc.
• 3. Biomass converted into liquid fuels.
8. • In first group the biomass is directly converted into energy by burning the biomass,
Second group the biomass is fermented anaerobically to obtain gaseous fuel like bio-
gas.
9. BIOMASS CONVERSION PROCESSES
1. Direct combustion
2. Thermochemical conversion
3. Biochemical conversion
Direct combustion:-
• Combustion is the oldest and most frequently applied process to
extract the energy content from solid biomass. During combustion,
most of the energy is released in form of heat. Different
thermodynamic processes can be used to transform part of this heat
into electric power.
10. Figure: How to produce electricity by direct
combustion.
11. THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION
• Thermochemical conversion the process convert the biomass
and its residues to fuel, chemicals and power using
gasification heating of biomass with about one third of
oxygen is necessary for complete combustion produce
mixture of co2 and hydrogen known as syngas. Pyrolysis
heating biomass in absence or produce a liquid pyrolysis oil.
They both are use as fuel.
12. BIOCHEMICAL CONVERSION
• Biochemical conversion by micro-organic biomass to biofuel are
slow process taking place low temperature. The principle conversion
process is fermentation. Fermentation is a process of decomposition
of organic matter by micro-organism.
• Example fermentation, decomposition of sugar to form ethanol and
carbon dioxide by yeast and ethanol forming acetic acid in making
vinegar.
14. BENEFITS FROM BIOENERGY
• Using waste as a source of energy provides a good way to dispose or process it,
producing energy on the way.
• As it is a renewable and abundant resource, waste is a very efficient way to provide
a reliable source of energy.
• Using bioenergy is more environmentally friendly, as its carbon emission balance
is near neutral.
• Setting up a bio energy facility can be a potential source of local employment.
• Bioenergy is one solution to the substitution of oil.
• The by-product of bioenergy production can sometimes be used, for example as a
fertilizer.
15. BIOGAS
• It refers to a mixture of different gases like fuel gas, sewer and in
India known as Gobar gas. Gas produced by the breakdown of
organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced
from raw materials such as agricultural waste, municipal waste, plant
material, sewage, green waste or food waste. It is a renewable energy
source. Biogas can be produced by anaerobic digestion with
anaerobic bacteria, which digest material inside a closed system.
17. DOME TYPE GAS PLANT
• This type of biogas plant developed by china. In china design it is
usual to provide a main hole cover at the top inlet and outlet are
connected at a mid point of digester. Upper part of digester above
liquid surface provide storage space for biogas. When gas is
produced level of digester liquid drops whereas that in outlet rises
with height difference between the two varying gas pressure. This
difference in height help to regulate gas pressure within digester over
a wide range.
18.
19. MOVEABLE DRUM TYPE PLANT
• This type is also known as floating dome type biogas plants. A
floating-drum plant consists of a cylindrical or dome-shaped digester
and a moving, floating gas-holder, or drum. The gas holder floats
either directly in the fermenting slurry or in a separate water jacket.
The drum in which the biogas collects has an internal and/or external
guide frame that provides stability and keeps the drum upright. If
biogas is produced, the drum moves up, if gas is consumed, the gas
holder sinks back.
20. ADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS PLANTS
• Reduces burden on forests and fossil fuels
• Produces a clean fuel - helps controlling air pollution
• Provides nutrient rich (N & P) manure for plants
• Control water pollution by decomposing sewage , animal dung and
human excreta.
21. CONCLUSION
• Using biomass can be a very efficient way to reduce carbon
emissions in the atmosphere, and is also a good way to have a
sustainable source of energy for our municipalities. By building new
infrastructures and developing new skills, viable plans can be
delivered on.
