Un resumen de los métodos y filosofías que han influido en la práctica de la enseñanza de la lengua inglesa. Una visión crítica sobre la pedagogía del lenguaje y su valor histórico
This presentation will explain about Grammar translation methog. It is method of foreign or second language teaching which makes use of translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities.
Un resumen de los métodos y filosofías que han influido en la práctica de la enseñanza de la lengua inglesa. Una visión crítica sobre la pedagogía del lenguaje y su valor histórico
This presentation will explain about Grammar translation methog. It is method of foreign or second language teaching which makes use of translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities.
The Acculturation Model is a model of second language acquisition designed by John H. Schumann (1978) and it is based on the social-psychology of acculturation
The Acculturation Model is a model of second language acquisition designed by John H. Schumann (1978) and it is based on the social-psychology of acculturation
Aqui podemos apreciar la importancia de la educacion bilingue y algunos estudios que se han hecho sobre la forma que se aprende el Ingles como segunda lengua
Cross Cultural Training PowerPoint PresentationAndrew Schwartz
(ReadySetPresent Cross-Cultural Training PowerPoint Content)
155 slides include: 21+ slides on cross-cultural regional attributes: Asia, Africa, Europe, Middle East, North American, and Latin America, 22 slides on Religious belief systems & Practices, 7 slides on Non-verbal languages across cultures, 19 slides on noting the global challenges and looking for intercultural/cross-cultural opportunities, 9 tips dealing with cultural differences, 9 slides of tips and techniques on intercultural adjustments for expatriates, 15 slides on Intercultural Dialogue tips and techniques, 5 slides on negotiation across cultures, 8 slides on conflict resolution across cultures, how to’s and more.
Cross Cultural PowerPoint PPT Content Modern SampleAndrew Schwartz
159 slides include: 21+ slides on cross-cultural regional attributes: Asia, Africa, Europe, Middle East, North American, and Latin America, religious belief systems & practices, Non-verbal languages across cultures, noting the global challenges and looking for intercultural/cross-cultural opportunities, 9 tips dealing with cultural differences, tips and techniques on intercultural adjustments for expatriates, intercultural dialogue tips and techniques, negotiation across cultures, conflict resolution across cultures, how to’s and more.
JALT 2012 How Bilingualism informs Language TeachingSteve McCarty
Converted from Keynote for iPad to PDF. Japan Association for Language Teaching JALT 2012 annual international conference. Photos are of my half-Japanese sons when they were 2-3 years old (now they are grown up). Click in the circle to hear the recorded presentation synchronized with the slides, so you just sit back. It includes a lively question-and-answer session at the end, a total of 42 minutes. Or click on the small triangles to just read the slides.
Objective:
Explain the important insights and reasons of multilingual education in making education more responsive to cultural diversity.
Appreciate the value of using his/her own mother tongue in dealing with any classroom situations, and
Simulate different classroom situation using their own mother tongue.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. A brief historical introduction to bilingual education
Mackey (1978) bilingual education:
thousands of years old
the invention of alphabet
Mass education: a century or two
the teaching of languages were the study of classical and
foreign languages for academic purposes & it moves to a basic
social and economic necessity.
the roots of contemporary forms of bilingual education :
experimental classrooms such as:
St Lambert French immersion kindergarten, the Dade
Country two-way immersion program, and the first
European School
3. Current state of debate about
bilingualism
Bilingual immersion education
Bilingualism & nationalism
Language ecology & revitalization movements
4. Bilingual immersion education
The longest debate: “does it work?”
Bilingual immersion education: 50 percent of
curricular content is delivered through the medium of
the second language.
The concerned parents of French bilingual children
“ felt their children were being shortchanged and
should have the opportunity to became bilingual with
the school system”. They wanted ‘normal’ education and
it should lead to bilingualism by the end of elementary
school with no deficit in the mother tongue.
5. Bilingualism & nationalism
Nationalism: one language, one nation and signaling
the unification of a nation-state through a common
language. ( Hornberger, 2001)
The root of bilingual education: political ideology
rejects : singularity of cultural vision
& works toward :
understanding across cultural and linguistic difference.
6. Language ecology & revitalization movements
6700, oral languages around the world
Over 5000 of them are spoken in just 22 countries, and many
of them are under threat of extinction( Tove- Skutnabb-
Kangas).
11.5 percent of world’s languages have fewer than 150
speakers, 30 percent have fewer than 1000 speakers
(Daniel Nette).
Bilingual education can be both saboteur & guardian of
”biolinguistic diversity”.
It is a tool for spreading world languages(international
popularity of English), a vehicle for language maintenance
programs where children's home languages are reinforced
through literate study at school.
7. It can be a critical mainstay in language revitalization
programs where children are educated in a threatened
language, offering a means of language regeneration.
Skutnabb-Kangas (2000) mentioned that schools
alone cannot save endangered languages, but they can
kill them.
The political engineering of language and literacy
competencies through educational and economic
reward can be to the detriment as well as the support
of language revitalization and maintenance efforts.
8. Contexts of Bilingual Education
Sociocultural
Political
1) Language policy
2) Language planning
3) Language standards
Psychological
1) Attitudes
9. Sociocultural:
Language signals cultural identity
Variable contexts for bilingual education
The micro-context of the home could be monolingual
and monocultural, monolingual but bicultural, bilingual
and bicultural, or multilingual.
10. Language policy: language politically be perceived as a
problem, right, and resources.
In the American “melting pot,” bilingualism is envisioned as
a transitional state: minority language speakers must pass en
route to majority language adoption.
subtractive bilingualism : where the replacement of second
language (L2) to the first language (L1), is reinforced. this is
language shift rather than any kind of bilingualism.
Additive bilingualism :where the addition of L2 to the L1
occurs, is encouraged in such a political climate.
where individual and societal languages are not equally
supported, bilingual education can be either additive or
subtractive, depending on the learner’s L1.
11. Models of Bilingual Education
Learning a second language
Bilingual and multilingual education
Baker’s (2001) characterization of education programs for
bilingual learning:
strong : the intended outcomes of the program : are additive
bilingualism and biliteracy.
Weak: In education programs additive bilingualism is not an
intended outcome of the program.
12. Bilingual education programs may be aimed at:
enrichment education for majority language speakers
(L2 = minority language),
maintenance education for bilingual speakers (L2 =
minority language),
compensatory education for minority language
speakers in a majority context (L2 = majority
language),
transitional education for minority language speakers
in a majority context (L2 = majority language),
revitalization education in an endangered language
(L2 = endangered minority language).
13. Strong bilingual education programs
Content-based learning: L2 is used as the medium of
instruction to teach and learn curricular content. The
term content-based language teaching normally refers
to programs in which less than 50 percent of the
curriculum is taught through the medium of the L2;
immersion program: where 50 percent or more of the
curriculum is taught through the L2.
Total immersion programs: introduce the second
language immediately and use it for 100 percent of
course work for a specified period of time leading to
gradual introduction of the first language.
14. Two-way immersion programs: integrate a majority
and a minority language community in a bilingual,
bicultural program providing instruction through
the media of both languages.
This model of bilingual education is designed for
bicultural rather than multicultural social contexts.
15. Weak second language education programs
If the aims of L2 medium education are not additive
bilingualism, then the program is submersion (the opposite
of immersion in that it provides no L1 support for children
being “immersed” in an L2).
Transitional education: treats bilingualism as a transient
phenomenon, in accordance with the political aims of
assimilation. Transitional education aims to introduce
basic literacy and numeracy in the minority L1 alongside
introduction to the majority L2.
Language object programs: offer formal language study.
L2 is not used as a medium for content learning. Exposure
to the L2 is limited in this model, and traditionally focused
on form rather than meaning.
16. Assessment and evaluation practices:
A problem in assessing and evaluating bilingual
education programs is in defining bilingual
proficiency.
How much and what kind of each language is enough
to label bilingual? Is there an end point or
determining set of skills in language proficiency?
language and literacy competencies may be
differentially evaluated, educationally, socially, and
politically.
Without acquiring the language and literacy
competencies contemporary society sees students are
deemed to have failed educationally.
Evaluation of Bilingual Education
17. Evaluation of bilingual education
is complicated; assessment needs to take account of
multiple viewpoints:
the individual child
the class as a whole
the school
and the type of educational program.
Measures of success in bilingual education programs are
dependent on the aims and goals of the program.